library linked data and the future of bibliographic control
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Ontario Library and Information Technology Association (OLITA) - 2013TRANSCRIPT
February 1, 2013
Library Linked Data and the Future of Bibliographic Control
Alastair Boyd & Marlene van Ballegooie
Library Linked Data and the Future of Bibliographic Control
What does this mean?
Why now?
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Library Linked Data and the Future of Bibliographic Control
What does this mean?
Why now?
Is there a future for “bibliographic control”?
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OCLC ‘Perceptions of Libraries, 2010’
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Credo Reference “Libraries Thriving” survey 2012
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Library Linked Data and the Future of Bibliographic Control
To combine the best of libraries and the best of the web...
• metadata must be on the web
• data must be open, useable by others
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Library Linked Data and the Future of Bibliographic Control
To combine the best of libraries and the best of the web...
• metadata must be on the web
• data must be open, useable by others
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Time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like a banana.
Linked Data
“describes a method of publishing structured data so that it can be interlinked and become more useful. It builds upon standard Web technologies such as HTTP and URIs, but rather than using them to serve web pages for human readers, it extends them to share information in a way that can be read automatically by computers. This enables data from different sources to be connected and queried.”
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_data
Traditional Web
link
link
link
link
link
link
link
linklink
link
Linked Data
works_for
works_for
authored
authored
located_in
hosted_byevent_date
knowspresented_at
likes
Why Linked Data for Libraries? We have a huge store of valuable, trusted data Library catalogue is a self contained data silo
with no connection to the data on the Web MARC not popular outside the library
community Provides a framework for sharing semantically
rich data in a Web-friendly way. Will allow libraries to be part of the Web of
Data.
Linked Data
Tim Berners-Lee
Principles of Linked Data
1. Use URIs as names for things.
http://viaf.org/viaf/109322990
http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/12558693
http://sws.geonames.org/6167865
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/knows
Principles of Linked Data
2. Use HTTP URIs, so that people can look up those names.
3. When someone looks up a URI, provide useful information, using standards (RDF).
Principles of Linked Data
4. Include links to other URIs, so that they can discover more things.
http://www.utoronto.ca/person/Margaret-Atwood
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Margaret_Atwood
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Women_novelists
Links to morethings
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Booker_Prize_winners
Links to morethings
Building Blocks of Linked Data
Resource Description Framework (RDF)
Primary data model for Linked Data It’s not a format; it’s a framework for describing
data. Can be used to represent information about
things. (i.e. book, person, idea, etc.) RDF allows you to link a resource to other
resources on the Web. RDF will enable greater precision in Web
searches.
RDF Triples Describe Relationships Concept of triples is used to describe a relationship between two
things. subject – predicate – object Statement: “Margaret Atwood is the author of ‘The Handmaid’s
Tale’.”
Each triple is a statement about a resource.
(subject)
(predicate)
(object)
Margaret Atwood
The Handmaid’s Tale
IsAuthorOf
RDF Triples
http://viaf.org/viaf/109322990 (subject)
(object)
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator(predicate)
http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/12558693The Handmaid’s Tale
Atwood, Margaret, 1939-
creator
RDF triples, create RDF graphs
Statements combine to form graphs A graph is of no fixed size and contains no
predetermined types of statements.
Margaret Atwood
Alias Grace
IsAuthorOfIsAuthorOf
The Handmaid’s Tale
IsPublishedBy
Toronto Bloomsbury
IsPublishedBy
McClelland & StewartLondon
IsPublishedInIsPublishedIn
How Does This Relate to MARC?
Relationships Are Defined in RDF
http://utoronto.ca/cat/7866185
http://utoronto.ca/cat/7866185 schema:name “Alias Grace” .http://utoronto.ca/cat/7866185 rdf:type schema:Book .http://utoronto.ca/cat/7866185 schema:author <http://viaf.org/viaf/109322990> .http://utoronto.ca/cat/7866185 schema:about <http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh89007039> .http://utoronto.ca/cat/7866185 owl:sameAs <http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/612720361> .
Schema:Book
type
author
name
http://viaf.org/viaf/109322990
Atwood, Margaret, 1939-
about
Women murderers
name
http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh89007039
http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/612720361
sameAs
name
Alias Grace
RDF graphs create a 'web of data'
http://utoronto.ca/cat/7866185
Publisher Web Site
DBpedia
VIAF
LCSH
Geonames
WorldCat
Linked Open Data Cloud
Linking Open Data cloud diagram, by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch. http://lod-cloud.net/
Library Linked Data Examples
Library of Congress
Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)
LIBRIS – Swedish National Library
BL - British National Bibliography
OCLC WorldCat
BIBFRAME Initiative Draft released November 21, 2012 Requirements
•Content model agnostic•Description and management of all types of library holdings, traditional and born-digital•Provision for all library data: bibliographic, authority, holdings, classification•Replace MARC
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BIBFRAME Model
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BIBFRAME Model
BIBFRAME Model
BIBFRAME Model
BIBFRAME Model
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Putting it into practice
Migrating MARC to Linked data environment● Prototype of translation services & interfaces
● Publishing RDF vocabulary for Bibframe model, mappings to MARC and RDA
● Continued work with “Early Experimenters”
Developing other tools and supporting services● Prototype open source cataloguing interfaces
● Encourage faceted search interfaces
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Putting it into practice
Migrating MARC to Linked data environment
Work level data in XML<!-- Work --><Report id = "http://bibframe/work/frbr-report"><title>Functional requirements for bibliographic records :</title><titleRemainder>final report / IFLA Study Group on the FunctionalRequirements for Bibliographic Records ; approved by the StandingCommittee of the IFLA Section on Cataloguing.</titleRemainder><creator resource = "http://bibframe/auth/org/ifla" /><subject resource = "http://bibframe/auth/topic/cataloging" /><subject resource = "http://bibframe/auth/topic/bibliography" /><subject resource = "http://bibframe/auth/topic/frbr" /><language>English</language><hasInstance resource="http://bibframe/inst/frbr-1997-09-01:0" /><hasInstance resource="http://bibframe/inst/frbr-1997-09-01:1" /><hasInstance resource="http://bibframe/inst/frbr-1997-09-01:2" /></Report>
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Putting it into practice
Migrating MARC to Linked data environment
Instance level data in XML<!-- Instance --><HardcoverBook id="http://bibframe/inst/frbr-1997-09-01:0"><date>1998</date><place resource=”http://bibframe/auth/geo/münchen” /><publisher resource="http://bibframe/auth/org/k.g.saur" /><isbn>359811382X</isbn></HardcoverBook><!-- Instance --><DigitalResource id="http://bibframe/inst/frbr-1997-09-01:1"><link>http://www.ifla.org/files/cataloguing/frbr/frbr_2008.pdf</link><format>application/pdf</format><date>1997-09-01</date><publisher resource="http://bibframe/auth/org/ifla" /></DigitalResource>
… etc.
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Putting it into practice
Migrating MARC to Linked data environment
<!-- BIBFRAME Topic --><Topic id="http://bibframe/auth/topic/bibliography"><label>Bibliography</label><generalSubdivision>Methodology</generalSubdivision><hasIDLink resource=”http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85013838” /></Topic><!-- BIBFRAME Topic --><Topic id="http://bibframe/auth/topic/cataloging"><label>Cataloging</label><hasIDLink resource=”http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85020816” /></Topic><!-- BIBFRAME Organization --><Organization id="http://bibframe/auth/org/ifla"><label>IFLA Study Group on the Functional Requirements for BibliographicRecords</label><link>http://www.ifla.org/</link><hasIDLink resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/nr98013265” /></Organization>etc.
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Think of the possibilities…
•Oslo Public Library “Active book” prototype
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Think of the possibilities…
“Credibility overlays” on search engine results
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The end of the ILS
“Library Service Platforms” as the next-generation of integrated data management for libraries
● actual sharing rather than copying of records
● pooling of resources (e.g. sharing of apps)
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Bibframe project plans
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Next steps for us:
● Visit LC’s Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative:
http://www.loc.gov/marc/transition/
● Visit BIBFRAME.org:
http://www.bibframe.org
● Watch “Tim Berner-Lee on the next Web”:
http://www.ted.com/talks/tim_berners_lee_on_the_next_web.html
● Read the Bibframe draft document available online:
http://www.loc.gov/marc/transition/news/bibframe-112312.html
● Join the Bibframe list: [email protected]
● Start talking to vendors….
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