lesson integrating literature and grammar
DESCRIPTION
This is a presentation of a lesson with an integration of literature and grammar.TRANSCRIPT
Edith Hamilton(an abridged short story from the original
novel “The Odyssey” by Homer.)
Unlocking Vocabularies
1. Prophetess (‘pra-fe-tes) - a female prophet
2. Fleet (flit) – warship
3. Sacked (saekt) – captured
4. Arrogance (‘ae-ro-gence) – boastfulness
5. Voyage (vo-ij’) - journey / trip
The Greek literature is one of the oldest yet popular literary
resources that has ever made. It reflects the ingenuity and the
creativity of the people during the ancient era.
Plot
Greek fleet journeys back to Sparta. Athena gets angry
because Ajax hurt Cassandra. Poseidon and Athena conjured to send big waves to sweep Greek fleet and destroy them. Ajax was
killed. Menelaus has gone to Egypt and Odysseus was alive but
wandered for 10 years.
I II III IV V VI VII
Plot
In Ithaca, Penelope is pursued by suitors across the land. She hated them and contrives a strategy to prolong their wait. Telemachus
asked helped from Athena. Athena disguised as seafarer and told him to
build a ship. He was jeered by the suitors and went to the sea and prayed again. This time Athena
disguised as Mentor. They left at night and went to Nestor.
III III IV V VI VII
Plot
They arrived at Nestor’s abode but he doesn’t know any news about Odysseus. He told them to go to
Menelaus. They arrived at Sparta afterwards and attended a banquet.
Menelaus told a story about Menelaus and Helen saw that
Telemachus look like Odysseus. Telemachus asked Menelaus about
his father. Menelaus told him that he was in Calypso’s Island.
IIII II IV V VI VII
Plot
Meanwhile, upon Zeus’ command to free Odysseus, Hermes told Calypso to build a ship and send him away. Odysseus sailed home but Poseidon
saw him and he sent big waves. Odysseus woke up and saw that he
was in an island. He saw women bathing and asked help to Nausicaa. She told him to go to his father alone and asked for help. There, he told his
story about his journey.
IVI II III V VI VII
Plot
His journey started from sailing 9 days in the sea and arrived at Lotus
Eaters – Cyclops Polyphemus – Country of Winds (King Aeolus) – Country of Laestrygons – Aeaea
(Circe’s lair) – Erebus (Persephone and Hades) – Sirens – Scylla and
Charybdis – The Island of the Sun – Calypso’s Island – Country of
Phaenicians
VI II III IV VI VII
Plot
Odysseus sailed home and successfully arrived at Ithaca.
Athena talked to him and turned him as a poor man.
Eumaea helped him went to his house. Telemachus headed
home and went to Eumaea and saw his father. They went home
and saw Penelope’s suitor.
VII II III IV V VII
Plot
Penelope told that if anyone sent straight the arrow from
the holes of twelve rings. Odysseus shot the suitors and he all killed them. Penelope
rejoined with Odysseus.
VII II III IV V VII
Elements of A Short Storyo Characters – is a person, sometimes even
an animal who takes part in the action of a short story or other literary work.
o Setting – is the time and place in which the story happens.
o Plot – is a series of events and character actions that relate to the central conflict.
o Conflict – is a struggle between people or things in a story.
o Theme – is the central idea or belief in a short story.
You have to remember that...
An act of heroism and a valiant soul will always prevail and
conquer everything that hinders you to be successful.
Gerunds are one of the three classification under verbals. These are verbs forms that functions as nouns.
In forming the gerund, you should always remember the formula:
main verb + ing
For example:journey + ing = journeyingbelieve + ing = believingdestroy + ing = destroying
4 Functions of Gerunds in a Sentence
Gerunds functions as subjects in the sentence.
Example:o Voyaging back home took Odysseus
forever.o Caring for Odysseus is the passion of
Calypso.o Talking to Teiresias warned Odysseus
about the sacred oxen.
Subject
4 Functions of Gerunds in a Sentence
usually follows after the transitive verb and answers the question who or what.
Example:o Odysseus kept waiting for a sail
homebound. o Telemachus cannot bear seeing her
mother weep.o Poseidon detests looking for Athena.
Direct Object
4 Functions of Gerunds in a Sentence
usually follows after a linking verb /auxiliary verb.
Example:o Polyphemus’ revenge is prolonging the
journey of Odysseus.o Circe’s evil magic is weakening the
assembly of Odysseus.o Athena’s plan is helping Odysseus find a
way.
Subject Complement
4 Functions of Gerunds in a Sentence
usually follows after a preposition.
Example:o Ino, the sea-goddess, succeeded in
helping Odysseus.o By using his eternal prowess, Odysseus
sent straight the arrows.o Athena encouraged Telemachus about
voyaging.
Object of the Preposition
Directions: Find the gerund word and identify its function in the sentence.
1. Athena hated seeing Telemachus cry out of loneliness.
2. Calypso’s love for Odysseus was preventing her to set him free.
3. Penelope missed spending her day with Odysseus.
4. Longing was Odysseus’ hardest trial.
5. Nausicaa finds happiness in doing the laundry.
Direct Object
Subject Complement
Direct Object
Subject
Ob of the Preposition
6. Odysseus’ journey involves fighting a lot of monsters.
7. Menelaus kept narrating about the war.
6. In keeping with his tradition, Telemachus honored Menelaus.
7. Penelope’s suitors were jeering Telemechus.
6. Crying was the only resort of Odysseus to ease his pain.
Direct Object
Direct Object
Ob of the Preposition
Subject Complement
Subject
Thank You for Listening
Prepared by:
Kristine P. Canaya
BSEd-English 4A