libraries and the network platform: a new cooperative context lorcan dempsey 2006 oclc/frederick g....
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Libraries and the network platform: a new cooperative context
Lorcan Dempsey
2006 OCLC/Frederick G. Kilgour Lecture in Information and Library Science. The School ofInformation and Library Science,The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
22 February 2006
Overview
Overview
The library and the network
The long tail and libraries
Network level
The balance between the library and the network moves to the network…
1. Resource sharing2. A&I and ejournals3. Time for the next step: the network
platform
Why?
1. Organizational redevelopment in a ‘flat’ world: from vertical integration to horizontal sourcing around shared processes
2. Long tail information infrastructure: building services for a network world
3. Focus on distinctive impact: build services around user workflow rather than expecting workflow to build around the library
Attention …
Trajectory: from vertical integration …
Collaboratively sourced
Third party
… to collaborative and third party sourcing around shared processes and data
Sourced
Ross Atkinson: The law of local access optimization
“Each service a library develops, every action it takes, every dollar it spends, has but one purpose – and that is to enhance local access to and use of relevant information. Any library resources used for any other purpose than the enhancement of local access and utility is misused.”
Sourcing decisions
CatalogingResource sharingA&IVirtual reference ‘Content layer’: storage and
preservation solutionsDiscoveryOn demand library systemsRegistriesKnowledge bases
Moving to the network level?
Overview
The library and the network
The long tail
The network level
The long tail
The long tail
Scarce shelf, spectrum or theater space drove behaviors
Locally assembled material available to local users
But …
A new information environment in the the network world ..
Long tail dynamic
Aggregate supply
Unified discovery Reduce transaction
costs: supply chain Consolidated
inventory Business intelligence
Aggregate demand
Mobilize and connect a large number of potential users on open web
E.g Google ads Platforms for others to
build on: APIs, browser tools, etc
Libraries and the long tail dynamic
Aggregate supply
Discovery? D2D Supply chain? Business
intelligence? Inventory?
Aggregate demand
Visible to limited users
Perceptions report
Libraries and the long tail dynamic
Aggregate supply?
1.7% of circulations are ILLs
Aggregate demand?
20% of collection accounted for 90% of use
(2 research libraries over ~4 years)
Each reader his/her book
Each book its reader
Use
RequestLocateDiscover Deliver
Example: aggregate supply: transaction costs
Each arrow is a potential added cost:In terms of attention or technical, policy, business or service gaps.
Challenges: find it?
Discovery:Find items, collections or services of interest
Fewer unified resources?
Metasearch? Where the user wants:
RSS, search engine, CMS, ….
Location:Find instances of discovered items and services on them
Catalogs Resolvers E-commerce sites
Challenges: find it?
Request:Request service
Place hold Place ILL request Initiate purchase
request, ….
Deliver:Service or item is delivered
From multiple sources
Libraries and the long tail?
1. The Library Long Tail is variably available to users.
2. Users are generally not aware of what is available to them (OCLC Perceptions Report)
3. A fragmented network presence: low gravitational pull
Overview
The library and the network
The long tail and libraries
Network level
New cooperative landscape ..
1. What would it look like if more services move to the network level?
2. Create systemwide efficiencies and impact through shared platforms.
3. Focus on creating local value: mobilizing information resources in user environments
Discovery to delivery
Find it
Get it
‘Paypal for libraries’
Things to think about:OpenWorldCatOCLC Fee ManagementPicture AustraliaGoogle ScholarRegistry of resolvers
Content management layer
To think about …JSTORCRLOff-site storageMass digitizationCoordinated LOCKSS
Business intelligence
To think about:Consolidated holdings?Consolidated usage data?Consolidated circ data?Consolidated resolution data?Consolidated download data?….
Directory
Collections
Libraries
Licenses
Terms, schema
Services
Institutions
Information objects
Policies
Move to the network level … organizational development
California Digital LibraryOhioLink, Pines, …RLG, OCLC, …Ithaka (JSTOR, ArtStor)DEF, NLA, …Open Content Alliance
Google scholarScopusOaisterOpen WorldCat
And now …
ChangeScrutiny of available organizations Change patterns of working
OCLC
Fred Kilgour