S.A Adisasmita and S.H Aly

LEVEL OF SERVICE PERFORMANCE ON AIRPORT WAITING ROOM

(Case Study: Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport, Makassar, Indonesia)

Sakti Adji Adisasmita¹, Sumarni H. Aly²

¹`² Lecturer in Faculty of Engineering, Transport Engineering Department

Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km 10, Makassar - 90245, Indonesia

+628179842957, +62411 580505

adjisasmita@yahoo.com, marni_hamidaly@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT The increasing number of passengers and aircrafts every year has caused the needs of

space on airport waiting room at airports. Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport has been

developed their new terminal building that haas been operated since 2008. The waiting room

capacity was 7,457.82 m2 and consists of 1,528 seats at existing condition.

This study has two primary purposes. The first was to develop forecasting model of

passengers and aircrafts; the data was based on domestic air transport demand. The second

purpose was to develop the level of Service Performance on Waiting Rom to the develop the

airport terminal facility at Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport.

The study was conducted by collecting data at Sultan Hasanuddin International

Airport in Makassar, Indonesia. The data used were primary and secondary data. The primary

data was based on field survey, while secondary data was based on data collected from various

agencies, namely the Directorate General of Transport Department, the Statistic Central

Bureau, PT. Angkasa Pura 1 and so on.

Analytical tools used to forecast the passengers and aircrafts was Regression Analysis

Method and Standards for Sizing the Waiting Room Space used the IATA Space Standards.

The findings and recommendations of the study can be summarized as follows: by the

year of 2025, the spce of waiting room should be expanded to serve and to improve the level of

services for passengers, whereas the needs of number of seats would be 2,543 seats for

servicing 5,086 passengers at peak hours.

Keywords: Airport Terminal, Waiting Room, Forecasting Model, and Space Standards

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S.A Adisasmita and S.H Aly

BACKGROUND

Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport located in Makassar, South Sulawesi Province,

Indonesia, is now experiencing an increasingly rapid development and prospective for a variety

of business activities due to the potential of enormous natural resources in eastern Indonesia.

The airport is undergoing a process of expansion and development began in 2004 and

completed in 2009, i.e. development of a new passenger terminal with a capacity of 7 million

passengers per year, 9.4% increase in passengers growth. The waiting room has an area of

7,457.82 m2 and 1,528 seats. The plan of terminal development reaches about 78,000 m² along

with the parking area, begin in 2012. The terminal development will be done to anticipate the

rapidly on passenger growth.

The current condition on waiting room at Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport can

accommodate 3,056 passengers, while the peak hour conditions has reached 4,159 passengers,

it needs for additional capacity on waiting room area. To anticipate this condition, it is

necessary to forecast the waiting area up to 15 years ahead.

METHODOLOGY

The research was carried out in the waiting room area at Sultan Hasanuddin

International Airport in 2011. The data collection consists of primary and secondary data. The

collected data is primary data obtained through a survey by using a questionnaire,

interview, and observations. Moreover, information has also been collected as secondary data

from statistic office, department of transport, instance reports and study results.

Figure 1 Location of Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport, Makassar, Indonesia

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S.A Adisasmita and S.H Aly

Space on Airport Waiting Room Standard

The requirements on waiting room standard to take the terms that 2/3 of total passengers

get a seat while 1/3 passenger was standing, this is the tolerance level of service on waiting

room standard.

Table 1 Space Criteria

Airport Waiting Room Facility Space required

Per 100 TPHP (100

m²) passengers standing   1 passenger seat   1.5 plus 10% circulation      

Source: International Air Transport Association (IATA)

Aircraft Movement at Peak Hour

To analyse the number of passenger and aircraft movements during peak hours used the

formula as follows:

Md = My (1) 365 Cp = 1,38 (2)

Mp = Cp x Md (3)

where: Cp = peak hour factor Md = aircraft movement (daily) Mp = aircraft movement at peak hour My = aircraft movenment (yearly)

Analysis of Airport Waiting Room Area

To analyse the needs of waiting room area during peak hours used the formula as follows:

A = C - (ui + vk) m 2 + 10% (4)               30 where: A = airport waiting room area C = number of passengers during peak hours u = the average longest waiting time (60 minutes) i = proportion of the longest passenger waiting time (0.6) v = the average fastest waiting time (20 minutes) k = proportion of the fastest passenger waiting time (0.4)

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S.A Adisasmita and S.H Aly

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The area of waiting room at Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport Makassar was

7,457.82 m2, consists of 6 gates respectively, gate 1 was 1,575.00 m2, gates 2 and 3 were

2,153.91 m², gates 4 and 5 were 2,153.91 m², and gate 6 was 1,575.00 m²; gates 1 to 5 for

domestic and gate 6 for international flights.

Passenger and Aircraft Movements

The passenger movement at Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport can be seen in the

figure below.

Figure 2 Passenger movement Source: PT.Angkasa Pura 1

Figure 1 shows the growth of passenger arrival with an average of 21.98%, while the

growth of passenger departure was 20.97%.

The aircraft movement at Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport can be seen in the

figure below:

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Arrive

Depart

Year

Passenger

S.A Adisasmita and S.H Aly

Figure 3 Aircraft Movement

Source: PT.Angkasa Pura 1

Figure 2 shows the growth of aircraft arrival with an average of 14.07%, while the

growth of aircraft departure was 13,42%. From the figures above show that the increasing

number of passengers followed by the increasing number aircrafts, except in 2005, passenger

and aircraft movements were decreased.

Forecasting models used in passenger and aircraft movements were SPSS 16.0. program

and linear trend method. The results of linear trend method can be seen in table below.

Table 2 Linear Trend Model

Projection Model Equation Model

Passenger Arrival Linear trend Y = 205,850.9 + 190,359.8 X

Passenger Departure Linear trend Y = 172,101.2 + 178,183.7 X

Aircarft Arrival Linear trend Y = 8,933.32 + 2,008.84 X

Aircraft Departure Linear trend Y = 9,064.52 + 1,962.06 X

Source: Analysis Result

The forecasting of passenger and aircraft movements can be seen in figures below.

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Depart

Arrive

Year

Aircraft

S.A Adisasmita and S.H Aly

Figure 4 Passenger Movement Source: Analysis Result

Figure 5 Aircraft Movement Source: Analysis Result

Figure 3 above shows, the forecasting number of arriving passenger (domestic and

international) in 2015 approximately 3,505,234 passengers, in 2020 approximately 4,426,772

passengers, and in 2025 approximately 5,348,310 passengers. The analysis results were based

on the linear trend model (See Table 2): Y = 205,850.9 + 190,359.8 X. The forecasting number

of departing passengers (domestic and international) in 2015 in 2015 approximately 3,215,349

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Passenger

Year

Depart

Arrive

Depart

Arrive

Year

Aircraft

S.A Adisasmita and S.H Aly

passengers, in 2020 approximately 4,076,532 passengers, and in 2025 approximately 4,937,716

passengers. The analysis result was based on the linear trend model (See Table 2): Y =

172,101.2 + 178,183.7 X.

Figure 4 above shows, the forecasting number of arriving aircrafts (domestic and

international) in 2015 as many as 42,830 aircrafts, in 2020 as many as 52,874 aircrafts, and in

2025 as many as 62,919 aircrafts. The analysis result was based on the linear trend model (See

Table 2): Y = 8,933.32 + 2,008.84 X. The forecasting number of departing aircrafts (domestic

and international) in 2015 as many as 42,545 aircrafts, in 2020 as many as 52,356 aircrafts, and

in 2025 as many as 62,166 aircrafts. The analysis result was based on the linear trend model

(See Table 2): Y = 9,064.52 + 1,962.06 X.

Peak Hour at Airport Waiting Room

The peak hour at airport waiting room in the time period from August 2008 until

January 2011 happened on 22 July 2010 as many as 4,159 passengers at 7:00 to 08:00 am.

Airport Waiting Room Capacity

The airport waiting room capacity and seats capacity can be seen in the tables below.

Table 3 Airport Waiting Room Capacity

No Year Area Wide of

Waiting Room Waitng Room

Capacity Departure Passenger

& Transit

1 2010 7,457.82 4,166.37 4,159

 Source: PT.Angkasa Pura 1

Table 3 above shows the airport waiting room capacity of 7,457.82 m2 and can serve as

many as 4.16 passengers.

Table 4 Seat Capacity

No Year Available

Seat

Departure Passenger &

Transit

Ratio of Passenger to Seat

1 2010 1,528 4,159 2,721   Source: PT.Angkasa Pura 1

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S.A Adisasmita and S.H Aly

Table 4 above shows the availability seats capacity as much as 1,528 seats to the ratio

of passenger at peak hour conditions at 1:2.7.

. Aircraft Forecasting at Peak Hours

The influence on aircraft forecasting at peak hours in 2015, 2020 and 2025 can be seen

in the table below

 Table 5 Number of Aircrafts at Peak Hours

No Aircraft Demand at Peak Hours 2015 Variables

2020 2025

1 Peak Hour Factor (Cp) 0.090 0.088 0.074

2 Daily Aircraft Movement, (daily), (Md.) 233.91 288.30 342,696

3 Aircraft Movement at Peak Hour (Mp) 22 24 26

4 Aircraft Movement, (annually), (My) 85,376 105,229 125,084

From the table 5 above, it can be seen that aircraft movements in peak hours, daily and

annually movements increase in 2015, 2020 and 2025 respectively.

Forecasts on Airport Waiting Room in the Future

Forecastng on airport waiting room in 2015, 2020 and 2025 can be seen in the tables below.

Table 6 Forecasting on Airport Waiting Room in 2015, 2020 and 2025

   Aircraft Type(The Biggest)

No of Aircrafts at Peak Hour

No of Passengers at Peak Hours

Width Requirementon Airport Waiting

Room (m²)

Seats Requirementon Airport Waiting

Room (Unit)

   

Existing Condition

B747- (2015)B-747 (2020)B-747 (2025)

222426

4,385 9,98410,816

(7,457.82)

10,065.73 11,438.5312,811.33

(1,528)

(1,877) 4,576(2,267) 5,200 (2,692) 5,824

 Source: Analysis Result

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S.A Adisasmita and S.H Aly

From the table 6 above, it can be seen that number of aircrafts at existing condition and

aircrafts if assuming the operation of B-747 and passengers at peak hours, and also the

forecasting of width and seats requirement on airport waiting rooms will increase in 2015, 2020

and 2025 respectively.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION  

As the conclusion in this study can be stated that (a) the analysis results on airport

waiting room capacity at existing condition at Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport viewed

from the total area of 7,457.82 m2 toward the airport waiting room area at peak hour is still able

to serve passengers until 2025 with the assumption that the movement of the aircraft is using

the current type, (b) the analysis results using the assumption of B-747 (biggest aircraft

operated) required the development of the airport waiting room of 10,065.73 m2 for 2015,

11,438.53 m2 for 2020, 12,811.33 m2 for 2025, (c) the analysis results on airport waiting room

performance at existing condition viewed from the total seats of 1,528 units was no longer able

to serve passengers, such that need to develop additional number of seats for 1,877 units for

2015, 2,267 units for 2020 and 2,692 units for 2025, (d) the analysis results using the

assumptions of B-747 (biggest aircraft operated) required the development of airport waiting

room of 4,576 units for 2015, 5,200 units for 2020, and 5,824 units for 2025, and (e) from the

observation at the Airport Waiting Room, Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport, it seems

that passengers accumulated at Gate 4 and 5, while the other gates were inversely related.

The recommendation in this study can be stated that (a) to anticipate the existing

condition at peak hour, it is expected to distribute departing passengers into 6 gates and adding seats at

the densest gates, i.e. gates 4 and 5, and (b) to anticipate the increasng number of international

passengers, it is expected to improve the service level to passenger, i.e. seating capacity,

comfort in airport waiting room, etc.

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