life in the milky way: panel discussion wesley a. traub chief scientist, nasa’s exoplanet...
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Life in the Milky Way:Panel Discussion
Wesley A. TraubChief Scientist, NASA’s Exoplanet Exploration Program
Jet Propulsion Laboratory,California Institute of Technology
Ozma 50 Workshop, Green Bank, West Virginia
13 Sept. 2010
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Our Big Questions for Exoplanets• What kind of signs of life should we be looking for? • Where and how should we look?• What is our strategy for finding signs of life beyond the Solar System?
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Three Direct Images To Date
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Ref.: Fomalhaut, Kalas et al., 2009HR8799, Marois et al., 2009 also Serabyn & Mawet 2010Beta Pic, Lagrange et al., 2010
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Exoplanet prospects, near and far
Kepler transits/seismology 500 to 2000 pc distant
156,000 stars14 to 16 mag0.24% of sky
Expect 400 Earths (1/star)
CoRoT transits/seismology 400 to 2000 pc distant
~40,000 stars13 to 15 mag0.01% of sky
SIM Lite astrometry 5 to 25 pc distant~70 to 2100 stars
3 to 7 mag100% of sky
Expect 70 Earths (1/star)
+TPF-C/O/I direct imaging
Color & spectrum all planetsSigns of life
PLATO transits/seismology 100-400 pc distant
250,000 stars10 to 13 mag
8% of skyExpect 400 Earths (1/star)
WFIRST gravitational microlensing 1000 to 10,000 pc distant
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Prospects for finding and characterizing exoplanets
• Current missions: CoRoT and Kepler for transits
- Telling us frequency of terrestrial planets, from close-in to habitable zones
• Also: Spitzer (warm) and HST
- Giving us transit visible and infrared spectra of giant planets
• Planned missions: JWST
- Possible transit spectra of super-Earth planets
• Recommended mission: WFIRST for exoplanets (and dark energy)
- Gravitational lensing gives mass and snapshot of orbit
• Future possibility: Exoplanet mission
- To be decided around mid-decade, and launched in 2020s,
could be coronagraph imager for exoplanet discovery and characterization
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