lesson review1 itel460

8/8/2019 Lesson Review1 ITEL460

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ITEL 460

Intro to Computer Programming


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Useful Terms

Program Set of instructions that

cause the computer to do

something.

Code Programming statements

that you write. Compiler Converts code into

something the computer can run.


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Terms

Application Files that have been

compiled into an execution

program

Stored Program these are

instruction

splaced into thecomputers memory.

Memory stores the data


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Computer Programming the process of writing

the sets of instructions that make up this job.

Application Software Packages - Programs

required for common business and personal

applicationssuch as word processing or

spread

sheet

scan be purcha

sed from

softwarevendors orstores that sell computer products.


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Application Development the process of

using programming language or

development environment to build software

applications.

Project Files that you create that make up

your applications. Control Tools that allow the program to

interact with the user.


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Bugs An error in the program

Debug Correcting the errorsso theprogram will execute.

Hardware The physical equipment

of the computer.

Software - Makes the computer

useful.


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Structured Programming

Is a methodology used to facilitate translating

the problem being analyzed.

Known asModular Programming

Is a subset of procedural programming thatenforces a logical structure on the program

being written to make it more efficientand easier

to understandand modify.


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Flowchart

Is a design tool used to represent the logic ina solution algorithm graphically.

Each step in the process flow is represented

by a differentsymbol and contain

sa

shorttext description of the processstep in the

flow chart symbol.


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Three basic control structure

SEQUENCE SELECTION

REPETITION


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Sequence Control Structure

Is used to show a

single action or one

action followed in

order (sequentially) byanother.

Actions can be input,

processes, or output.


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Ex1:

Total = PrelimGrade + MidtermGrade

+ SemifinalGrade + FinalGrade

AverageG = Total/4


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Ex2

GrossPay = HoursWorked *

HourlyRate

Ded401K = GrossPay * 0.055

Medicare = GrossPay * 0.0145

SocSec = GrossPay * 0.0765

TotDeductions = Ded401K +

Medicare + SocSec

NetPay = GrossPay - TotDeductions


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Selection ControlStructure

Is used to tell the program which action to take,

based on a certain condition.

When the condition is evaluated, its result either

is true or false. If the result of the condition is true, one action is

performed; if the result is false, a different action

is performed.


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selection control structure

allows one set ofstatements to be

executed if a condition is true andanotherset of actions to be executed

if a condition is false.


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Selection

Structure


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Selection

Structure


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Repetition Control Structure


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Aselection structure, also called an "If-Then-

Else" structure, is flowcharted as follows:


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Also called looping or iteration, is used when a

set of actions is to be performed repeatedly.

Looping is the process of repeatedly executingone or more steps of an algorithm or program; it

is essential in programming, as most programs

perform repetitious tasks.


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Every loop consists of the following three parts:

(1)The loop termination decision - determines when (underwhat condition) the loop will be terminated (stopped).

It is essential that some provision in the program be madefor the loop to stop; otherwise, the computer would continue

to execute the loop indefinitely - a loop that doesn't

stop i

scalled an endless loop or infinite loop.

When a program getsstuck in an endless loop,programmerssay that the program is "looping".


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(2)The body of the loop - the step orsteps of the algorithmthat are repeated within the loop. This may be only one

action, or it may include almost all of the program

statements.(3)Transfer back to the beginning of the loop - returns

control to the top of the loop so that a new repetition

(iteration) can begin.


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Thewhile Repetition Structure

Example:int product = 2;

while ( product


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The Program Development Life Cycle

Is used to develop programs.

Also called, system development cycle or

system development life cycle.

Analysis Phase

Design Phase

Code the Program

Test and debug the Program

Formalize the solution

Maintain the Program


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Pseudo Code

Allows the programmer to focus on the

steps required to solve the problem (

rather than on how to use the

programming language).

Easy to translate into actual Visual Basic

Code.


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Advantages of Pseudo code

It is compact

Looks a lot like the code

Easy to translate to actual code Preferred by many programmers.


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Example1 (non-computer)

Brush teeth

Wash faceComb hair

Smile in mirror


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Ex2

Ifstudent's grade is greater than or equal to 60

Print "passed"else

Print "failed"


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Example 2

READ height of rectangle

READ width of rectangleCOMPUTE area as height times width


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Example3

IF HoursWorked > NormalMax THEN

Display overtime message

ELSE

Display regular time message

ENDIF


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Ex3

pseudocode for a bubble sort routinemight be written as:

while not at end of listcompare adjacent elements

ifsecond is greater than first

switch them

get next two elementsif elements were switched

repeat for entire list


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Common Action Keywords

Several keywords are often used to indicate commoninput, output, and processing operations.

Input:READ, OBTAIN, GET

Output: PRINT, DISPLAY, SHOWCompute: COMPUTE, CALCULATE,

DETERMINE

Initialize: SET, INIT

Add one: INCREMENT, BUMP


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Exercises

1. Write a program that obtains two integer

numbers from the user. It will print out the

sum of those numbers.


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Pseudocode:

Prompt the user to enter the first integer

Prompt the user to enter a second integer

Compute the sum of the two user inputs

Display an output prompt that explains theanswer as the sum

Display the result


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Name:

Subject:

Topic: Pseudocode

Specs:

Write a program to calculate the cost of material for a dress. It will allow

the user to enter the number of yards of material. The final cost will be

displayed along with an appropriate output message.

Use P 50.00 as cost per yard of the material. The final cost is the cost peryard times the number of yards as inputted by the user.

You are guaranteed as a precondition that the user will enter a whole

number between or including 1 and 100 only.


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Pseudocode (answertoProb)

the user inputs the number of yards of material into a text

box and clicks a button

store the user's input (# of yards) into an Integer variable

multiply the number of yards by 50 and store that product ina Double variable

display the final cost with an output prompt message

allow the user to exit the program by clicking an Exit button

at any time


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E-references

http://flint.cs.yale.edu/cs112/notes/L08six.

pdf

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