life science review game. all living things must have 6 characteristics in order to be considered...

Life Science Review GAME

All living things must have 6 characteristics in order to be considered a living organism. Finish the following statements: 1. All living things. 2. All living things. 3. All living things.. 4. All living things. 5. All living things. 6. All living things. 1.

Finish the following statements: 1. Have 1 or more cells 2. Inside the cells are DNA 3. Need energy 4. To grow and develop 5. To reproduce 6. To sense and respond to change

Which of the 6 characteristics of living things does this diagram represent? 2. BABYCHILDADULT

Which of the 6 characteristics of living things does this diagram represent? A: Living Things Grow and Develop

List the 4 basic needs of every living organism. 1. 2. 3. 4. 3.

List the 4 basic needs of every living organism. A: 1. Food, 2. Water, 3. Air, and 4.A place to live

List the 5 building blocks of life. (HINT: Think about the things that help to make us and give us nutrients). 4.

List the 5 building blocks of life. A: PLANC Proteins, Lipids, ATP, Nucleic Acids, Carbohydrates

The hot weather causes a person to sweat. What is the stimulus in this scenario? 5.

The hot weather causes a person to sweat. What is the stimulus in this scenario? A: The hot weather

6. The cold weather causes a person to shiver. What is your body trying to maintain?

The cold weather causes a person to shiver. What is your body trying to maintain? A: Homeostasis

7. The cold weather causes Goosebumps. Which of the 6 characteristics of living things does this scenario represent?

The cold weather causes Goosebumps. Which of the 6 characteristics of living things does this scenario represent? A: Living things sense and respond to change.

Only one parent produces offspring identical to itself. This is an example of _______ reproduction. 8.

Only one parent produces offspring identical to itself. This is an example of asexual reproduction.

9. Which molecule is shown here?

Which molecule is shown here? A: Phospholipid

10. Which cell part do these molecules form?

Which cell part do these molecules form? A: Cell Membrane

You look similar to your father and your sister because of __________. 11.

You look similar to your father and your sister because of heredity.

What is the basic unit of life? 12

What is the basic unit of life? A: The Cell

In one (1) word, what is ATP? 13

In one (1) word, what is ATP? A: energy

List the two building blocks of cells that are used as a source of energy and for energy storage. 14.

List the two building blocks of cells that are used as a source of energy and for energy storage. A: Lipids and Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates and lipids have a similar function in the cell. How are they different from one another? 15.

Carbohydrates and lipids have a similar function in the cell. How are they different from one another? A: Lipids are fats & oils; carbohydrates are sugars

These are the building blocks of proteins. 16.

These are the building blocks of proteins. A: Amino Acids

Organisms are grouped based on how they get food. List the 3 groups. 17.

Organisms are grouped based on how they get food. List the 3 groups. A: Producer, Consumer, and Decomposer

This is the term for all chemical activities that an organism performs, such as breaking down food. 18.

This is the term for all chemical activities that an organism performs, such as breaking down food. A: Metabolism

A cow gives birth to a baby calf. This is an example of which of the 6 characteristics of living things? 19.

A cow gives birth to a baby calf. This is an example of which of the 6 characteristics of living things? A: Living things reproduce

A cat is hungry, so it eats a rat. List 2 characteristics of living things that this scenario represents. 20.

A cat is hungry, so it eats a rat. List 2 characteristics of living things that this scenario represents. A: (1) Sense and respond to change & (2) use energy

A cat is hungry, so it eats a rat. Based on how the cat gets its food, the cat is example of a ________. 21.

A cat is hungry, so it eats a rat. Based on how the cat gets its food, the cat is example of a consumer.

________ has several functions, including helping cells do their job, protecting cells, building and repairing body structures, and speeding up chemical reactions. 24.

Protein has several functions, including helping cells do their job, protecting cells, building and repairing body structures, and speeding up chemical reactions.

Our bodies break down carbohydrates and lipids into this useable form of energy. 22.

Our bodies break down carbohydrates and lipids into this useable form of energy. A: ATP

MATCHING 1. Proteins 2. Lipids 3. ATP 4. Nucleic Acid 5. Carbohydrates A. source of energy; energy storage (Use 2x) B. Blueprint of Life because it tells the cell how to make proteins C. energy used for the cells activites D. protect cell; build/repair cell structures; speed up chemical reactions 25.

1. D= Proteins protect cell; build/repair cell structures; speed up chemical reactions 2. A= Lipids source of energy; energy storage 3. C= ATP energy used for the cells activites 4. B= Nucleic Acid Blueprint of Life because it tells the cell how to make proteins 5. A= Carbohydrates source of energy; used for energy storage

The Cell in Action

Photosynthesis Why do plant cells go through photosynthesis? A: To make _________. 1.

Photosynthesis Why do plant cells go through photosynthesis? A: To make Food.

The Cell The life cycle of a cell is known as the ____ _____. 2.

The Cell The life cycle of a cell is known as the CELL CYCLE.

The Cell In the diagram below, which way would the particles move to reach equilibrium? 3. =molecules =Cell

The Cell In the diagram below, which way would the particles move to reach equilibrium? A: Inside 6 molecules inside, 6 molecules outside

Photosynthesis What are the products of photosynthesis (end result)? 4.

Photosynthesis What are the products of photosynthesis (end result)? A: GLUCOSE (FOOD) & OXYGEN (O 2 )

Photosynthesis What is the name of the pigment found in plant cells that allows photosynthesis to occur? And where is it found (be specific)? ( 2 answers required) 4

Photosynthesis What is the name of the pigment found in plant cells that allows photosynthesis to occur? And where is it found (be specific)? CHLOROPHYLL, CHLOROPLAST

Photosynthesis What kind of organisms do photosynthesis? 5.

Photosynthesis What kind of organisms do photosynthesis? PLANTS, ALGAE

Photosynthesis In which organelle does photosynthesis take place? 6

Photosynthesis In which organelle does photosynthesis take place? A: CHLOROPLAST

Photosynthesis What is the formula for photosynthesis (numbers)? 7

Photosynthesis What is the formula for photosynthesis (numbers)? 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY (light) C6H12O6 + 6O2

Cellular Respiration Why do cells go through cellular respiration? A: To make _________. 8.

Cellular Respiration Why do cells go through cellular respiration? A: To make ENERGY.

Cellular Respiration Cells break down _______ in order to get energy (ATP). 9.

Cellular Respiration Cells break down GLUCOSE (FOOD) in order to get energy (ATP).

Cellular Respiration What are the products of cellular respiration? 10

Cellular Respiration What are the products of cellular respiration? A: CO 2, H2O and ATP Energy

Cellular Respiration In which organelle does cellular respiration take place? 11

Cellular Respiration In which organelle does cellular respiration take place? A: MITOCHONDRIA

Cellular Respiration What is the formula for cellular respiration (numbers)? 12.

Cellular Respiration What is the formula for cellular respiration? C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy(ATP)

Cellular Respiration In addition to cellular respiration, what is name of the process that allows cells to get energy by breaking down food? 13.

Cellular Respiration In addition to cellular respiration, what is name of the other process that allows cells to get energy by breaking down food? A: FERMENTATION

Fermentation What is the waste product produced during fermentation? 14.

Fermentation What is the waste product produced during fermentation? A: LACTIC ACID

Fermentation How does fermentation differ from cellular respiration? 15.

Fermentation How does fermentation differ from cellular respiration? A: NO OXYGEN IS REQUIRED

Cell Processes In the passive transport process of ______, water particles move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. 16.

Cell Processes In the passive transport process of OSMOSIS, water particles move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.

Cell Processes When particles move through a membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration and require energy, this is an example of _____ ______. 17.

Cell Processes When particles move through a membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration and require energy, this is an example of ACTIVE TRANSPORT.

Cell Processes In the passive transport process of ______, particles move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. 18.

Cell Processes In the passive transport process of DIFFUSION, particles move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.

Cell Processes Organisms must be able to obtain energy and raw materials in order to survive. In order to bring some raw materials into the cell, the cell uses energy and goes through the process of _________. 19.

Cell Processes Organisms must be able to obtain energy and raw materials in order to survive. In order to bring some raw materials into the cell, the cell uses energy and goes through the process of ENDOCYTOSIS.

Cell Processes In order to get rid of some waste particles, the cell uses energy and goes through the process of _________. 20.

Cell Processes In order to get rid of some waste particles, the cell uses energy and goes through the process of EXOCYTOSIS.

Cell Reproduction How many cells are produced at the end of mitosis? 21.

Cell Reproduction How many cells are produced at the end of mitosis? A: 2 new cells

Cell Reproduction If the parent cell has 58 chromosomes, how many chromosomes does each daughter cell have at the end of mitosis? 22

Cell Reproduction If the parent cell has 58 chromosomes, how many chromosomes does each daughter cell have at the end of mitosis? A: 58 chromosomes

The Cell What two processes take place in the mitochondria? 23

The Cell What two processes take place in the mitochondria? A: CELLULAR RESPIRATION, FERMENTATION

The Cell Eukaryotic cells contain more ______ than prokaryotic cells. 24

The Cell Eukaryotic cells contain more DNA than prokaryotic cells.

The Cell Do more complex organisms contain more chromosomes than less complex organisms? 25

The Cell Do more complex organisms contain more chromosomes than less complex organisms? A: NO (a potato contains more chromosomes than humans)

The Cell Write the three (3) stages of the eukaryotic cell cycle. 26

The Cell Write the three (3) stages of the eukaryotic cell cycle. A: INTERPHASE, MITOSIS, CYTOKINESIS

The Cell What is the process of cell division in prokaryotic cells called? 27

The Cell What is the process of cell division in prokaryotic cells called? A: BINARY FISSION

Cell Processes These are the 3 steps for which process? Large particles that must leave the cell are packaged in vesicles The vesicle travels to the cell membrane and fuses with it. The cell releases the particle to the outside of the cell. 28

Cell Processes These are the 3 steps for which process? Large particles that must leave the cell are packaged in vesicles The vesicle travels to the cell membrane and fuses with it. The cell releases the particle to the outside of the cell A: EXOCYTOSIS

Cell Processes In the Naked Egg experiment, what term explains why the egg did not burst after sitting in water for 24 hours? 29.

Cell Processes In the Naked Egg experiment, what term explains why the egg did not burst after sitting in water for 24 hours? A: Equilibrium

Cell Processes These are the 3 steps for which process? The cell comes into contact with a particle The cell membrane begins to wrap around the particle Once the particle is completely surrounded, a vesicle pinches off to bring the particle into the cell 30.

Cell Processes These are the 3 steps for which process? The cell comes into contact with a particle The cell membrane begins to wrap around the particle Once the particle is completely surrounded, a vesicle pinches off to bring the particle into the cell A: ENDOCYTOSIS

Fermentation Yeast forms _______________ during fermentation. 30.

Fermentation Yeast forms ______ during fermentation. A: Carbon Dioxide- The bubbles of CO2 gas cause the dough to rise and leave small holes in the bread.

Photosynthesis Plant cells have molecules that absorb light energy. These molecules are called________. 31.

Photosynthesis Plant cells have molecules that absorb light energy. These molecules are called________. A: Pigment

Mitosis What are the four phases of mitosis? (MUST BE IN THE CORRECT ORDER) 32.

Mitosis What are the four phases of mitosis? (MUST BE IN THE CORRECT ORDER) A: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Mitosis In which phase of mitosis does the chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell? (List the phase # and phase name)

Mitosis A: Mitosis Phase 3 (Anaphase)

Mitosis In what phase does the nuclear membrane dissolve, and paired chromatids align at the cells equator? (List the phase # and phase name)

Mitosis A: Mitosis Phase 2 (Metaphase)

List the 3 parts to the Cell Theory 2

2 - Answer 1.The cell is the basic unit of life 2.All living things are made of 1 or more cells 3.All cells come from existing cells

The cell would collapse without this structure. 4

A: The Cytoskeleton 4

5 In 1665, ____________ looked under his microscope to see _____ cells. Fill in both Blanks.

5 A: In 1665, Robert Hooke looked under his microscope to see cork cells. 5 - Answer

6 What organelle allows plants (and some protists) to make their own food?

6-Answer What organelle allows plants (and some protists) to make their own food? A: The Chloroplast

Carbohydrates and Lipids are converted to ATP in this organelle. 7

A. Mitochondria 7-Answer

8 What organelles are in this cell that you would not find in an animal cell?

8-Answer What organelles are in this cell that you would not find in an animal cell? Vacuole Chloroplasts Cell Wall

9 What are the 3 benefits of being multicellular?

9-Answer What are the 3 benefits of being multicellular? A: Larger Size, Longer Life, Specialization

Starting with the organelle, list the 6 levels of organization for multicellular organisms. 10

10 - Answer 1.Organelle 2.Cell 3.Tissue 4.Organ 5.Organ System 6.Organism

What are the green dots shown in this magnified image of the Elodea Plant? 11

What are the green dots shown in this magnified image of the Elodea Plant? A: Chloroplasts 11-Answer Elodea at 400x

List the two basic types of cells. 12

List the two basic types of cells. A: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic 12-Answer

This type of cell has no nucleus or membrane- bound organelles 13

This type of cell has no nucleus or membrane- bound organelles A: Prokaryotic 13-Answer

List the 3 scientists that helped develop the cell theory. 14

List the 3 scientists that helped develop the cell theory. A: Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow 14-Answer

The rough ER is rough, because it contains_____________ 15

The rough ER is rough, because it contains_____________ A: Ribosomes 15 - Answer

________& _________ helped to develop the earliest microscope 16

________& _________ helped to develop the earliest microscope A: Hooke, Leeuwenhoek 16 - Answer

Muscle cells contain more of this organelle than fat cells because they require more energy. 17

Muscle cells contain more of this organelle than fat cells because they require more energy. A: Mitochondria 17 - Answer

If this organelle does not contain enough water, a plant will wilt. 18

If this organelle does not contain enough water, a plant will wilt. A: Vacuole 18-Answer

This is only found in plant cells. It is the outermost layer that gives a plant cell structure and support. 19a

This is only found in plant cells. It is the outermost layer that gives a plant cell structure and support. A: Cell Wall 19a - Answer

What is the name of the complex sugar that makes up cell walls in plants? 19b

What is the name of the complex sugar that makes up cell walls in plants? A: Cellulose 19b - Answer

Plants, Animals, Protists, and Fungi are organisms that contain these types of cells that have a nucleus and membrane- bound organelles. 20

Plants, Animals, Protists, and Fungi are organisms that contain these types of cells that have a nucleus and membrane- bound organelles. A. Eukaryotic Cells 20 - Answer

Our bodies break down carbohydrates and lipids into this useable form of energy. 21

Our bodies break down carbohydrates and lipids into this useable form of energy. A: ATP 21 - Answer

This is made in the ribosomes. 22

This is made in the ribosomes. A: Protein 22 - Answer

Cells that are like each other and do the same job form______________ 23

Cells that are like each other and do the same job form______________ A. Tissues 23 - Answer

Tissues that work together to do a specialized job form a(n) __________ 23a

Tissues that work together to do a specialized job form a(n) __________ A. Organ 23a - Answer

Organs that work together to perform body functions form a(n) __________. 23b

Organs that work together to perform body functions form a(n) __________ A. Organ System 23b - Answer

Identify the organelle: 24

Identify the organelle: 24 Nucleus

Identify the organelle: 25 Golgi Complex

Identify the organelle: 26 (green)

Identify the organelle: 26 Chloroplast

Identify the organelle: 27 Ribosome

Identify the organelle: 28 Vacuole

Identify the organelle: 29 Endoplasmic Reticulum

List the 6 characteristics of living things. 30

30 - Answer List the 6 characteristics of living things. 1.Have 1 or more cells 2.Have DNA 3.Need energy 4.To grow and develop 5.To reproduce 6.To sense and respond to change

What are two examples of a prokaryotic cell? 31

Chapter 5 (Sections 1 & 2) Heredity Review Game

An organism with two dominant alleles or two recessive alleles is called ______________. (Write both terms) 1

An organism with two dominant alleles or two recessive alleles is called homozygous OR purebred. 1 - Answer

A feature that has different forms in a population is called a ______________. 2

A feature that has different forms in a population is called a characteristic. 2 - Answer

Who is the scientist that studied pea plants to determine how traits are passed from parents to offspring? (First and Last Name) 3

Who is the scientist that studied pea plants to determine how traits are passed from parents to offspring? A: Gregor Mendel 3 - Answer

Draw a punnett square labeled like this: Male Female 4

Fill in your punnett square for the following scenario: 4

A zoo keeper wants to know the chance that a baby giraffe will have a long neck. The mom is heterozygous for a long neck, and the dad is homozygous for a short neck. Use L and l to represent the alleles. 4

Your punnett square should look like this: Male Female l l l l Ll ll 4 - Answer

Look at your punnett square. What is the probability that the baby giraffe will be a purebred? Write the genotype(s) of the purebred offspring. 5

Look at your punnett square. What is the probability that the baby giraffe will be a purebred? A: 50%, or 2 out of 4 (ll) 5 - Answer

List the 4 exceptions to Mendels findings. 6

4 exceptions: 1.Incomplete dominance 2.One gene influences many traits 3.Many genes influence one trait 4.Environmental Factors 6 - Answer

A purebred blue flower and a purebred yellow flower are crossed. All of the offspring are green. This is an example of what? 7

A purebred blue flower and a purebred yellow flower are crossed. All of the offspring are green. This is an example of what? Incomplete Dominance 7 - Answer

If this couple has 4 kids, will 3 of them definitely have brown hair and 1 definitely have blond hair? Explain. Female Male B = Brown hair b = blond hair B b B b BB Bb bb 8

If this couple has 4 kids, will 3 of them definitely have brown hair and 1 definitely have blond hair? A: No, this is the probability for each child. Male Female B = Brown hair b = blond hair B b B b BB Bb bb 8 - Answer

List the possible genotypes and phenotypes of this couples children. List genotypes first and then the phenotype. Female Male B = Brown hair b = blond hair B b B b BB Bb bb 9

Genotype Phenotype 9 Cont. Label your board like this: **Make sure the genotype matches the proper phenotype!

Genotype Phenotype BB Brown hair Bb Brown hair bb Blond hair Female Male B = Brown hair b = Blond hair B b B b BB Bb bb 9 - Answer

What is the probability that this couple will have a hybrid child? List the genotype(s) of the hybrid offspring. Female Male B = Brown hair b = blond hair B b B b BB Bb bb 10

What is the probability that this couple will have a hybrid child? List the genotype(s) of the hybrid offspring. A: 50% - Bb, Bb Male Female B = Brown hair b = blond hair B b B b BB Bb bb 10 - Answer

What are two examples of a prokaryotic cell? A: Bacteria or Archaea 31 - Answer

A child with albinism has skin without pigment and blue eyes. Both of these traits are determined by one set of instructions. This is an example of which exception to Mendels findings? 11

An child with albinism has skin without pigment and blue eyes. Both of these traits are determined by one set of instructions. This is an example of which exception to Mendels findings? A: One gene, many traits 11 - Answer

What is the name of the trait that always shows up, if it is present? 12

What is the name of the trait that always shows up, if it is present? A: Dominant 12 - Answer

What is the only combination of alleles that will show the recessive trait? (You must write all the terms that apply) 13

What is the only combination of alleles that will show the recessive trait? A: homozygous recessive OR purebred recessive 13 - Answer

What would you call an organism that shows the dominant trait? List all possibilities. 14

What would you call an organism that shows the dominant trait? List all possibilities. A: Homozygous dominant (purebred dominant) and heterozygous (or hybrid) 14 - Answer

Using the letter R to represent an allele, list the 3 possible combinations of alleles. 15

Using the letter R to represent an allele, list the 3 possible combinations of alleles. A: RR, Rr, rr 15 - Answer

Kim has curly hair which is a recessive trait (h). What is Kims phenotype? 16

Kim has curly hair which is a recessive trait (h). What is Kims phenotype? A: curly hair 16 - Answer

Kim has curly hair which is a recessive trait (h). What is Kims genotype? 17

Kim has curly hair which is a recessive trait (h). What is Kims genotype? A: hh 17 - Answer

Curly haired Kim falls in love with homozygous Henry who has straight hair (H). Will any of their children be purebred? 18

A: No. 100% of their children will be hybrid and will have straight hair. Kim Henry H = Straight hair h = curly hair h h H HHh 18 - Answer Hh

In Mendels experiments, what percent of the offspring in the first generation showed the dominant trait? 19

In Mendels experiments, what percent of the offspring in the first generation showed the dominant trait? A: 100% - all of the offspring were purple 19 - Answer

In Mendels experiments, what percent of the offspring in the first generation carried the recessive allele? 20

In Mendels experiments, what percent of the offspring in the first generation carried the recessive allele? A: 100% - All of the plants had the genotype Pp, and p is the recessive allele 20 - Answer

Different forms of a characteristic are called ________. 21

Different forms of a characteristic are called traits. 21 - Answer

What is heredity? 23

What is heredity? A: Traits passing from parents to offspring 23 - Answer

The allele for freckles is (f). Suppose two non- freckled parents have 4 non-freckled children and 1 freckled child. What are the genotypes of the parents? 24

A: Since both parents have no freckles, there are only 2 possible combinations: FF or Ff. Both parents have to be heterozygous (Ff) in order to have a child that has shows the recessive trait of freckles. Male Female F = No freckles f = freckles F f F fff Ff 24 - Answer Ff FF

A: If either parent is homozygous dominant (FF), all children would show the dominant trait of no freckles. Male Female F = No freckles f = freckles F F F fFf FF 24 Answer, cont. Ff FF

REVIEW BEFORE THE GAME

MEIOSIS What type of cells are produced? How many cells are produced at the end of this process? Trick: mEioSis E=egg and S=sperm Eggs and sperm are sex cells

MEIOSIS What type of cells are produced? Sex cells How many cells are produced at the end of this process? 4 Trick: mEioSis E=egg and S=sperm Eggs and sperm are sex cells

MEIOSIS This term refers to the number of chromosomes in the parent cell at the BEGINNING of the process. This term refers to the number of chromosomes in each cell at the END of the process.

MEIOSIS This term refers to the number of chromosomes in the parent cell at the BEGINNING of the process. Diploid This term refers to the number of chromosomes in each cell at the END of the process. Haploid

MITOSIS Which cells in your body are produced by this process? How many cells are produced at the end of this process? Trick: MITosis Makes It Two

MITOSIS Which cells in your body are produced by this process? Most of the cells in your body (except sex cells) How many cells are produced at the end of this process? 2 Trick: MITosis Makes It Two

MITOSIS This term refers to the number of chromosomes in the parent cell at the BEGINNING of the process. This term refers to the number of chromosomes in each cell at the END of the process.

MITOSIS This term refers to the number of chromosomes in the parent cell at the BEGINNING of the process. Diploid This term refers to the number of chromosomes in each cell at the END of the process. Diploid

SELECTIVE BREEDING gentle, intelligent and family-friendly Labrador Retriever hypoallergenic coat may reduce allergic reactions Poodle

SELECTIVE BREEDING LABRADOODLE gentle, intelligent and family-friendly hypoallergenic coat AND

GENETIC ENGINEERING Scientists can manipulate individual genes. They do not select organisms and breed them. They take out DNA from one organism and insert it into the cells of another. In this example, scientists added a gene from fireflies to this plant which causes it to grow.

DNA Fingerprinting Unique patterns in an individuals DNA Can be used as evidence in crime scenes Identifies family relations or herditary diseases

PEDIGREES Know how to read and interpret a pedigree. You should be able to identify: Males and Females Who has a recessive trait, who is a carrier, and who does not have the trait The genotype for each person

PEDIGREES

DNA What does the base-pair rule state? If 40% of the DNA is guanine, what percent is: Cytosine? Thymine? Adenine?

DNA What does the base-pair rule state? The amount of adenine = thymine and the amount of cytosine = guanine If 40% of the DNA is guanine, what percent is: Cytosine? (40%) Thymine? (10%) Adenine? (10%)

DNA ANSWER: T A C C G A T T G A T G G C T A A C

Chapter 5 (Section 3) & Chapter 6 Genes and DNA Review Game

This is the process by which most of the cells in your body reproduce.

A: Mitosis

How many cells are produced at the end of meiosis?

This term refers to the number of chromosomes found in cells at the end of mitosis.

A: Diploid (A full set)

The parent cell of an organism has 22 pairs of chromosomes. 1) What is the diploid number? 2) What is the haploid number?

The parent cell of an organism has 22 pairs of chromosomes. 1) What is the diploid number? A: 44 2) What is the haploid number? A: 22

This term refers to the number of chromosomes found in cells at the end of meiosis.

A: Haploid

What kind of chromosomes determine a persons gender?

A: Sex Chromosomes

1)Which sex chromosomes does a female carry? 2)Which sex chromosomes does a male carry?

1)Which sex chromosomes does a female carry? A.XX 2)Which sex chromosomes does a male carry? A.XY

Who determines a childs sex: the male or the female?

Who determines a childs sex? The male or the female? A: Male (because females can only pass on an X chromosome. Males can pass on either an X or a Y, and whichever chromosome the male passes on will determine the sex)

An organism has 30 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would its sperm or eggs have?

A dog breeder crosses a poodle with a lab in order to have dogs that do not shed. This is an example of what?

A: Selective Breeding

What is the molecule in the cell that contains the information for protein production?

A: DNA

Describe the shape of DNA (2 ways).

A: double helix, or a twisted ladder

What are the subunits of DNA?

A: Nucleotides

What are the three components that make up a nucleotide?

A: A base, a sugar, and a phosphate

Using their first letters, list the four bases found in DNA.

A: A, T, C, & G

What is the rule that states that A always pairs with T, and C always pairs with G?

A: Base-Pair Rule

What scientist discovered that the amount of adenine always equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of cytosine always equals the amount of guanine?

A: Erwin Chargaff

Who was the 1 st scientist to produce images of DNA molecules using X-ray diffraction?

A: Rosalind Franklin

Who were the 2 scientists who developed the first model of DNA?

A: James Watson and Francis Crick

Write down the complementary strand for this sequence of bases. A C C T A G

Write down the complementary strand for this sequence of bases. A C C T A G T G G A T C

List the 3 kinds of mutations that can occur when DNA is copied.

A: Deletion, Insertion, and Substitution

What kind of mutation has taken place?

A: Insertion

What kind of mutation has taken place?

A: Substitution

Since DNA cant fit through the nuclear pores, _____ takes the message from the DNA out to the cell.

Since DNA cant fit through the nuclear pores, _____ takes the message from the DNA out to the cell? A: RNA

What base does RNA have that DNA does not?

A: Uracil

What base does DNA have that RNA does not?

A: Thymine

This tool is used to detect traits that are passed down through generations.

A: Pedigree

1.Draw a male with the trait 2.Using the letter F, write his genotype. Practice with Pedigrees (we are tracking a recessive trait)

1.Draw a male who has the trait 2.Using the letter F, write his genotype. A: ff Practice with Pedigrees (we are tracking a recessive trait)

1.Draw a female carrier of the trait 2.Using the letter F, write her genotype. 3.Does she have the trait? Practice with Pedigrees (we are tracking a recessive trait)

1.Draw a female carrier of the trait 2.Using the letter F, write her genotype. A: Ff 3.Does she have the trait? A: No Practice with Pedigrees (we are tracking a recessive trait)

This shape is in a pedigree: Would you conclude that this is a sex-linked trait? Practice with Pedigrees (we are tracking a recessive trait)

This shape is in a pedigree: Would you conclude that this is a sex-linked trait? A: No, males cant be carriers of sex-linked traits Practice with Pedigrees (we are tracking a recessive trait)

Scientists added genes from a firefly to a tobacco plant which caused the plant to glow. This type of manipulation is known as ________ ________.

Scientists added genes from a firefly to a tobacco plant which caused the plant to glow. This type of manipulation is known as genetic engineering.

This is the term for a new organism that has an exact copy of another organisms genes.

A: Clone

This is the process that identifies the unique patterns in a persons DNA. It can be helpful in many areas, including solving crimes and identifying hereditary diseases.

The division of organisms into groups or classes based on characteristics is _______________.

A: Classification

What system based on shared characteristics is used to classify organisms? A: An ____-level system

What system based on shared characteristics is used to classify organisms? A: An eight-level system

Who is considered the father of the modern system of naming and classification?

A: Carolus Linneaus

What is this 2-part naming system called?

A: Binomial Nomenclature

What are the two parts to a scientific name?

A: Genus and species

What branch of science did Linneaus help develop?

A: Taxonomy

Into which two groups did scientists originally classify all living things?

A: Plants and Animals

The jaguar (Panthera onca), the lion (Panthera leo), and the tiger (Panthera tigris) are different species, but they share the same _______.

A: Genus

Since the jaguar and the tiger are members of different species, what are they unable to do?

A: Mate to produce fertile offspring

Which animals have color vision?

Which animal has a much larger brain but is not bipedal?

How many levels of classification are there?

List the 8 levels of classification in order from most specific to most general.

A: Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Domain

How many domains are there today?

List the 3 domains.

A: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya

How many kingdoms are there today?

List the 6 kingdoms.

List the kingdoms. A: Archaeabacteria, Eubacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

To which kingdom would these organisms belong: Slime mold, paramecium, and amoeba

To which kingdom would these organisms belong: Slime mold, paramecium, and amoeba A: Kingdom Protista

To which kingdom would this organism belong: A complex multicellular organism that absorbs nutrients from its surroundings.

To which kingdom would this organism belong: A complex multicellular organism that absorbs nutrients from its surroundings. A: Kingdom Fungi

To which kingdom would this organism belong: A prokaryote that lives in extreme environments

To which kingdom would this organism belong: A prokaryote that lives in extreme environments A: Kingdom Archaeabacteria

To which kingdom would this organism belong: A prokaryote that can either be cocci, spirilla, or bacilli.

To which kingdom would this organism belong: A prokaryote that can either be cocci, spirilla, or bacilli. A: Kingdom Eubacteria

To which kingdom would this organism belong: A complex multicellular heterotroph that usually moves, responds to its environment using specialized sense organs, and reproduces sexually.

To which kingdom would this organism belong: A complex multicellular heterotroph that usually moves, responds to its environment using specialized sense organs, and reproduces sexually. A: Kingdom Animalia

Kingdom Animalia is subdivided into 2 phyla. Name the 2 phyla.

Kingdom Animalia is subdivided into 2 phyla. Name the 2 phyla. A: invertebrates and vertebrates

To which kingdom would this organism belong: A eukaryote that can perform photosynthesis and whose cells have cell walls.

To which kingdom would this organism belong: A eukaryote that can perform photosynthesis and whose cells have cell walls. A: Kingdom Plantae

Why are organisms in the Kingdom Fungi not classified as plants?

A: They cant do photosynthesis

What tool would you use to help you identify an organism that you did not know?

A: Dichotomous Key

After looking at a dichotomous key, you have identified a domestic dog as Canis lupus. What is the dogs species name?

After looking at a dichotomous key, you have identified a domestic dog as Canis lupus. What is the dogs species name? A: lupus

After looking at a dichotomous key, you have identified a domestic dog as Canis lupus. What is the dogs genus?

A: Canis

Why did scientists develop new domains and kingdoms?

A: New organisms were discovered

What does a dichotomous key consist of?

A: A series of paired statements.

List 1 organism found in this kingdom. KingdomOrganism found in the Kingdom Archaeabacteria

List 1 organism found in this kingdom. KingdomOrganism found in the Kingdom ArchaeabacteriaHeat lovers, Salt lovers, Methane makers

List 1 organism found in this kingdom. KingdomOrganism found in the Kingdom Eubacteria

List 1 organism found in this kingdom. KingdomOrganism found in the Kingdom EubacteriaCocci/Bacilli/Spirilla

List 1 organism found in this kingdom. KingdomOrganism found in the Kingdom Protista

List 1 organism found in this kingdom. KingdomOrganism found in the Kingdom ProtistaProtozoans, Algae, Slime Molds, Euglenoids, Paramecium, Amoeba

List 1 organism found in this kingdom. KingdomOrganism found in the Kingdom Fungi

List 1 organism found in this kingdom. KingdomOrganism found in the Kingdom FungiThreadlike mold, Sac Fungi, Club Fungi Imperfect Fungi

List 1 organism found in this kingdom. KingdomOrganism found in the Kingdom Plant

List 1 organism found in this kingdom. KingdomOrganism found in the Kingdom PlantFlower, Tree

List 1 organism found in each of the 6 kingdoms. KingdomOrganism found in the Kingdom Animal

List 1 organism found in each of the 6 kingdoms. KingdomOrganism found in the Kingdom AnimalBirds, Dogs, Eagles

Chapter 18 Review Ecology

List the 5 levels of environmental organization, in order, from the first level to the fifth. 1

A: Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere 1

Mutualism, Commensalism, and Parasitism are all types of _________ relationships. 2

Mutualism, Commensalism, and Parasitism are all types of symbiotic relationships. 2

A mouse is a consumer who feeds on berries and insects. This type of consumer is called a(n) _________. 3

A mouse is a consumer who feeds on berries and insects. This type of consumer is called a(n) omnivore. 3

A tiger is chasing down a zebra for dinner. What term describes the tigers role in this scenario? 4

A: Predator 4

5 A tiger is chasing down a zebra for dinner. What term describes the zebras role in this scenario?

5 A: Prey

6 Elephants feed on grasses, small plants, bushes, fruit, tree bark, and roots. An elephant is what type of consumer?

6 Elephants who feed on grasses, small plants, bushes, fruit, tree bark, and roots. An elephant is what type of consumer? A: Herbivore

Tapeworms are obtained by ingesting contaminated food or water. When the tapeworm enters your body, it benefits from the substances in your intestines while you are harmed. What term describes the symbiotic relationship between you and the tapeworm? 7

Symbiotic relationship between the tapeworm and you: A: Parasitism 7

8 What is the term for the diagram below?

8 A: Food Web

8a What do the arrows in this diagram show?

8a A: How energy moves when one organism eats another.

9 What is the term for the diagram below?

9 A: Food Chain

Wolves in Yellowstone feed on elk, cows, and sheep. What term describes the elk, cows, and sheep? 10

Wolves in Yellowstone feed on elk, cows, and sheep. What term describes the elk, cows, and sheep? A: Prey 10

A tick bird eats the ticks on a rhinoceros, and the rhinoceros is cleaned of ticks. What describes the symbiotic relationship between the tick bird and the rhinoceros? 11a

A tick bird eats the ticks on a rhinoceros, and the rhinoceros is cleaned of ticks. What describes the symbiotic relationship between the tick bird and the rhinoceros? A: Mutualism 11a

A tick bird eats the ticks on a rhinoceros, and the rhinoceros is cleaned of ticks. What describes the symbiotic relationship between the tick and the rhinoceros? 11b

A tick bird eats the ticks on a rhinoceros, and the rhinoceros is cleaned of ticks. What describes the symbiotic relationship between the tick and the rhinoceros? A: Parasitism 11b

A T. rex fed only on other dinosaurs. What type of consumer describes a T. rex? 12

A T. rex fed only on other dinosaurs. What type of consumer describes a T. rex? A: Carnivore 12

Organisms that obtain energy by making their own food using the sunlight are called __________. 13

Organisms that obtain energy by making their own food using the sunlight are called producers. 13

Rocks, water, sunlight and temperature are all types of _________ factors. 14

Rocks, water, sunlight and temperature are all types of abiotic factors. 14

What is the lowest level of environmental organization that all of the following things could belong to? Owls, trees, bacteria, mice, hawks, and snakes. 15

What is the lowest level of environmental organization that all of the following things could belong to? Owls, trees, bacteria, mice, hawks, and snakes. A: Community 15

Barnacles attach to whales and get a habitat and a source of nutrients. The whale neither benefits nor is harmed. What term describes the symbiotic relationship between the whale and the barnacle? 16

Barnacles attach to whales and get a habitat and a source of nutrients. The whale neither benefits nor is harmed. What term describes the symbiotic relationship between the whale and the barnacle? A: Commensalism 16

List the three terms that describe the ways organisms obtain energy. 17

List the three terms that describe the ways organisms obtain energy. A: Producer, Consumer, Decomposer 17

What is the lowest level of environmental organization that hundreds of hawks belong to? 18

What is the lowest level of environmental organization that hundreds of hawks belong to? A: Population (because they are all members of the same species. 18

What term describes the level of environmental organization that encompasses both the living and nonliving environment of a community? 19

What term describes the level of environmental organization that encompasses both the living and nonliving environment of a community? A: Ecosystem 19

This is the study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with their environment. 20

This is the study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with their environment. A: Ecology 20

Because grass is a finite resource, the population of elk can not grow beyond a certain point. What term describes the grass in this scenario? 21

Because grass is a finite resource, the population of elk can not grow beyond a certain point. What term describes the grass in this scenario? A: Limiting Factor 21

The _______ _______ describes the largest population that an environment can support at any giving time. 22

The carrying capacity describes the largest population that an environment can support at any giving time. 22

What is the name of a diagram that shows an ecosystems loss of energy as a result of energy passing through the ecosystems food chain? 23

What is the name of a diagram that shows an ecosystems loss of energy as a result of energy passing through the ecosystems food chain? A: Energy Pyramid 23

This describes the part of the Earth where life exists. It is also the highest level of environmental organization. 24

This describes the part of the Earth where life exists. It is also the highest level of environmental organization. A: Biosphere 24

On a farm, chickens, cows, grass, pigs, and humans are all examples of ______ factors. 25

On a farm, chickens, cows, grass, pigs, and humans are all examples of biotic factors. 25

Organisms that get energy by breaking down dead organisms and recycling nutrients back into the environment are considered to be __________. 26

Organisms that get energy by breaking down dead organisms and recycling nutrients back into the environment are considered to be decomposers. 26

What do the populations of wasps, bees, and trees in an area make? 27

What do the populations of wasps, bees, and trees in an area make? A: Community (these are all living things) 27

Trees obtain energy by converting sunlight into food. Trees are an example of a __________. 28

Trees obtain energy by converting sunlight into food. Trees are an example of a producer. 28

Write the formula for photosynthesis. 29

Write the formula for photosynthesis. A: sunlight + CO 2 + H 2 O O 2 + glucose 29

Write the formula for cellular respiration. 30

Write the formula for cellular respiration. A: O 2 + glucose ATP + CO 2 + H 2 O 30

What is the source of energy for almost all living things on Earth? 31

What is the source of energy for almost all living things on Earth? A: The sun 31

List the three types of consumers. 32

List the three types of consumers. A: herbivore, omnivore, carnivore 32

In a food web, which kind of organism will never have an arrow pointing at it? A producer or a consumer? 33

In a food web, which kind of organism will never have an arrow pointing at it? A producer or a consumer? A: producers, because energy comes to it directly from the sun 33

life science review game. all living things must have 6 characteristics in order to be considered...

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