linage: common ancestors stateless societies: cultures based on ancestral linage instead of...
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 15
Societies and Empires of Africa 800-1500
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Vocabulary I Linage: Common ancestors Stateless Societies: cultures based on
ancestral linage instead of government Ghana: The first west African kingdom
based on Gold/Salt trade Mali: West African kingdom based on
Gold/Universities/Mansa Musa Sundiata:1st Great leader of Mali. Cruel
and unpopular.
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Vocabulary II Mansa Musa: Islamic Mali King. Hajj. Built
Mosques/University at Timbuktu Ibn Battuta: African Marco Polo. 27 years of
travel in the Muslim World Songhai: West African kingdom that took over
Mali. Muslim rulers. Lacked modern weapons. Benin: African Culture on the Niger River.
Bronze/Brass artifacts Swahili: Arabic Language diffused with Bantu
language Great Zimbabwe: South East African Trade
city. Gold/Trade hub.
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Geography of Africa
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North and Central African SocietiesChapter 15:1
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North and Central African Societies
Hunter-Gathering Societies Matrilineal vs. Patrilineal
Most societies are patrilineal or traced ancestry through father
Hunter-Gatherer = nomadic Most northern and central African societies
were nomadic due to harsh climate (too dry or rainforest)
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Islamic Influence
Islamic influence Rise of Islam in Africa
Mostly along northern and eastern coasts; introduced to Africa through trade and conquest
Brought Islamic law and traditions to Africa as well as written language (Arabic)
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African Societies
STATELESS SOCIETIES S.S. are based on
families/clans They serve as the
government Patrilineal: Father Matrilineal: Mother Age Set System
Right of passage based on age!!
MUSLIM STATES Maghri(e)b: Northern
Africa/Mediterranean Islamic Law runs
life/government
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Main Idea Questions
1. What sorts of food did the Efe hunt and gather in the Iturbi Forest?
2. What different purposes does the age-set system serve in African societies?
3. What role did Islam play in the political history of Northern Africa?
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West African Civilization15:2
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Empires of Gold and Salt
Ghana, Mali, and Songhai Gold/Salt Trade
Trade for Gold and Salt along Niger River and trans-Saharan trade routes made all three kingdoms flourish
Trade was single most important factor for success of all three kingdoms
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Influence of Islam
Islam brought to Africa along the trans-Saharan trade routes
Islam was practiced by all major west African rulers
Blended Islam with native African Religions
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Important West Africans
Mansa Musa Led kingdom of Mali
during Golden Age Went on famous
pilgrimage to Mecca 1324
Control of Gold and Salt Trade (100,000 men)
Built the city of Timbuktu – the most famous trade city of Mali/University
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Ibn Battuta “Muslim Marco Polo” Traveled the length
of the Muslim World during 1500s, wrote accounts of each Muslim country he visited
Most important primary source for historians on Muslim countries during the late Middle Ages
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Kingdom of Benin Located south of
Ghana, Mali, and Songhai on West African coast
Isolated due to location away from major river
Known for distinctive African artwork free from foreign influence
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Main Idea Questions
1. How did Ghana’s gold-salt trade work?
2. How did Sunni Ali build an Empire?
3. What form of government was typical of Hausa city-states?
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Eastern City-States and Southern EmpiresChapter 15:3
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East Coast Trade Cities
Indian Ocean Trade Network
Stretched from Indonesia and China in the east to Africa in the west
Kilwa, Mogadishu, and Mombassa most important trade cities in east Africa
Traded ivory, gold, and slaves
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Islamic Influences
Islamic Influences Most city-states ruled by Muslims and
followed Islamic Law
Arabic language combined with Bantu to form Swahili
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Southern Africa and Great Zimbabwe
Great Zimbabwe From 1200-1400, this
city controlled inland Africa
Many ruins are left from this site, including huge city structures and walls
Considered to be African culture most free from outside influence
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Europeans arrive in Africa Portuguese
Arrived along African coast in the late 1400’s
Built trade forts along African coast and captured many trade cities
Brought European influence to Africa including Christianity
Began European slave trade by exploiting existing slave trade
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Main Idea Questions
1. How did the Swahili Language develop?
2. How was Islam introduced to East Africa?
3. How did the people of Great Zimbabwe positively interact with their environment?