life science chapter 1 flashcards. organism a living thing something that has all of the...
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Life Science Chapter 1 Flashcards
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Organism
A living thing
Something that has all of the characteristics of life
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Cell
The basic unit of life
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Unicellular
An organism that is made up of 1 cell
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Multicellular
Organisms that are made up of more than one cell
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Homeostasis
The ability of an organism to keep internal conditions stable, no matter what is changing in the environment
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What are the characteristics of life?
Response to stimuli Homeostasis
Reproduction
Organized
Use energy
Grow and develop
Adapt and evolve
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What is organization?
Parts do specific jobs to make the whole organism work Atomsorganisms
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What is growth? What is development?
Growth=getting bigger
Development=changes that happen during lifetime
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What is reproduction?
Making babies
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What is stimulus? What is a response?
Stimulus=something that causes a response Ball thrown
Response=the reaction Blinked
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Where does all energy ultimately come from?
The sun Even meat-Animal ate animals that ate plants that got their energy
from the sun
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Binomial nomenclature
2-word naming system for organisms
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Species
Closely related organisms that can mate and have fertile offspring
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Genus
Closely related species
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Dichotomous Key
Tool for identifying organisms 2 options
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Cladogram
Branching diagram showing evolutionary relationships between organisms
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Parts of scientific name
Genus species
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6 Kingdoms
Animalia
Plantae
Fungi
Protista
Archaea
Bacteria
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3 Domains
Eukarya (Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista)
Bacteria (Bacteria)
Archaea (Archaea)
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Why use scientific names?
Universal names
Avoids confusion over organisms
Very specific
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Why is Carolus Linnaeus important?
Kingdoms
Binomial nomenclature
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Classification levels
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
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Scientific names of humans and favorite animal-Write correctly
Homo sapiens
Dracorex hogwartsia
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3 Rules for Scientific Names
1. 1st word capitalized
2. 2nd word lowercase
3. Both names underlined