Lesson No:12

Introduction to Internet

CHBT-01 Basic Micro process & Computer Operatio

Introduction to Internet

Internet Familiarity, Usage PrefaceThe Internet is the world's largest network. It has revolutionized the way in which people communicate with each other. It is actually a network of networks. This module aims at familiarizing you with fundamentals of the Internet, how it functions.The session consists of the history of the Internet. It also contains various advantages of Internet with the definition of World Wide Web. It gives an introduction to various browsers available for Internet access.

Introduction to Internet

Introduction to Internet Define the communication protocol of the Internet

Understand the addressing system in the Internet Learn how to access the Internet.

Understand the various services of the Web:• Search Engines•Universities on the Web• Chat Rooms• Electronic Commerce

Introduction to Internet

Sources Required for InternetComputerModemISP : Internet Service ProviderTelephone lineWeb Browser

Introduction to Internet

What is the Internet? Internet is an inter-connection between several computers of different

types belonging to various networks all over the globe. It is a network of networks. The Internet being a packet switching network, data is transmitted by converting it into small packets. The software that is responsible for making the Internet function efficiently is TCP/IP, which stands for Transmission Control Protocol /Internet Protocol.

Accessing Internet Proper access to the Internet depends on two things, namely, the user's

interface connection and the installed browser. Different networks provide different kinds of services and connections. The type of connection chosen by the user will depend on the purpose for which the user intends to use the Internet.

Introduction to Internet

Speed of Internet connectivity depends upon the Medium used and theconfiguration of the Computer system being used. Speed is measured in Kilo Bits per Second (KBPS) normally known as

the baud rate of the instrument being usedWWW- World Wide Web and Web Browsers WWW is a series of servers that are interconnected through hypertext.

Hypertext is a method of presenting information in which certain text is highlighted that, when selected, displays more information on the particular topic.

The user can use the browser software like Internet Explorer, Mosaic or Netscape Navigator to navigate the Web. A browser is a software that helps the user to navigate the WWW. The Web is a graphic medium with most Web pages having some amount of images.

Introduction to Internet The term home page commonly refers to the index page (with link) of

any organization or information source. Common Terminologies Some of the most commonly-used terminologies related to www are:

Browser— is client software that allows the user to display and interact with a hypertext document.

Web server—is a place where pages reside. It is a program that responds to requests from Web browsers to retrieve resources. It is also used to refer to the computer that runs the server programs.

Home page—is the first hypertext document displayed when the user follows a link to the Web server.

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)—is the encoding scheme used to create a Web document.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)—is a protocol used on the Web to transfer hypertext documents. A protocol is a set of rules that the computers use to communicate logically.

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)—is a Web addressing scheme that spells out the exact location of an Internet resource. When the user clicks on a link, the browser reads the link to the document. The information about the link is provided to the browser by the URL. Any link from one document to another is always implemented by using a URL. A URL contains information about the location of the document.

Web BrowsersThe browser is the program which is necessary for surfing the internet.examples of web browsers.Internet ExplorerNetscapeMozillaFire foxOpera

Introduction to Internet

Introduction to Internet