BANDON RECORDER.

FACTS IN FEW LINESTiger meat is popular with Chinese

of the straits.King Edward Is said to have worn

shoes of hli own manufacture.Rifle bullets are now photographed

In their course by means of the elec-tric spark.

The bessemer process of steel makingwas Invented In 1S30, and it was notuntil 1S7G that open hearth steel, whichcaused such a revolution In boiler making, was introduced.

At Grahamstown, South Africa, apair of ostriches were sold recently for$5,000, which is a record price. Theplucking from the chicks of this pairrealized from $50 to $G2.50 a bird.

To create butterflies of new and gor-geous colors in a city flat is the hobbypursued by Dr. Otto Selfert of Newlork city. He has butterflies by thethousands, and caterpillars are comingto him from friends In all parts of theworld.

. A census enumerator at Montpeller,Vt.. found a Spanish family with fourchildren, all but one of whom wereborn outside of the United States. Onewas born in the City of Mexico, one InMontevideo, one In Madrid, Spain, andone In Montpeller.

The motor boat has invaded the ro-

mantic canals of Venice. The city ofVenice has just established a transpor-tation system of its own and is operat-ing flfty or more motor boats throughthe canals and lagoons. The fare isequivalent to 1 cent.

Maine school statistics show that on, April 1 there were 207.44S persons inthe state entitled to "draw school mon-ey" against 20V.!74 in 1004. The stateschool .fund and mill tax nets the state

. $TtS.347.47, or $2.74 per scholar. Lastyear each scholar drew $2.7S.

Not one girl In ten thousand has a. dimple In her chin, says Professorkins of New Orleans. He believes thiskind of dimple to bev more commonamong men than among women andsays It Is permanent, whereas dimplesin the cheeks come and go as the ex-

pression of the face changes.The latest historical personage to be

commemorated Is Archimedes, theGreek who only wanted a place tostand outside In order to move theworld with his lever. Syracuse. InSicily, has made him a monument,representing the geometrician andphysicist with his inventions groupedaround him.

One of the big summer resorts In theThousand islands has been employingJapanese waiters this summer, and re-

cently one of them suddenly went tothe proprietor and said that he wouldnot work there any more. It waslearned that several of the guests hadoffered him tips, and he thought thatthis was Insulting to his honor.

In l.cr; William Reynolds of Dcrry.X. II.. found a mud turtle in hismeadow and after cutting the date inIts shell released it. A feu-- years laterhe found the same turtle again and cuta second date. This time he notched

""the shell. The other day Mr. Reyn-olds son found the same turtle in thesame locality In which It was foundforty years ago.

In 11)04 British educatioual instuutions received nearly $50,000 for farmstudies, and social grants, aggregating several thousand dollars, weremade to various agricultural and in-

dustrial societies. Dairying and sheepraising are receiving special attention.and some important results recentlyhave been attained In curing or preventing diseases peculiar to sheep.

The clerk in a Bangor drug store sawa young sparrow fluttering on tinwalk ami took It inside, placing itamong some palms in a window. Afterji thiii the mother entered the storeami located the voting one in the win-dow. She made no effort to entice thelittle one away, but came regularlyfor three days with worms to feed itAt the end of that time It was able tofly away alone.The Japanese nightingale, or Peking

robin. Is becoming naturalized In theparks of London, where some were released recently. It is a charming littlebird, beautifully colored, being olivegreen with orange bordered wings andtinted on the throat and breast withthe most exquisite shading of primrose yellow and orange. It has' a

coral red beak. Furthermore. It has afine song and Is an Industrious destroy-p- r

of insects and an exnert liv catcherTiie plan of maintaining the children

of the poor or such as may be In thepoorhoues or "unions" In cottagesanil homes of that character Is findinga very general adoption in England, noless than 12S "unions" now maintainlug the children away from the panperizing effects of poorhouse associa-tions. The comity of London paid out72 cents u head of Its population forthe half year on poor account.

Bavaria has done much to attainperfection in Its customs staff, for notonly has this state for years past madethe proof of having collegiate educa-tions obligatory before accepting can-didates for the customs service, butalso to further their efficiency in ad-

ministering the new tariff the govern-ment has established a chemical labor-atory for the practical education of Itscustoms. oJSicer at an expense of $71,-40- 0.

The Inhabitants of Abouklr. nearAlexandria. Egypt, were recently treated to a wonderful spectacle. It be-

came neessary to destroy some six-

teen tons of powerful dynamite, andthe explosives, sufficient to blow up atown, were taken to sea and placedbeneath the water. Something like asubmarine earthquake followed the ex-

plosion, which was heard for milesaround. A waterspout shot Into theair to a height of about 2,0K) feet undfell back in dazzling spray. Simulta-neously the sea became a whirlpool ofseething water, as If agitated by ahurricane.

I'iivIiiic flic "Vnj-- .

"lias Harold asked your father togive his consent?'

"He told father last night that he hadmade $5,000 in a real estate deal, so I

suppose he's asking him on the Install-ment plan." Milwaukee Journal.

No man Is matriculated to the art oflife till he has been well tempted. --

George Eliot

1 POLLY UHl t

I often wonder why it is, as we jour-

ney through life, that we give ourwords of appreciation and good cheerso grudgingly, when it is such a simplematter to make people happy by giv-

ing n few encouraging words. It is soeasy to lagin the day with a kind wordand a smile for everyone. You don'know how much this simple little acof yours means to people who havmet with the ups and downs of life, orto those who are embittered by disajpointments and failures that seem t

mark their pathway through lifeMany times they are the plodders inother words, they work hard, earlyand late, and are so conscientious ii

the discharge of their duties for fearthey are not giving time and work forvalue received, that they simply ruinnot only their health, but their ternpers as well. They know how harethey have worked to accomplish thetask that has been set for them amhow their companions or fellow workers quietly jeered at them for workingthemselves to death for nothing, asthey term it. They can tell how onethey were just as enthusiastic and jusas eager to please, and were willing towork early and late, but they soonfound that the men who took things alittle easier, and did not hesitatetake their day oil" occasionally, gotalong just as well, and probably a littlebetter, for they had become hardenetana niuiiterent to censure. ineycould recall the time, however, whenthey looked forward to the smile givenor the word of appreciation for thework well done, and how keen wastheir disapiointment when it wasglanced at indill'eiently and they received the identical treatment of theifellow-worke- rs who shirked and whodid their work in a half-heart- ed waytaking but little interest beyond thefact that on Saturday night theirnames would appear on the pay roll.

Many men, women and childreneven, do their work through a sense o

duty; they are content to drag on inthe same rut, with never a thought o

advancing. Possibly when theystartein their hearts were boyant with hope.as they dreamed of a reward in iacrease of salary by attending strictlyto business mid taking the same interest in their work they would havedone had the business been their ownYear in and year out tound them inthe same groove, and there they remained until they had come to belooked upon as a part of the machineryGradually their faces became carewornand they became listless, and performedtheir work in a mechanical sort of away. It was doubtless well done, butit had become second nature to do itthat way. If it were not up to themark then the monotony of the every-

day life was varied by the censure thatwas sure to follow. One word of encouragement, one smile of apprecialion would have lightened the day forthem, and stirred up the dead embersof ambition that had died away underthe toil of years until hardly a sparkwas left to be fanned into new lifeThere is not one of us who is not betterand happier to know that our workhas given satisfaction and that our ef-

forts have been appreciated. It puts anew song into our hearts and smoothsoil' the rough edges.

The man who hits learned that hisemployes are not machines and whotakes the time to personally show themthat he appreciates their efforts to advance his business interests has learneda very important lesson. '1 wice thework will be accomplished in his bustnessthan there will be in a rival storeor factory where the proprietors are in-

different. It is natural, I suppose forthem to take things for granted and inthe whirl of business forget that thereare hearts craving for words of kindness and appreciation that cost noth-ing.

It pays, too, to treat an employe withrespect, and require that the otherhands shall treat each other with thedifference nie from one gentleman toanother. I knew a young boy whogave up an excellent position recently,not because the work was too hard orthat he did not like the business, butbecause the whole firm, from the manager down, were a bullying lot of peo-

ple. The manager or proprietor didnot believe in wasting words on a mereemploye by deigning to acknowledge acheerful, but respectful "Good mnrn- -

ng." But it was a part of their creedo be gruff' and wholly devoid of all

the natural acts of kindness that showrefinement by nature and mark thetrue gentleman. They allowed themen to order the younger employesaround in so cruel and humiliating away that it took all the sweetness outof life and embittered their youngjearts to the extent that it soon told

on them, making hitherto lovable andnippy natures cross and discontentedmd this ltoy's confidence in men wasshaken like a reed in an unfriendlybreeze just as he stood on the thresh-hol- d

of his business career. The boywas ordered around and addressedwith such epithets as, "Here youdunce, hurry up!" "lie quick about it,you fool !" and one of the men highestin authority used to, in his pleasantand jovial (?) way and for the benefitof his rs' enjoyment start theloy on an errand with a kick. Thelxiy stood this treatment for threemonths, and then his whole nature re-

volted at the injustice and coarsenessof the men who called themselves gentlemen and he resigned his position.One after another of the lxiys they gotto take the little lad's; pia'ce went

through the same experience and thenlinally dropped out of the businesswhen their self-respe- ct came to theiraid and helped them to decide that thegame was not worth the candle. Suchpeople have much to answer for. Theyhad the moulding of the Iniy's char-acter in their hands ; they could makehim a cringing, helpless man, embit-tered and his heart tilled with hatred,or make him an honest, upright andhonorable man, read to take his placein the progressive ranks and make himfeel that life was worth the living, butthey chose the former way. That Imylost a good position when he had toleave this firm, but his self-respe- ct

would no longer allow him to sufferthe humiliation that a bullying lot ofmen saw lit to indict upon him. Someone will have to answer for this even-tually ; it may be in the nature of someof their own kin suffering the torturesof mind and ootly that they inflictedon this boy in their glee. It is allwrong and something should be doneto correct this evil.

S'

BRIEF REVIEW.

Greek .Rules of Construction.In constructing their stone edifices,

the (J recks, who were reasoners andlogicians, followed certain rules, andadopted for each edifice, a certain fixedproportion. What does this mean V Itmeans that the proportions of the dif-

ferent parts of the edifice are simpleproportions, which can be reduced to acommon measure. Take as an examplethe temple of Paestum, with which weare now dealing. The module is themean radiousof tiiecolumn. This mod-

ule measures three feet. The columnis ten times the module, or say thirtyfeet. The distance between the axes ofthe columns is live times the module,say fifteen feet. The total height o

the entablature is also fifteen feel, thewidth of the abacus is three modules.equal to nine feet. It is thus seen thatall these numbers are multiples o

three, which is the module. In thismanmr the proportions of the differenmembers of an edifice have a constanrelation to each other. It goes withousaying that the module varies for eacledifice; there is no single and absoluterule. For instance, in the Doric orderthe length of the column varies fromten to twelve modules; in the Ionic order from sixteen to twenty-on- e. Thentablature of the Doric order measuresfive modules, and that of the Ioniconly four.

How Old-Ti- Lawyer Got Acquittal"Old-tim- e lawvers in our state stil

recount with glee how a shrewd member of the bar saved a client from thepenitentiary," said M. V. Hastings, o

Alabama. "This lawyer had been employed by a tough citizen to defemhim on a charge of horse stealing. Thestate had a strong case, and it Iooketas though with such positive proof theaccused was certain to go behind thebars. Xow at that period the law w:issuch that a man could only be tried oian original indictment; in other wordsif an indictment were lost or destroyedthe result was the same as an acquittalDesperate conditions require desperateremedies, and what does this lawyerfor the defense do after making a pretext of wishing to examine the doettnient but sit there in the court roonand deliberately chew up that indictment and swallow the fragments. Hedid this just as truly as Kat 'Em l

Jake' chewed and swallowed a sixthcard in a poker game, which everyport in the United States knows that

he did. "And this was the cause ofchange in the statutes of Alabama,whereby a new or substitute indictment can be got out and held as validin case of the disappearance of the original."

Developing Thy X Ray.Some:Lslonishing developments in X- -

ray photography ale reported by Professor Heidor and Dr. Joseph Uosen- -

thal, of Munich. These two scientistshave been collaborating in X-r- ay worland declare that they have succeededin obtaining in less than a second oftime X-r- ay photographs of the humanhest, the patient ceasing to breathe

meanwhile. Having succeeded thusfar, they sought to take pictures of thehuman heart between its beats, 'as itwas found that the beating of that organ impaired the exactness of the photographs. Having fust of all accurately gauged the time elapsing betweenhe beats, they, by the use of the mostensitive films procurable, and the

strongest X-ra- ys, obtained good photographs in one-tent-h of a second. Ituid not hitherto been thought possible

to take such photographs.

Growth of Human Hair.Authorities differ as to the rate of

growth of the human hair, and it isaid to be very dissimilar in different

individuals. The most usually accepted calculation gives six and one--lalf inches per annum. A man's hair,tllowed to grow to its extreme length,rarely exceeds 12 or 11 inches, whilethat of a woman will grow in rare instances to 70 or 75 inches, though theaverage floes not exceed 25 to ::o inches.

If you are the right kind of a boy bethankful that you are poor and have torustle and make j'ourown way. Thisleads to success and useful happy mid-dle age.

The continuous sheet mill of theAmerican Steel and Tin Plate companyat South Sharon, Pa., built three yearsago at a cost of $1,500,000 but never op-

erated, is to be placed in operation.

Federal authorities in Chicago arepreparingcoutempt proceedings againsinterstate railways forgranting rebates.

Between spells of work mix a littlefun.

LIFE ON A WARSHIP.

Why the Men Arc Allowed to InfiniteIn At. let lis SiMirtH.

To see a thirteen Inch gun loadedand tired Is a sight not to be forgotten.The projectile Is thirteen inches In

diameter, about three feet In lengthand weighs 1,100 pounds. The powdercharge for target practice Is 250

pounds. The cost for each shot isrtbout ?500. When all Is ready on therange the signal siren sounds, there Is

a blinding flash, a roar like thunderand a jarring shock. Then you hearthe whining screech of the shell, forall the world like a fast express round-ing a sharp curve. The projectile isvisible almost from the time It leavesthe gun. You see It rip through thetarget and strike the water beyond,throwing up a column of liquid manyfeet high. The shell skips, much likethe flat stone "'skipper" of our boy-

hood, and again a column of watershoots up two miles or more fartherout to be repeated time and again.The shell in Its flight can be watchedwithout ho aid

vof glasses for eight

miles or more In clear weather.While the life of a sailor, from cap

tain down to apprentice, is an almostcontinual round of work, some time Is

found for athletic sports, such asboat racing, football and baseball. Theobject of this is to give the men rec

reation and at the same time to fosterthe spirit of competition. Besides, itm iikcs ho men easier to manage. Theshin with a strong football or basebalteam or the fastest race boat almostInvariably has a happy and easilymanaged crew a crew that will swearthat Its otllcers are the finest men In

the world, and likewise the officersswear by such a crew. Some shipshave training tables for their athleticteams, the expense usually being deCraved bv the otllcers. The team or

boat crew, as the case may be, I

petted by the otllcers and Idolized by

the crew, and for some time before a

hard contest the men are excused fromvarious duties In order that they maygive more time to training.

Everv battleship and cruiser has Its

race boat, purchased by contributionsfrom olllcers and men. The prices pan

for these boats Is, as a rule, contingentimon their winning certain speclfieiraces. The builders are willing to takea chance, knowing that the crew will doIts best to win. For a winning boat theprice Is often as much as ? 1.000. while

for a boat that proves less speedy thebuilder will accept $500 or less. On the

result of a licet boat race as much as:?0.000 has been known to changi

iiMiuls and larce sums are alsowagered on baseball and footbalgames. This Is, of course, contrary tc

the letter of the regulations; but thecnm-thi- instinct Is as strong in the- I rnavy as elsewhere and It Is not a I waypossible to hold down the lid. Leslie'Weekly.

STYLES IN COATS.

Origin of the Cutaway l'riick, theSack ami the lire Cnut.

The modem cutaway sprang fromthe hotly fitting justaucorps of theFrench as known to the courtiers ofLouis XIV. and Louis XV., and the garment was in turn probably evolvedfrom the frock or tunic worn lu thefourteenth century.

The first trace of a cutaway in anything like Its present form, says theSartorial Art Journal. Is seen in oldprints of French military uniform.'early in the eighteenth century. Forcivilian use it was worn In F.uglandabout 17S5 as a riding coat, the tailsbeing very long. In lS'.Kl It was adopted in France for walking as well as forriding and was then In shape and cutmuch nearer the modern cutaway thanany of Its predecessors, though it wausually double breasted.

Karly In the nineteenth century thecutaway had eight or nine buttons.only the fourth, fifth and sixth beingused. This admitted of the wearershowing his neckcloth, fancy waistcoat and frilled shirt to the best advantage. Not till 1S40 or thereaboutdid the cutaway become almost identical with the modern garment and sincethen fhe changes In Its shape havtbeen comparatively slight In 1S-1- theword "cutaway" became a fixture hithe language.

The old colonial uniform worn byWashington, with Its flaps buttonedback; the coat worn by Nelson at thebattles of St. Vincent, the Nile andTrafalgar, and the coat worn by Napo-leon when on his way to St. Helenawere all In a general way similar tothe cutaway frock.

The conventional dress coat of ourtime Is a refined younger brother, soto speak, of the cutaway frock, andfor It we are indebted to the French,who on the other hand credit the KngHsh with originating the coat that hasevolved Into our double breasted frock.The coat last named was Introducedinto France by .Montesquieu In theyear 1750.

Incidentally, we may add. the pres-ent black dress coat has by the Knglish speaking nations been restricted toevening weaj little more than half acentury. In some continental coun-tries the dress coat Is "proper form"for wear at court or other Importantformal assemblages held In the day-time.

The sack coat probably dates fromthe ".Macaronies," who Introduced It

into Kuglaiid In 1772, though a gar-

ment somewhat similar was worn bythe Roundheads of Cromwell's day.

Ancient IlrldRe Superstition.A primitive notion existed among the

Romans and other races that a bridgewas an offense and Injury to the rivergod, as It saved people from beingdrowned while fording or swimmingacross and robbed the deity of a certainnumber of victims which were his due.For many centuries In Home propitia-tory offerings of human victims weremade every year to the Tiber. .Men

and women were drowned by beingbound and flung from the wooden Sub-llcla-

bridge, which, till nearly the endof the republican period, was the oneand only bridge across the Tiber In

Home.

Authorship nn n Profenlon.Nobody should write who Is not firm-- y

possessed of the idea that he has avocation for literature and Is not will- -

ng to endure the penalties 6f art forthe sake of serving au art If a personwho writes In that spirit makes a liv- -

ing he earns it If he makes a fortunehe deserves It --New York Times.

I FEATHERED GLUTTONS.

Some Very Greedy IMrdu That AreTremendous Feeder.

Despite the fact that "the appetiteof a bird" has become a common phrasefor light eating, Investigations show

1.l,..ld iipu rTTinm1ii11l fceilerS. '1 llC

diet of the average kestrel (a small European hawk) is calculated at i.ooomice a momu, to say uuuun& uiand worms. The barn owl Is as vora- -

clous as the kestrel. An investigator.after caging one of these birds, gave Itsnvon mice one after the other, lnefirst six Immediately disappeared, eachwith a gobble and a gulp, and the owldid its very best to treat the seventhin a like manner. Limitations of abdominal capacity, however, prevented,and though the gobble came off thegulp did not, so that for twenty inlnutes or so the tall of the seventh mousedangled from the corner of the bird'sbeak. But In due course It swallowedthe body, and three hours later thepangs of hunger reasserted themselvesand the owl ate four more mice,

Four pounds would be a heavy weightfor a heron. Yet one of those birds,which was trapped in England, dis-

gorged two recently swallowed trout,one of which weighed two pounds andthe other one and a half pounds. Another captured had contrived to putaway three trout averaging threi-qua- r

tcrs of a pound apiece, although It wasonlv four months old, and another baddined unon seven small trout, togetherwith a mouse and a thrush.

Among the greediest birds are woodnlceons. which will continue to gulpdown food until their crons are almost-

at tl.o burstimr nolnt From one ofMiimw birds shot as It was returningfro,,, , r,.M m tho fiplds. no fewer thansno imifiiM of wheat were taken. An- -

O 'ntl.or l.nd contrived to cram down nofWor th.m i00 neas. A third was en- -

deavorlng to sustain nature with ISO

beech nuts and a fourth with sixtyncorns. .

A PERFUME THAT SMELLS.

The Awfnl Odor That Come FromI'nre Attnr of Ilonen.

The perfumer took from his desk asmall flask of copper.

"In flasks like this attar of rosescomes to u.i," he said. "Attar of rosesIs worth from $10 to an ounce, according to the market This flask Isempty now, but In it a little odor stilllingers."

The visitor smiled delightedly. Hehad never smelt pure attar of roses be-

fore. Now he unscrewed the snipperand, closing his eyes, with an ecstaticlook he applied his nostrils to the flask.

Hut only for an instant. Then hethrew back his head, twisting hisfeatures into a grimace of disgust, andhe exclaimed:

"(larbage! Hone yards! Glue factories!"

The perfumer laughed."All essential oils ntnell like that." he

said. "Yet no good perfume can bemade without them."

He took from a shelf a cut glasi jartil let 1 with a thick, yellowish oil thatlooked like petroleum partly refined.

"In this Jar." he said, "there are fortyounces of pure attar of roes worthover S300. You know how the attarsmells alone. Now watch me makerich perfume by adding things to It."

He put a few drops of the attar Intot int Tin nih.ii tiw. ..viii. sulfitei v- - a i ito I

of musk, another of orris, then one ofneroli. one of rose, of violet, of oramre.of vanilla, and. finally, the oil of clovesand bergamot.

"There." he said, "smell that. Isn'tit exquisite":"

"Exquisite!" said the visitor"Well, without its foundation of the

malodorous ami costly attar of roses itwouldn't smell any better than a platfof south"- - New York Herald.

THE DOCTOR KNOWS.

He !. N"nt Deceived hj- - the Story IliaI'ntlent Iliiudr Htm.

It was late, the doctor's patleuts hadeither hissed away or were mending,anil he was sitting with a number ofhis acquaintances In a corner of theclub room.

"It's a strenuous life we lead."droned the man of medicine, "with thegrim side turned uppermost as a rule,but n w and then we get a laugh outof it a laugh with the lid on, ofcourse: we can't afford to show we'reamused. 1 often wonder," he went ongenially, vl.y s.inn of you chaps eversend for a physician. You don't tellhim the truth once In twenty times.You're lu a bad way and you're sorry.and to hear you talk I'd think yourmouths were cold storage boxes forbutter. You suspect that lobster or arich sauce you ate day before yesterday is at the bottom of the trouble.You know what's curled you up, andyou're frightened out of a year'sgrowth for fear I'll learn.

"Accordingly, Instead of taking meinto vour confidence, you tell me anImpossible story. And If I cross examine you closely and hedge you Inyou'll reluctantly admit that you'vebeen somewhat Indiscreet. on smokedfour cigars Thursday and took sixdrinks. Doesn't it ever occur to youthat I know by your flutters that yousmoked from breakfast to bed andtook sixteen drinks and six more for.T.....1 1...... II.

"If I were to believe you and doseyou for your ailments as you describethem you'll never get well. Now andthen I have to give you strychnine andnitroglycerin to restore the action of

conclude that you'd had too much pinkIce at a children s party.

"As I hinted, we doctors get somefun out of It, but what do you do Itfor? We were not always doctors, wehaven't always taken the best care ofourselves,- - and we're not fools.-"-Providence Journal.

CrrntliiK the F(in1iIoum.Who sets me fashi.msV Sometime

au original Idea emanates from a humble workwoman, and after fusion Inthe brain and Improvements and sug-gestions given by the great autocrat itemerges, Minerva-like- , In full panoply,complete and victorious. Numbers ofdiligent seekers, a horde of assistants.,lpressed Into the service. Artists ilendtheir willing services, while the sartorial adent combines, exaggerates, al- -

lcrs 0itl modes, culling, like the bee,uow-er- s of fancy here and there untilt,e bright vision of beauty Is realizedaml tj,u forthcoming styles are decidedon. Loudon (Jrauhlc.

ABOUT THE ORIGIN

OF GOLD PENS

The First Ones, Which wereMade in England, Failed to

i

Fill Requirements.

Tnen an American Discovered IridiumCould Be Used for Protecting

the Points of Pens.

To an American is due the creditfor having made the fountain pen theuseful article It has come to be, for

without the gold pen point, which can-

not corrode, the fountain pen would be

useless.The manufacture of gold pens was

commenced in the United States In 1S3j

by a watchmaker of Detroit Attemptshad been made In England to makegold pens prior to that time, but theymet with little success. Alloyed goldIs too soft to make a durable point andthis circumstance made It necessaryto protect the pen points with dlamonds or rubles until John Isaac Hawkins, a citizen of the United States, .but

residing In England while the expen- -

ments lu the manufacturing of goldpens were In progress there, accidental

I. . - ... -

0 discovered mat me native auoy oiIridium and osmium ore, one or thenartiest ami most reiruciorj oi uu iu- -

tabic alloys, eouiu ue used ror protect- -. . . . tbig the points to mucn oetter auvan

tage and more cheaplyHawkins- - rigius were purcnaseu uy u

clergyman or ucirou. uu nmuccu un. 1 li iwatcmnaKer aoove menuoneu 10 maim

facture gold pens, me urst pens manehy him were poor substitutes for theQUiu men m use. iu itu ui piain.WaS UlKeU lO .U'W XOltv, Wilt-I-B UJU

business was enlargedQuite an Improvement was added to

the plant by the machines for the mak-ing and tempering of the pens, Invent-ed bv John Rendell, one of the employees of the establishment. This establlshment soon produced a gold penso perfect that It combined the elasticity of the quill with the permanencyof the metal. About 1SJK) it was (liscovered that by Imbedding the Iridiumpoints In the gold instead of solderingthem on the corrosive Influence of theInk on the two metals, the solder andthe gold, was avoided and a firmerhold In the pen was given to the points.

The gold pen has been brought to Itspresent degree of perfection by theAmerican manufacturer, and the Industry from Its Inception has beencharacterized by the use of Americanmethods. For the production of thegold pen a high degree of skill Is necessary, and only experts are employedin tho different plants.

The gold used In the making of thepens Is obtained from the UnitedStates assay ofllce. It Is then meltedand --alloyed about sixteen carats fineand rolled Into a long, narrow ribbon,from which pen blanks or fiat platesIn the shape of a pen, but considerablythicker than the finished pen, are cutby means of a lever press or die andpunch. The blunt nib of the blank isnotched or recessed at the end to re--

.I I f " 4.1 A Lceive uie lnuiuin mat lonns uie ex- -. . ..1 1 1 1 1 I A. I. I 1 fpoint ivuitu an goou

I)ens possess.The Iridium Is coated with a cream

of borax ground In water and laid Inthe notch formed In the end of theblank. It Is then secured by a processof sweating, which Is nothing more or,tlS3 than melting the gold of which thepen Is formed so that It unites solidlywith tho Iridium. The blank Is thenpassed between rollers of peculiarform to give a gradually diminishingthickness from the point backward.The rolls have a small cavity In whichthe extreme end of the Iridium pointednib Is placed to prevent Injury td'fheIridium. After rolling the nib of ever.vpen Is stiffened and rendered spong.,by hammering.

This la the most. Important processIn the manufacture of the pen, as theelastlclt- - of the pen depends entirelyupon this operation. The pen Is thentrimmed by a press similar to thatwhich Is used for cutting out theblanks or by automatic machinery.When the blank has been trimmed thename of the manufacturer and tuenumber of the pen are stamped on Itby means of a screw press.

The pen Is given Its convex surfacealso bv means of a screw nress. thoblank being pressed letween a concavedie beneath and a convex one above.Quite a little force Is necessary tobring the pen to the required convex-ity, and when this operation Is com-

pleted two Jaws approach the blankand press It up on opposite edgei, thusgiving the pen Its final shape.

The next step Is to cut the IridiumInto two points by holding It on theedge of a thin copper disk which Ischarged with fine emery and oil andrevolves at a high speed. The nib Isthen silt by n machine and the siltcleared by means of a line circularsaw. After slitting, the nibs arebrought together by hainmer'.n. amithe pen Is burnished on the Inside by aconcave form and on the outside by aconvex form. This Is necessary to givethe pen a uniform surface and greaterelasticity.

These nlhs are then set by the lingersalone, after which operation the pen Is

grouml by H ntho with a thin steeldisk and a couner cylinder, both charg--

0(1 wth flnp emerv nnd 0I1. The silt. thpn hv fln0 disk, and theB,dcg of the nl,,s nml the ponts nre

upon ti,e copper cylinder. Afterlho n.,.... lg llone the nen Is iMlshcdupon huff ,;.hoeIs wujcn completes theprocesH of nianufacture.

Before the pen Is placed upon themarket, however. It Is given a thoroughInspection to see that It possesses theproper elasticity, fineness and weight.then pasfled to an Inspector who testsIt and weighs It Chicago Chronicle.

Ilia Past and nin Prenent."What do you know about his past';"

asked Mabel."Just enough to make me a little

suspicious about his present," saidMaud, examining with a magnifyingglass the diamond ring the young manhad sent her.

A dwarf sees farther than the giantwhen he has the giant's shoulder tc

mount Coleridge.

IN THE BASQUE COUNTRY.

The Peeullnr Laincnaue and Odd Cni-to- mi

of the People.Of the strange scenes and customs of

Uie Basque country a traveler writes:"I was struck by the way the women

walked and carried themselves. A fut

old woman with a huge tray on her

head walked along at a swinging pace,

shouting her wares meanwhile at thetop of her voice. I saw a woman car-

rying on her head first of all a large

tray of fruit (Its size can be imagined

when I tell you that it was afterwardher stall). On the top of this were a

basket of washing and .a big umbrellato be used to cover the stall. Then in

her left hand she carried a supple-

mentary stall, and by the other sheled a little child which could Just reachthe mother's hand by holding Its ownup as. high as it could stretch.

"I was waiting once at a little way-

side nn iu tho village of Ascaln when1 siw an old lady, followed by twogreat fat white pigs. They all threewaddled over to the village pump, andthen, procuring some water In a pall,the old lady proceeded to wash hercharges. She cleaned them most as-

siduouslyeyes, ears, tail, back, hindquarters and feet.

"There Is a dignity of carriage aboutall the women in this country. I fan-

cied It might be due to the fact thatformerly, before the "Code Napoleon'came into operation, the law obligedthe firstborn, whether boy or girl, to

Inherit the patrimony and continue thehead of the family, the husband takingthe wife's name when the inheritor wasa woman, thus giving the woman aperfect equality from her birth Thematrons are not less beautiful than theyounger women.

"Quite unlike any other language lathat of the Basques. Although whenhearing the people talk a Spanish soundseems to be occasionally emitted, It Is

not really at all like Spanish. I wasamused to find that 'no' is ess' inBasque, and when I asked what "yes

was I thought at first the answer was'na,' which would have been very curi-ous, but it turned out to be 4ba,' withthe 'b' softly pronounced."

"

BITS FROM THE WRITERS.

There Is nothing In life worth mak-

ing a secret of except one's income.Seton Merriman.

Civilization means universal civility,and to be civil to everybody argues agreat power of telling lies. Eden Phlll-pott- s.

How exquisite in life is the art of notseeing many things and of forgettingmany that have been seen! JamesLane Allen.

Truisms, whether they He In thedepths of thought or on the surface,are at any rate the pearls of experi-ence. George Meredith.

Have you never observed that if youconscientiously neglect to do your workIt somehow manages to get done with-out you? Henry Harland.

Relations, as somebody said, are dis-

agreeable acquaintances Inflicted uponus byProvIdenee. But It is no uselosing one's temper about what theysay. It only pleases them. RichardBairot

SOURCES OF COLORS. .

Blue black Is the charcoal of the vinestalk.

Raw sienna Is the natural earth nearSienna. Italy.

Ivory chips produce the ivory blackand bone black.

Turkey red Is the madder plant,which grows In Hindustan.

Prussian blue is made with impurapotassium carbonate. This most usefuldiscovery was accidental.

Cochineal Insects furnish many ofour most gorgeous colors carmine,scarlet crimson and purple.

India Ink Is made from burned cam-phor. The Chinese are the only manu-facturers of this and will not reveal itssecret.

Cuttlefish give us sepia, which isnothing more nor less than the Inkyfluid which the fish discharges to ren-der the water black when It Is at-tacked.

Joot "IV hut He Meant.An American In Loudon once attend-

ed a dinner where Henry Arthur Joneatohl a story about Becrbohm Tree.

"Mr. Tree." said the playwright, "meta friend of his one afternoon in Kegenlstreet.

"The two stood and conversed a littlewhile, and then Mr. Tree said:

" 'Have you been down to see me actlately, 1113-

- boy?'" "No; too poor,' said the other." Too poor,' Mr. Tree exclaimed.

'Why, you spend enough on wine andcigars'

"But the other, nettled, interrupted." T don't mean I'm too poor. I mean

you're too poor,' he said."

Am a Clincher."I'm not so particular about speed,

but I must have a gentle horse," repeated Mr. Green. "My wife wantsto drive, you see. Will you warrantthis horse to be safe?"

"Certainly," said the dealer reassur-ingly. "He's a regular lady's horse."

"You are sure he's not afraid of any-thing?" asked Mr. Green anxiouslyand for tho tenth time.

The dealer assumed an air of reflec-tion.

"Well, there Is one thing that he hasalways appeared to be afraid of eversince I got him," he admitted conscientiously. "It seems 'as If he",scared to death for fear some onemight say 'Whoa!' nnd he not hear It."

Womnn'i Presence.What a consoler Is woman! No pres

ence but hers can win a man from hissorrow. The soldier becomes a light-some boy at her feet; the anxiousstatesman smiles himself back to thefree hearted youth beside her. and thestill and shaded countenance f carebrightens beneath her influence,as theclosed flower blooms in the sunshine.American Queen.

Ilerole Sarsrerr.When the Medical and Chimrgical

society of London was founded In 1805the barber-surgeo- n was still more oress tolerated. At one of Its early meet-ng- s

one Dr. Wardrop advocated the'excellent custom" of bleeding patients

till they fainted, so that they might bethe subject of surgical operation whilen an insensible condition.