1

LHC/ATLAS Run2

Toshi.Sumida@cern.ch

2016 ( 28 ) 2 15

1

LHC 2010 2012 Run1

[1]

2 (Long Shutdown1

LS1) LHC 8

TeV 13 TeV 2015

4

Run2 2015

ATLAS

3

2

Run2 LHC ATLAS

2 LHC

LHC (Large Hadron Collider)

CERN

27 km

100 m

(√s) 14 TeV

LHC 2008 9

[2, 3]

2010

2011√s = 7 TeV 2012

√s = 8 TeV

LS1

2015 4 LHC Run2

2

6 3 13 TeV

2244 5× 1033 cm−2s−1

4 fb−1

1: 2015 4 7 LHC

4 3 [4]

LHC

2015 LHC

2.1

1 LHC 8

ATLAS 1 CMS

5

12

67

259

2

2: LHC 6.5 TeV

( ) 45

50 [4]

LHC 7 TeV

(11.85 kA 8.3 T)

( ) 45

6.5 TeV 50

1

8 34 78

11

2.2 2015

LHC

4 5 450 GeV 4 10

6.5 TeV (1 )

2

6 3 LHC 13 TeV

”first stable beam” ( 3) LHC

LHC

7 14 50 ns 2015

476

1.6× 1033 cm−2s−1

17 TeV ()

3: 13 TeV LHC

[5]

Mean Number of Interactions per Crossing

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

/0.5

]-1

Del

iver

ed L

umin

osity

[pb

0

1

2

3

4

5

6 =13 TeVsOnline Luminosity 2015, ATLAS

> = 20µ50ns: <> = 17µ25ns: <

4: 50 ns 25 ns

[6]

8 LHC 50 ns 25 ns

50 ns

1

1

( )

25 ns

4 ATLAS

50 ns 25 ns

25 ns

LHC

2244

5× 1033 cm−2s−1

260

2

2: LHC 6.5 TeV

( ) 45

50 [4]

LHC 7 TeV

(11.85 kA 8.3 T)

( ) 45

6.5 TeV 50

1

8 34 78

11

2.2 2015

LHC

4 5 450 GeV 4 10

6.5 TeV (1 )

2

6 3 LHC 13 TeV

”first stable beam” ( 3) LHC

LHC

7 14 50 ns 2015

476

1.6× 1033 cm−2s−1

17 TeV ()

3: 13 TeV LHC

[5]

Mean Number of Interactions per Crossing

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

/0.5

]-1

Del

iver

ed L

umin

osity

[pb

0

1

2

3

4

5

6 =13 TeVsOnline Luminosity 2015, ATLAS

> = 20µ50ns: <> = 17µ25ns: <

4: 50 ns 25 ns

[6]

8 LHC 50 ns 25 ns

50 ns

1

1

( )

25 ns

4 ATLAS

50 ns 25 ns

25 ns

LHC

2244

5× 1033 cm−2s−1

3

5: LHC [7]

2.3 2015

Run2

2.3.1 UFO

13 TeV

Unidentified Falling Objects (UFOs)

[7] LHC ( 5)

UFO

UFO

17 2

1

40 UFO 25 ns

10 2016

2.3.2 ULO

UFO Run2

Uniden-

tified Lying Object (ULO) [8]

3 mm 1 mm

2016

25 ns & electron cloud

Beam screen

25 ns Typical e– densities1010–1012 m–3

Possible consequences:– instabilities, emittance growth, desorption – bad vacuum– excessive energy deposition in the cold sectors

Electron bombardment of a surface has been proven to reduce drastically the secondary electron yield (SEY) of a material. This technique, known as scrubbing, provides a mean to suppress electron cloud build-up.

Electron cloud significantly worse with 25 ns13

SEY

6: 2 [9]

2.3.3

(elec-

tron cloud) 6

2

(Heat-

Load)

25 ns

“scrubbing”

5 ns

(RF 2 )

2016

scrubbing

2.3.4 QPS

(Quench Protection

System, QPS)

LS1

Single

Event Upset

8 1140

QPS 43%

7%

261

4

1: 2012 2015 LHC

2012 2015 ( )

[TeV] 4 6.5 7

[ns] 50 25 25

β∗ [m] 0.60 0.80 0.55

/ [1011] 1.6 1.15 1.15

[µm] 2.5 3.5 3.75

1374 2244 2808

1368 2232 2808

[1034 cm−2s−1] > 0.7 ∼ 0.5 1.035 15 30

[MJ] 140 270 362

2.3.5 TDI

SPS LHC

Injection Protection Device (

TDI) [10]

450 ◦C

288

2015

144

TDI

scrubbing

TDI 2015-2016

2016 288 2800

2.4

2015 LHC

Run1

1 LHC

25 ns

β∗

2015

60 cm

2016

4LHC Machine Status Report 125th LHCCFrédérick Bordry 2nd March 2016

The main reasons for the lower value:- Start-up delays (~ 4 weeks),

- Availability issues: radiation failures on the quench protection tunnel electronics; solved after TS2

- Electron clouds mitigation

2015 LHC Integrated Luminosity The initial projections of integrated luminosity for 2015 were ~ 8-10 fb-1.

Achieved ~ 4.3 fb-1Slope at the end of the run better than in 2011,

and close to 2012 slope(last week of operation > 1 fb-1)

7: Run1 Run2 [4]

40 cm 2

7 LHC

2011

13 TeV 25 ns

LHC

3 ATLAS

ATLAS LHC 1

8 ATLAS

[11]

3.1

ALTAS 2015

ATLAS LS1

2008 JINST 3 S08003

Figure 1.1: Cut-away view of the ATLAS detector. The dimensions of the detector are 25 m inheight and 44 m in length. The overall weight of the detector is approximately 7000 tonnes.

The ATLAS detector is nominally forward-backward symmetric with respect to the interac-tion point. The magnet configuration comprises a thin superconducting solenoid surrounding theinner-detector cavity, and three large superconducting toroids (one barrel and two end-caps) ar-ranged with an eight-fold azimuthal symmetry around the calorimeters. This fundamental choicehas driven the design of the rest of the detector.

The inner detector is immersed in a 2 T solenoidal field. Pattern recognition, momentumand vertex measurements, and electron identification are achieved with a combination of discrete,high-resolution semiconductor pixel and strip detectors in the inner part of the tracking volume,and straw-tube tracking detectors with the capability to generate and detect transition radiation inits outer part.

High granularity liquid-argon (LAr) electromagnetic sampling calorimeters, with excellentperformance in terms of energy and position resolution, cover the pseudorapidity range |η | < 3.2.The hadronic calorimetry in the range |η |< 1.7 is provided by a scintillator-tile calorimeter, whichis separated into a large barrel and two smaller extended barrel cylinders, one on either side ofthe central barrel. In the end-caps (|η | > 1.5), LAr technology is also used for the hadroniccalorimeters, matching the outer |η | limits of end-cap electromagnetic calorimeters. The LArforward calorimeters provide both electromagnetic and hadronic energy measurements, and extendthe pseudorapidity coverage to |η | = 4.9.

The calorimeter is surrounded by the muon spectrometer. The air-core toroid system, with along barrel and two inserted end-cap magnets, generates strong bending power in a large volumewithin a light and open structure. Multiple-scattering effects are thereby minimised, and excellentmuon momentum resolution is achieved with three layers of high precision tracking chambers.

– 4 –

8: ATLAS

262

4

1: 2012 2015 LHC

2012 2015 ( )

[TeV] 4 6.5 7

[ns] 50 25 25

β∗ [m] 0.60 0.80 0.55

/ [1011] 1.6 1.15 1.15

[µm] 2.5 3.5 3.75

1374 2244 2808

1368 2232 2808

[1034 cm−2s−1] > 0.7 ∼ 0.5 1.035 15 30

[MJ] 140 270 362

2.3.5 TDI

SPS LHC

Injection Protection Device (

TDI) [10]

450 ◦C

288

2015

144

TDI

scrubbing

TDI 2015-2016

2016 288 2800

2.4

2015 LHC

Run1

1 LHC

25 ns

β∗

2015

60 cm

2016

4LHC Machine Status Report 125th LHCCFrédérick Bordry 2nd March 2016

The main reasons for the lower value:- Start-up delays (~ 4 weeks),

- Availability issues: radiation failures on the quench protection tunnel electronics; solved after TS2

- Electron clouds mitigation

2015 LHC Integrated Luminosity The initial projections of integrated luminosity for 2015 were ~ 8-10 fb-1.

Achieved ~ 4.3 fb-1Slope at the end of the run better than in 2011,

and close to 2012 slope(last week of operation > 1 fb-1)

7: Run1 Run2 [4]

40 cm 2

7 LHC

2011

13 TeV 25 ns

LHC

3 ATLAS

ATLAS LHC 1

8 ATLAS

[11]

3.1

ALTAS 2015

ATLAS LS1

2008 JINST 3 S08003

Figure 1.1: Cut-away view of the ATLAS detector. The dimensions of the detector are 25 m inheight and 44 m in length. The overall weight of the detector is approximately 7000 tonnes.

The ATLAS detector is nominally forward-backward symmetric with respect to the interac-tion point. The magnet configuration comprises a thin superconducting solenoid surrounding theinner-detector cavity, and three large superconducting toroids (one barrel and two end-caps) ar-ranged with an eight-fold azimuthal symmetry around the calorimeters. This fundamental choicehas driven the design of the rest of the detector.

The inner detector is immersed in a 2 T solenoidal field. Pattern recognition, momentumand vertex measurements, and electron identification are achieved with a combination of discrete,high-resolution semiconductor pixel and strip detectors in the inner part of the tracking volume,and straw-tube tracking detectors with the capability to generate and detect transition radiation inits outer part.

High granularity liquid-argon (LAr) electromagnetic sampling calorimeters, with excellentperformance in terms of energy and position resolution, cover the pseudorapidity range |η | < 3.2.The hadronic calorimetry in the range |η |< 1.7 is provided by a scintillator-tile calorimeter, whichis separated into a large barrel and two smaller extended barrel cylinders, one on either side ofthe central barrel. In the end-caps (|η | > 1.5), LAr technology is also used for the hadroniccalorimeters, matching the outer |η | limits of end-cap electromagnetic calorimeters. The LArforward calorimeters provide both electromagnetic and hadronic energy measurements, and extendthe pseudorapidity coverage to |η | = 4.9.

The calorimeter is surrounded by the muon spectrometer. The air-core toroid system, with along barrel and two inserted end-cap magnets, generates strong bending power in a large volumewithin a light and open structure. Multiple-scattering effects are thereby minimised, and excellentmuon momentum resolution is achieved with three layers of high precision tracking chambers.

– 4 –

8: ATLAS

5

9: 13 TeV

[12]

2015

97%

AT-

LAS

9

2015 6 3

92%

10 LHC 4.2 fb−1

3.9 fb−1 2012

93.5% Run2

3.9 fb−1

3.2 fb−1

IBL

3.2 Run2

ATLAS LS1

3.2.1 IBL

ATLAS LS1

Insertable B-Layer (IBL)

1

Day in 2015

-1fb

Tota

l Int

egra

ted

Lum

inos

ity

0

1

2

3

4

5

1/6 1/7 1/8 1/9 1/10 1/11

= 13 TeVs PreliminaryATLASLHC Delivered ATLAS RecordedAll Good for Physics

Total Delivered: 4.2 fb-1

Total Recorded: 3.9 fb-1

All Good for Physics: 3.2 fb-1

10: 2015 ATLAS

[6]

IBL

[13] 2015

IBL

Run2

IBL

IBL

TID(Total Ionization

Dose)

Stave FlexCooling PipeCarbon Foam

Front-end ModuleBeam PipeInner Positioning Tube

Inner Support Tube

11: IBL [14] φ

1 1

263

6

12: IBL [14]

¥ によって、 [GeV]

Tp

-110×4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910 20

m]

µ) [ 0

(dσ

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

ATLAS Preliminary < 0.2η0.0 <

= 8 TeVsData 2012,

= 13 TeVsData 2015,

13: pT impact pa-

rameter [15]

12

IBL

13 pT

Run2

2015

3.2.2

ATLAS 1 (L1)

(HLT) L1

40 MHz

100 kHz HLT

L1 CPU

1 kHz

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

2

4

6

8

10

12 m

0

Large (odd numbered) sectors

BIL

BML

BOL

EEL

EML

EIL

CSC

1 2 3 4 5 6

EIL4

0

1 2 3 4 5 6

1 2 3 4 5 6

TGCs

1

2

3

4

5

1

2

3

End-cap

magnet

RPCs

y

1

2

TGCs

End-cap toroid η=2.4

η=1.3

η=1.0

[m]

TGC-FI

η=1.9

TileCal

14: ATLAS

η z ∼ 10 m

L1 2 µs

FPGA ASIC

L1

Thin Gap Chamber (TGC)

ATLAS

[16] Run1

LS1 Run2

14 ATLAS 1/4

TGC 3

L1

(pT )

Run1

LHC 7 × 1033 cm−2s−1√s = 8 TeV pT 20 GeV L1

(L1 MU20) 7 kHz

Run2 1.5×1034 cm−2s−1

13 TeV W

L1 MU20

30 kHz

L1

20 kHz

264

7

L1_MU15η

3− 2− 1− 0 1 2 3

/0.1

-1 N

umbe

r of T

rigge

r [nb

]

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

ATLAS Preliminary =13TeVs

-1 L dt = 11.1 pb∫L1_MU15 w/o FI coincidence, -1 L dt = 20.6 pb∫L1_MU15 w/ FI coincidence,

L1_MU15η

3− 2− 1− 0 1 2 3

Rat

e re

duct

ion

0.2−

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1ATLAS Preliminary =13TeVsL1_MU15 rate reduction

15: η 15 GeV L1

( ) ( ) [17]

FI

LHC

Run1 L1 MU20

(”η”)

|η| > 1

TGC L1

14

pT

TGC

”TGC-FI” TGC

Run2

2015

9

15

L1 η

FI 1.3 < η < 1.9

]-1 s-2 cm30Instantaneous luminosity / bunch [100 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

Ave

rage

L1_

XE

35 ra

te /

bunc

h [H

z]

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14OperationsATLAS

= 13 TeVs2015 Data,

50 ns pp Collision Data

without pedestal correction

with pedestal correction

16: L1Calo

[18]

2016 LHC

pT

1.0 < η < 1.3 EIL4

(TileCal)

2016

3.2.3 L1Calo

L1

(Missing ET,

MET)

Run1

(

)

Run2 16

MET

L1Calo

265

8

4

2016 LHC 13 TeV

2748 β∗ 40 cm

2015

scrubbing

2016

1× 1034 cm−2s−1

25 fb−1

2016

ATLAS TileCal

L1

(”L1Topo”)

LHC ATLAS ATLAS

[19] [20]

[21]

[1] 33 245 (2015)

[2] 28 270 (2010)

[3] 27 163

(2010)

[4] http://lhc-commissioning.web.cern.ch

[5] ”Start of run2 physics at the

Large Hadron Collider (LHC)”,

https://cds.cern.ch/record/2020852

[6] https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/AtlasPublic/

LuminosityPublicResultsRun2

[7] T. Baer it et al., ”Very Fast Losses of the Circu-

lating LHC Beam, their Mitigation and Machine

Protection”, CERN-THESIS-2013-233

[8] D. Mirarchi et al., LHC aperture and ULO

restrictions: are they a possible limitation in

2016? , 6th Evian Workshop, Evian, December

2015 (2015).

[9] G. Iadarola et al., Electron Cloud E ects ,

These Pro- ceedings, LHC Performance Work-

shop, Chamonix, France (2016).

[10] D. Jacquet et al., Injection , 6th Evian Work-

shop, Evian, France (2015).

[11] G. Aad et al., ”The ATLAS Experiment at the

CERN Large Hadron Collider.”, J. Instrum., 3,

437 (2008)

[12] https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/AtlasPublic/EventDisplayRun2Physics

[13] 33

61 (2014)

[14] ”Study of the mechanical stability of the AT-

LAS Insertable B-Layer”, ATL-INDET-PUB-

2015-001

[15] ATL-PHYS-PUB-2015-018

[16] 26 304 (2008)

[17] https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/AtlasPublic/

L1MuonTriggerPublicResults

[18] https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/AtlasPublic/

L1CaloTriggerPublicResults

[19] http://atlas.kek.jp,

https://sites.google.com/site/lhcpr2011

[20] http://d.hatena.ne.jp/lhcatlasjapan

[21] https://twitter.com/lhcatlasjapan

8

4

2016 LHC 13 TeV

2748 β∗ 40 cm

2015

scrubbing

2016

1× 1034 cm−2s−1

25 fb−1

2016

ATLAS TileCal

L1

(”L1Topo”)

LHC ATLAS ATLAS

[19] [20]

[21]

[1] 33 245 (2015)

[2] 28 270 (2010)

[3] 27 163

(2010)

[4] http://lhc-commissioning.web.cern.ch

[5] ”Start of run2 physics at the

Large Hadron Collider (LHC)”,

https://cds.cern.ch/record/2020852

[6] https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/AtlasPublic/

LuminosityPublicResultsRun2

[7] T. Baer it et al., ”Very Fast Losses of the Circu-

lating LHC Beam, their Mitigation and Machine

Protection”, CERN-THESIS-2013-233

[8] D. Mirarchi et al., LHC aperture and ULO

restrictions: are they a possible limitation in

2016? , 6th Evian Workshop, Evian, December

2015 (2015).

[9] G. Iadarola et al., Electron Cloud E ects ,

These Pro- ceedings, LHC Performance Work-

shop, Chamonix, France (2016).

[10] D. Jacquet et al., Injection , 6th Evian Work-

shop, Evian, France (2015).

[11] G. Aad et al., ”The ATLAS Experiment at the

CERN Large Hadron Collider.”, J. Instrum., 3,

437 (2008)

[12] https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/AtlasPublic/EventDisplayRun2Physics

[13] 33

61 (2014)

[14] ”Study of the mechanical stability of the AT-

LAS Insertable B-Layer”, ATL-INDET-PUB-

2015-001

[15] ATL-PHYS-PUB-2015-018

[16] 26 304 (2008)

[17] https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/AtlasPublic/

L1MuonTriggerPublicResults

[18] https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/AtlasPublic/

L1CaloTriggerPublicResults

[19] http://atlas.kek.jp,

https://sites.google.com/site/lhcpr2011

[20] http://d.hatena.ne.jp/lhcatlasjapan

[21] https://twitter.com/lhcatlasjapan

EventDisplayRun2Physics

266