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NFPA 101      Life Safety Code 2000 to 2012

Doug Hohbein, Chief Plans ExaminerState Fire Marshal Agency

doug.hohbein@nebraska.gov

What & Why?• The Life Safety Code is produced by volunteer

committees following guidelines set by the National Fire Protection Association – NFPA o The Code is published every 3 yearso The Code can be purchased or viewed for free at

www.nfpa.org• CMS has been working on a code update for

several years• Enforcement will begin on November 1st, 2016

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How Does It Work?• The Nebraska State Fire Marshal’s Office works with

HHSS and CMS to survey (inspect) health care facilities across the stateo Hospitals, Nursing Homes, Ambulatory Surgical Centers, etc.

• All nursing homes are surveyed annually by State Fire Marshal staff following CMS procedures

• Hospitals are inspected for a state license by the State Fire Marshal’s Office or Delegated Authorityo The State Fire Marshal’s Office will survey a hospital when

mandated by CMS• Example: Allegation Survey

When?• State approval involves:

o Governoro Attorney Generalo Secretary of Stateo Legislatureo Public Hearing

• Spring/Summer 2017?

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Renovations, Modernizations, etc.

• Under 2000 Code, most construction was required to meet the requirements of New Construction

• The 2012 Code includes Chapter 43, ‘Building Rehabilitation’o Work is placed in one of six categories

• Repair, Renovation, Modification, Reconstruction• Change of Use or Occupancy Classification, Addition

o Major Renovation = >50% or more 4,500 sq. ft. of smoke compartment• Fire sprinkler protection required throughout Major

Renovationo New Section for Historic Buildings

Clinics• Medical Clinics, Ambulatory Care Facilities and

similar occupancies connected to a health care occupancy can be used for diagnostic and treatment of health care inpatients who are capable of self-preservationo Inpatients can receive care at an attached clinic and the

clinic is NOT required to meet the requirements of a health care occupancy when:• The clinic is separated from the health care occupancy

by two-hour fire rated construction and;• The inpatients are capable of self-preservation

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Sliding Doors• The Code now specifically allows sliding doors in a

means of egress

Corridor Projections• 6-inch, non-continuous projections above handrail

height are permitted (screens, ABHR)• Wheeled Equipment permitted in corridors:

o Does not reduce corridor width below 5 feeto The facility fire safety and training plans address the

relocation of carts in an emergencyo Wheeled equipment is limited to:

• Equipment and carts in use• Medical emergency equipment

not in use (isolation, crash)• Patient lift and transport equipment

• NAG (ADA) limits to 4” – CMS willProvide guidance

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Fixed Furniture• Furniture, securely attached to the wall or floor is

permitted in a corridor:o The corridor must be at least 8 feet in widtho The furniture does not reduce the corridor width to less

than 6 feeto Fixed furniture is limited to one side of the corridoro Each ‘group’ of furniture does not exceed 50 sq. ft.o Furniture groupings are separated by at least 10 feeto Fixed furniture shall not obstruct access to building service

and fire protection equipmento Corridors must have smoke detection, OR direct staff

supervision of fixed furniture from a nurse station

Projections Illustrated

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Suites• Suites shall be separated from other spaces by

construction that will limit the passage of smoke and latching doors (corridor construction)

o Doors within suites are not required to latch

Sleeping Suites• Shall have direct supervision of beds (cubicle

curtains permitted) ORo Total smoke detection

• Two exits if >1,000 sq. ft.o One exit can be through an adjacent suite

• Suite size cannot exceed 7,500 sq. ft. Unlesso Direct supervision is provided ando Total smoke detection is provided

• When both are provided, suite size can be up to 10,000 sq. ft.

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Patient Care Non‐Sleeping Suites

• Two exits if >2,500 sq. ft.o One exit is permitted through an adjacent suiteo Travel distance to an exit access door cannot

exceed 100 feeto Total travel distance to an exit cannot exceed

200 feet• Suite cannot exceed 10,000 sq. ft.

Non‐Patient‐Care Suites• Must meet the primary use and occupancy of the

suite (business, storage)

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Alcohol‐Based Hand Rub• Allows aerosol containers (up to 18 oz. ea.)• Must be installed at least 1 inch horizontally from an

ignition source (electrical receptacle) when installed above an ignition source

• Touch-free activation permitted

Cooking Facilities• Four Options

o Option 1: Residential Cooking equipment used for food warming or limited cooking • Not required to be protected with an exhaust

hood or fire suppression system • Not required to be separated from the

corridor• Nutrition station

in a hospital

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Cooking Facilities• Option 2:

o Can be open to corridoro Cooking equipment serves up to 30 residents in one smoke

compartmento An exhaust hood with a fire suppression system meeting UL 300

or UL 300A • A manual release for the fire suppression system• An interlock to shut off all fuel sources when system

activateso Deep-frying is prohibitedo Portable fire extinguishers (Class K) providedo A switch and timer are provided to shut off cooking

equipment when not supervised (120 minutes)o At least 2 smoke alarms are provided spaced at least 20 feet

from the cooking equipment

• Allows ‘home’ type of kitchen design

Cooking Facilities• Option 3:

o Cooking equipment is separated from the corridor by construction that limits the transfer of smoke

o Meet all of the requirements of Option 2 except for the smoke alarms

• Option 4:o Full preparation kitchen with commercial exhaust hood

and fire suppression systemo Must be separated from the corridor by construction that

will resist the passage of smoke

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Fire Sprinklers• Not required in clothes closets in patient sleeping

rooms in hospitals:o The area of the closet does not exceed 6 Sq. Ft.o Spacing of sprinkler heads includes area of closet(s)

• Cubicle Curtainso 18 inches down from ceilingo ½ inch diagonal mesh that provides 70% open area

Roller Latches• LSC permits them; CMS does not

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Delayed‐Egress• The requirement to limit doors having

delayed-egress locking to a single door in a means of egress has been removedo Multiple doors having delayed-egress locks are

now permitted

Corridor Doors• A pair of doors utilizing an inactive leaf shall have

automatic flush bolts on the inactive leaf to provide positive latching

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Exterior Windows• LSC has removed the requirement for exterior

windows from patient rooms• CMS has put the requirement back in the Code

o Exemptions for newborn nurseries and rooms occupied for less than 24 hours

Firewatch• Extended time of fire sprinkler out of service to 10

hours in a 24-hour period• CMS will retain 4 hour out of service requirement for

fire alarm systems

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Door Inspection• Fire rated doors are now required to be

inspected annually• Functional testing of fire door and window

assemblies shall be performed by individuals with knowledge and understanding of the operating components of the type of door being subject to testingo Inspections include door closers, latching, damage,

obstructions (wedges, snow, door swelling etc.)

• Documentation must be kept and provided for authority having jurisdiction upon request

Fireplaces• Direct-Vent gas fireplaces permitted:

o Not in patient roomo Must have a sealed glass fronto Controls must be locked or in a restricted locationo CO detection required in the same room as the fireplace

• Wood-burner permitted:o Separated from patient rooms by one hour fire rated

constructiono 4 inch heartho Tempered glass front can withstand 650 degreeso CO detection required in the same room as the fireplace

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Curtains• Must meet test requirements of NFPA 701• Does NOT apply to:

o Curtains at showers and bathso Patient room windowso Other rooms where the curtains meet both:

• Individual curtain panel does not exceed 48 sq. ft.

• Total area of curtain panels per room or area does not exceed 20% of the aggregate wall area

Combustible Decorations• Labeled as Flame Retardant or treated with an

approved fire retardant coating• Meet NFPA 701 fire test• Meet 100kW test of NFPA 289• Applies to corridors, spaces exposed to corridors

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Combustible Decorations• Photographs, paintings and art attached

directly to walls, ceilings and non-fire rated doors (not required to be flame retardant):o Does not interfere with operation of a dooro Does not exceed 20% of wall, ceiling and door

inside a room that is NOT fire sprinkler protected o Does not exceed 30% of wall, ceiling and door

inside a room that IS fire sprinkler protected o Does not exceed 50% of wall, ceiling and door

inside a patient sleeping room (up to 4 patients) that is fire sprinkler protected

o Applies to walls where items are affixed, not all walls in the room

Recycling Containers• Applies to clean waste, patient records only

o ‘Clean Waste’ defined as bottles, cans, paper and similar items that do not contain grease, oil, flammable liquids or significant plastic materials

o Limited to 96 gallons per containero No limit to the number of containerso Container labeled and listed per FM Approved Standard 6921 or equivalent testing

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Power Strips• Definitions:

o Patient Bed Location• Location of the patient sleeping bed or the bed or procedure

table of a critical care areao Patient-Care-Related Electrical Equipment

• Electrical equipment that is intended to be used for diagnostic, therapeutic, or monitoring purposes in the patient care vicinity

o Patient Care Room• Any room wherein patients are intended to be examined or

treated. Replaces term ‘patient care area’o Patient Care Vicinity

• A space, within a location intended for the examination and treatment of patients (i.e., patient care room) extending 6 ft. beyond the normal location of the bed, chair, table, treadmill, or other device that supports the patient during examination and treatment and extends vertically 7 ft, 6 inches above the floor

Power Strips• Power strips providing power to patient care-related

electrical equipment must be listed per UL 1363A or UL 60601-1 (SPRPT)

• Approved in long-term care that do not use line-operated electrical appliances

• New or renovated patient bed locations must have the minimum number of receptacles

• May NOT be used in patient care vicinity to power non-patient care-related electrical equipment

• MAY be used outside of the patient care vicinity for both patient care-related electrical equipment and non-patient-care-related electrical equipment

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Power Strips• Power strips can be used in patient care vicinity to

power rack, table, pedestal or cart-mounted patient care-related electrical equipment assemblies provided:o The receptacles are permanently attached to the

equipment assemblyo The sum of the ampacity of all appliances connected to

the receptacles shall not exceed 75% of the supplying cord o The integrity of the assembly is verified and documented

through an ongoing maintenance programo Means shall be employed to ensure nonmedical

equipment cannot be connected to the assembly

NFPA 99• Requirements now centered on risk-based

methodology.o 4 Categories with #1 having the highest risk to life.

• New, altered, renovated or modernized HVAC systems must comply with 2008 ASHRAE 170

• New requirements for HVAC commissioning• CMS will require dedicated supply and exhaust

systems for windowless anesthetizing location to automatically vent smoke

• Chapters 7(IT), 8 (Plumbing), 12 (Emergency Management) and 13 (Security) removed by CMS

• FSES kept (not part of NFPA 99)

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Questions