lesson 7b: carbohydrates
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Lesson 7b: Carbohydrates. Ose – sugar Fruct – fruit Mal - bad Mono – one Di – two Herb – plant Carn – flesh Vor - eat. Carbs 17:33: http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=3092FF69-912E-493B-97DA-66FEDDCF9DC6&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US. CH 2 OH. O. H. H. H. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Lesson 7b: CarbohydratesOse – sugarFruct – fruitMal - badMono – oneDi – twoHerb – plantCarn – fleshVor - eat
Carbs 17:33: http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=3092FF69-912E-493B-97DA-66FEDDCF9DC6&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US
Regents Biology 2006-2007
Carbohydrates:OH
OH
H
H
HO
CH2OH
HH
HOH
O
Energy molecules
Carbohydrates Building block molecules =
sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugarsugar
sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar
sugars
sucrose
Carbohydrates Function:
quick energy energy storage structure
cell wall in plants
Examples sugars starches cellulose (cell wall)
glucoseC6H12O6
starch
Sugars = building blocks Names for sugars usually end in
glucose fructose sucrose maltose OH
OH
H
H
HO
CH2OH
HH
H
OH
O
glucoseC6H12O6
sucrose
fructose
maltose
-ose
Building carbohydrates Synthesis
|Fructose1 sugar
|Glucose1 sugar
monosaccharides
|Sucrose
2 sugars linked(table sugar)
disaccharide
BIG carbohydrates Polysaccharides
starch energy storage in plants
potatoes glycogen
energy storage in animals in liver & muscles
cellulose structure in plants
cell walls chitin
structure in arthropods & fungi exoskeleton
Digesting starch vs. cellulose
starcheasy todigest
cellulosehard todigest
enzyme
enzyme
Cellulose Cell walls in plants
herbivores can digest cellulose well most carnivores cannot digest cellulose
that’s why they eat meat to get their energy & nutrients
cellulose = roughage stays undigested keeps material
moving in your intestines
Cowcan digest cellulose well; no need to eat other sugars
Gorillacan’t digest cellulose well; must add another sugar source, like fruit to diet
Helpful bacteria How can cows digest cellulose so well?
BACTERIA live in their stomachs & help digest cellulose-rich (grass) meals