Life in the 1960’s/1970’

s

“The images and events of this pivotal decade are

linked to the trends of the forties and fifties.”

What does this mean?

Based on what you know already about the 60s do you agree?

1960s Figures•A new house cost

$12,700.00 and by 1969 was $15,500.00•The average income per year was $5,315.00 and by 1969 was $8,540.00•A gallon of gas was 25 cents and by 1969 was 35 cents•The average cost of new car was $2,600.00 and by 1969 was $3,270.00 •Minimum wage raised from $1.25-$1.40•$.05 stamps

1970’s Figures

Population: 204,879,000 Unemployed in 1970: 4,088,000 National Debt: $382 billion Average salary: $7,564 Food prices: milk, 33 cents a qt.; bread, 24 cents a loaf; round steak, $1.30 a pound Life Expectancy: Male, 67.1; Female, 74.8

1960’s American History

1960’s American History

1960’s Presidents•John F. Kennedy (D)

• 1961-1963

• JFK

• World War II veteran (South Pacific)

• Youngest president

• Only Roman Catholic

• Won barely against Nixon in 1960

• Peace Corps

•Lyndon B. Johnson (D)• 1963-1969

• “inherited” office from JFK

• Escalated US involvement in Vietnam from 16,000-550,000 in five years

• Known for “arm twisting” powerful politicians

• Civil Rights Act 1964

• War on Poverty

1970’s Presidents•Richard Nixon – 1969-1974 (R)

• Ended the draft

• 1969: Began carpet bombing Cambodia

• 1972: Reduced tensions with China and USSR

• 1973: Ended the Vietnam War

• 1974: Watergate and resignation

•Gerald Ford – 1974-1977 (R)• Became president after resignation of Richard Nixon

• Survived an assassination attempt

• Continued the policy of “détente” with China, USSR

• Tried to ease rising inflation and stimulate the economy

• Lost the 1976 Presidential election to Carter (D)

1970’s Presidents•Jimmy Carter - 1977-1980 (D)

• Energy shortage through most of the late 1970’s

• 1978: Camp David Accords – created a peace between Egypt and Israel

• 52 Hostages seized at US Embassy in Tehran, Iran

•Were released the day Carter left office

• Boycott of 1980 Olympics in USSR

•Protest of Afghanistan invasion

Symbols of the 60s/70/s – 5 pts•Design a symbol for the 1960’s or 1970’s that does

NOT look like the PEACE SIGN!• You may not use a dove, olive branch, the word “PEACE,”

or anything such as this.• You MUST make your symbol colorful! Black, gray, tan or

white are NOT colorful.• Make sure to fill the WHOLE paper with your symbol!• Make sure your name and period are on the back of the

symbol.• Due AT THE END OF CLASS IN YOUR BIN!!!

•You have information in your books and previous notes that can help you design a symbol of your own!

Bay of Pigs Invasion

•1961•Unsuccessful attempted invasion by armed Cuban exiles to overthrow the Castro government•Funded by the United States•Accelerated a rapid deterioration in Cuban-American relations

Cuban Missile Crisis

•1962•JFK, Khrushchev, Castro•Soviets were storing missiles in Cuba

Civil Rights Movement

•Freedom riders•March on Washington- 1963

• 16th Street Baptist Church bombing

•Voter registration drives•Sit-ins

Other Civil Rights Complaints

•Vietnam War•Poverty

JFK’s Assassination

•November 22, 1963•Lee Harvey Oswald

• Murdered 2 days later by Jack Ruby

•Many theories

Civil Rights Act•First civil rights legislation of the century•1964

• Outlawed segregation in public places

•1968• Outlawed discrimination in housing

based on race

Cesar Chavez

•United Latinos using King and Gandhi techniques of civil disobedience•Formed the United Farm Workers (UFW)•Worked mostly in the southwest

Medicare and Medicaid

•Amendments to the Social Security Act•Medicare

• Health care for elderly

•Medicaid• Health care for poor

War on Poverty

•1964- $800 million• Established Poverty Line• Loans for small businesses and

rural development• Job Corps• Head Start

Vietnam War

•Public support for war in decline•Baby boomers vs. WWII veterans•Demonstrations, protests•Essentially fighting on two fronts

• In Vietnam• At home

Anti-War

•Protests• Centered at universities• Origination of the circular peace symbol

•Draft dodgers

Man on the Moon

•Major accomplishment early in Nixon presidency•1969•Neil Armstrong

Other Things at Home•Silent Spring

• Rachel Carson starts environmental movement• Wrote a book documenting the negative effects of

pesticides

•WalMart opens in 1962

•Sporting events began•First Superbowl, US Open (golf)

•The Feminine Mystique• Betty Freidan starts women’s liberation movement

Nixon Visits China - 1972•First American President to visit China

•Opened China to American trade

•Caused an isolation of the USSR•USSR started to negotiate with US for trade rights too

Paris Peace Accords - 1973•Official end to Vietnam War

• N Vietnam initially refused to negotiate

•Henry Kissinger, US Secretary of State, won a Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts

•US completely left in 1975

•War killed 58,000 American soldiers

WatergateNixon Resignation - 1974

•“Burglars” entered Democratic Party National Headquarters in the Watergate Hotel, Washington, DC - 1972

• Bugged the room

•Nixon tried to cover up the bugging• Bugging another campaign headquarters was not new; the cover up was

•Nixon resigned rather than be impeached

Camp

1960’s World History

Kitchen Debate

•1959- Khrushchev vs. Nixon•US Exhibit in Moscow•Impromptu debate during Cold War•Communism vs. Capitalism

Soviets

•1953- 1964- Khruhschev is premier of the USSR•1961- Yuri Gagarin becomes first man in space

Sanctions on Cuba

•Who was the leader in Cuba?•Why would we stop trading with them?

Berlin Wall

•1963•Berlin divided between capitalism and socialism•Famous JFK Speech

Cultural Revolution

•1966-1969•China- Mao Zedong

• Little Red Book• Red Guards

•Attempt to improve popularity of his regime by attacking capitalist and western influences•1964- China gets atomic bomb

Middle East

•1964 PLO Formed•1967 Six Day War- Israel vs. Egypt, Syria and Jordan•1973 Yom Kippur War – A replay of the Six Day War

Other Countries

•Vietnam War in Vietnam• Ngo Dinh Diem is assassinated 1963• Tet Offensive 1968

•First woman prime minister in Sri Lanka

What influences have international relations

during the 1960s had on our country today?

1960’s Trends

Young People

•Powerlessness to change by political means•Alternative values•“Turn on, tune in and drop out”

• Distanced themselves from dominant culture and market-driven values

•Leads to self exploration•Flower children

Free Speech Movement

•A student protest at UC Berkeley from 1964-1965•Insisted that the university administration allow on-campus political activities •Students’ right to free speech and academic freedom•Lead to future involvement

How did teenagers influence life during the

1960s?

1960’s Music

•Rock and Roll matures•British Invasion

• The Beatles• The Rolling Stones

•Still a youth culture

The Beatles

•Appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show on Sunday, February 9, 1964 •In New York City, there were 50,000 requests for 703 seats•73 million television viewers watched the Beatles perform 5 songs

Motown Music

•In 1959, Berry Gordy -- a one-time assembly line worker at Ford Motor Company -- founded a Detroit-based record company•1963- Became the most successful black-owned record company in the history of American music

Motown Greats

•The Temptations•The Four Tops•Diana Ross and the Supremes

Classic Rock•Social or political message•Reflection upon the events of the time

• civil rights• the growing unrest over the war in Vietnam• the rise of feminism. 

•Received substantial airplay and became "anthems" at concerts, rallies, and demonstrations.

Classic Rock Musicians

•Janis Joplin•Jimi Hendrix•The Doors•Simon and Garfunkel•Peter, Paul and Mary

Woodstock

•On a dairy farm in the town of Bethel in upstate New York•August 15th-17th, 1969  •Starred thirty top names •Attendance was unprecedented for the time (estimate 300-500,000 people!)

Television

•Family• Dick Van Dyke Show

•Social/Political Commentary• The Smothers Brothers

•Science Fiction• Star Trek, 2001: Space Odyssey

•Children’s Shows (1969)• Mr. Rogers’ Neighborhood, Sesame

Street

Movies

•Musicals• Sound of Music, Oliver!, My Fair Lady, Mary

Poppins

•Epics• Ben-Hur, Spartacus, 10 Commandments (1956)

•Science Fiction• http://www.sandcastlevi.com/movies/sf-1960s.htm

Actors/Actresses

•Julie Andrews•Gregory Peck•Elizabeth Taylor•Katharine Hepburn•Dick Van Dyke•Barbra Streisand•Marilyn Monroe (50s and 60s)

Clothing•Turtlenecks•Gogo boots•Granny glasses•Tie dye shirts•Bellbottoms•Platform shoes•Miniskirts •Love beads•Fringed jackets

Other Fashion Trends

•Long hair on males and females•Bouffant hairdo

• From Jackie Onassis Kennedy

•Ironed straight hair•Flowers in hair

Other 1960’s fads

•Rickie tickie flower stickers•Black light•Ouija boards•Smiley faces•The peace sign•The Twist

1960s Phrases

•Flower power•To cop out- make an excuse•To dig it•Far out•Groovy•Pad•The scene•Uptight

Toys

•Barbie dolls• 1965- $1 million industry• 3D doll for young girls

•Skateboards•Frisbees•Twister•GI Joe dolls•Troll Dolls

Technology

•Audio cassettes-1963•Heart pacemaker- 1960•Laser-1960•Silicon chip•Weather satellite-1960•Portable calculator-1967 ($2500)•ATM- 1968

Sources

•The 1960’s•Take a Field Trip Through the 1960s