letters and sounds a brief history of writing sam foss and katie kupferschmidt
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![Page 1: Letters and Sounds A Brief History of Writing Sam Foss and Katie Kupferschmidt](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649d575503460f94a364c7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Letters and SoundsA Brief History of Writing
Sam Foss
and
Katie Kupferschmidt
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• There can be no doubt that writing grew out of
drawing
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Ideographic or Logographic Writing
When symbols come to stand for ideas corresponding to individual words and each word
is represented by a separate symbol
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Tie Coon
Tycoon
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Rebuses
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Semetic Writing to Greek Alphabet
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Adding Vowels
• Yod >> iota (i)
• The Consanant
he >> epsilon (E)
• Gimel>> gamma
• Daleth>> delta
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Romans adopt Greek Alpha Bet
• Changed the forms of some letters:– Curved gamma (C), delta (D), and pi (P)
• Some letters maintained their form:– Epsilon (E)– H
• Addition of the letter G
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a
Ox >>>>> Aleph >>>>> Alpha >>>> Modern A
Form changes over time…
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Digraphs
• Pairs of letters to represent single sounds, or even longer sequences like the German trigraph sch
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Runes
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THE (Brief) HISTORY OF ENGLISH WRITING
• When the English came to Britain runic writing was a highly specialized craft
• Christianity
• Introduction of
Norman-French customs
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Insular Handwriting
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THE (Brief) HISTORY OF ENGLISH WRITING Cont…
Gradually the letters of the alphabet assumed their
present number.
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white alphabet a-z graffitisource: puregraffiti
Vs. Ancient Semetic
My how times change… Or not?
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English Consonant SoundsThe Stops:
Bib, ruby, ebb, rabble,
bride, naked, pick,
Bacon, trek
The Fricative:
Raffle, off, phantom,
Bathe, thin, fizzle, vise
The Affricates:
Major, surgeon, budget,
Educate, spinach,
church
The Nasals:
Mum, summer, time,
Honor, inn, finger
The Liquids:
Lapel, felon, hole, rear,
Baron, err, bare
The Semivowels:
Won, which, yet, chignon
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English Vowel Sounds
Front Vowels:
Evil, cede, been, ape,
Basin, gray, bet, threat,
Central Vowels:
But, calm, aunt, solder
Back Vowels:
Ooze, too, rude, roof,
Good, road, toe, owe,
All, law, talk,
Diphthongs:
Ride, my, style, dye,
Eye, aisle, oil, boy
Vowels before [r]:
Mere, bare, urge, art,
Poor, oar, fire
Unstressed vowels:
Coffee, taxi, bucket, melon,
Window, remedy, butter,
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Spelling Pronunciations
• Example:
The t of often has come
to be pronounced once
again.
Popular misunderstanding that many people suppose that the ‘best’ speech is that which conforms most closely to the writing system.
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Pronunciation Spellings
When a word’s spelling
Is changed to agree
With its pronunciation.
• Examples:
Perculate for percolate
Momento for memento
Spicket for spigot