Presented By:Khuram Sajjad (92)Mohsin Ali (102)M.Sajjad Hussain (112)Taha Rehman Zahid (163)

Presented To:Prof.Dr.Zubair Malik Madni

Definition:“The formation of paste by adding the

large amount of water,by reducing the size of particle into fine size,which is to be obtained is known as Levigation.”

OR“Levigation is a process reducing the particle size of a solid by triturating it in a mortar or spatulating it on an ointment slab or pad with a small amount of a liquid or melted base in which the solid is not soluble.”

The liquid used for levigation is called as ‘levigation agent’,The liquid is somewhat viscous and has low surface tension to improve ease of wetting the solid.e.g:Mineral Oils,Glycerine.

Features of Levigation Agents; They act as lubricating agents. They incorporate the solid easier and they

usually give smoother preparations.

Triturate the solid by using pestle and mortar or Edge Runner Mill.

Add levigating agent as lubricating agent.Mix the above compound thoroughly.Now,mix untill particle size become uniform

and it appears like a paste. In case of EMULSION,this paste gives the

sound of click and creamy white colour.

SMALL SCALE: On small scale we use

Pestle & Mortar. The paste is formed by

addition of non-solventlike glycerine or mineral oil to solid substance.

Size reduction takes place in pestle and mortar.

Fig:Small Scale Levigation1.Paste formation2.Ointment Slab3.Triturating4.Spatulating

ON INDUSTRIAL SCALE:

We use a series of tanks called edge runner mill.

Solid material which is used into the tank is suspended in liquid and flow like a turbid liquid.

The turbid liquid is allowed to flow from series of tanks and allowed to stand for sometime. Heaviest particles are precipitated down and light fine particles remain in liquid.

Particles settle down in Tank according to weight and size.

PURPOSE OF

LEVIGATION:

o We use this process for fine particles or powder in order to get smooth paste by grinding the solid with water.

USES IN PHARMACY

It is used to prepare the ointments and pastes.

In making suspensions. In many

pharmaceutical balms. In purification of drugs. To get various degrees

of fine powders.

“The pharmaceutical process of reducing the particle size of powders through with a mortar and pestle to produce fine powders.”

OR“The simple dilution of a potent drug powder with a dilutent powder such as lactose which is an insert substance.”

The minimum weighable quantity of a drug powder usually taken to be 50mg or 100 mg is mixed with an inert substance to produce a 1:10 or 1:100 dilution in practice.

In a 1:10 trituration 10g of trituration contains 1g of drug.

USE Of Trituration:It is used in pharmacy as means of preparing products containing small weights of POTENT DRUGS,as amounts of less than 100 mg cannot be weighed accurately.

1. Levigation is wet grinding while trituration is dry grinding.

2. Triturate is the continual rubbing of a solid in a mortar with a pestle to reduce particle size to a degree of fineness. Levigation is the process of reducing the particle size of a soildby triturating in a mortar with a small amount of liquid or melted base