lesson 5: hormones€¦ · •hormones are directly secreted into blood or interstitial fluid...

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Lesson 5: Hormones Endocrine System

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Page 1: Lesson 5: Hormones€¦ · •Hormones are directly secreted into blood or interstitial fluid •They bind to receptors on target cells and cause a response inside the cell •Cells

Lesson5:HormonesEndocrineSystem

Page 2: Lesson 5: Hormones€¦ · •Hormones are directly secreted into blood or interstitial fluid •They bind to receptors on target cells and cause a response inside the cell •Cells

Hormones

•Whatisahormone?•Chemicalmessengers•EndocrineSystem•Secretehormonesintotheblood

Page 3: Lesson 5: Hormones€¦ · •Hormones are directly secreted into blood or interstitial fluid •They bind to receptors on target cells and cause a response inside the cell •Cells

EndocrineSystem

•Growth•Development•Reproduction•Behavior•Energy•Metabolism•Waterbalance

Page 4: Lesson 5: Hormones€¦ · •Hormones are directly secreted into blood or interstitial fluid •They bind to receptors on target cells and cause a response inside the cell •Cells

Endocrinevs.NervousSystem

• EndocrineiscontrolledbytheNervoussystem

•NervousSystem:coordinatesrapidresponsestostimuliviaactionpotentials(electricalsignals)• EndocrineSystem:coordinatesslower,long-termresponsesusingchemicalsignals(hormones)

Page 5: Lesson 5: Hormones€¦ · •Hormones are directly secreted into blood or interstitial fluid •They bind to receptors on target cells and cause a response inside the cell •Cells

TargetCells

•Hormonesaredirectlysecretedintobloodorinterstitialfluid• Theybindtoreceptorsontargetcellsandcausearesponseinsidethecell• Cellshavespecificreceptorsforthathormone• Performthebody’sresponsetothehormonalsignals

Page 6: Lesson 5: Hormones€¦ · •Hormones are directly secreted into blood or interstitial fluid •They bind to receptors on target cells and cause a response inside the cell •Cells

FluidMosaicModel

• Semipermeable:Allowinguptakeofnutrients,eliminationofwaste,whilemaintainingaprotectedenvironment•Phospholipidbilayer

Page 7: Lesson 5: Hormones€¦ · •Hormones are directly secreted into blood or interstitial fluid •They bind to receptors on target cells and cause a response inside the cell •Cells

2Typesofhormones

•Protein hormones• Steroid hormones

•Differinchemicalstructure andaction

Page 8: Lesson 5: Hormones€¦ · •Hormones are directly secreted into blood or interstitial fluid •They bind to receptors on target cells and cause a response inside the cell •Cells

Water-solublePathway

•Water-soluble•Cannoteasilycrosscellmembranes•Bindtoareceptoron thecellmembranethatactivatesasignalwithinthecell

Page 9: Lesson 5: Hormones€¦ · •Hormones are directly secreted into blood or interstitial fluid •They bind to receptors on target cells and cause a response inside the cell •Cells

Water-solublePathway

• Hormonereleased(firstmessenger)• Bindstoareceptormolecule• Receptorchangesshape• Activateanenzyme(adenylylcyclase)thatconvertsATPàcyclicAMP(adenosinemonophosphate)• Secondmessengerinthecytoplasm

Page 10: Lesson 5: Hormones€¦ · •Hormones are directly secreted into blood or interstitial fluid •They bind to receptors on target cells and cause a response inside the cell •Cells

Lipid-solublePathway

•Passeasilythroughcellmembranes•Bindstoareceptorinsidethecytosolornucleusofacell•Activateaninternalresponse

Page 11: Lesson 5: Hormones€¦ · •Hormones are directly secreted into blood or interstitial fluid •They bind to receptors on target cells and cause a response inside the cell •Cells

Lipid-solublePathway

• Hormonediffusesfromacell• Attachtoaninternalreceptorproteininthecytoplasmornucleus• Hormone-receptorcomplexattachestoDNAwithacomplementaryshape• Activatesordeactivatesthegenetocontroltheamountofproteinthatissynthesized

Page 12: Lesson 5: Hormones€¦ · •Hormones are directly secreted into blood or interstitial fluid •They bind to receptors on target cells and cause a response inside the cell •Cells

FeedbackMechanisms

• Secretionofmosthormonesisregulatedbynegativefeedback• Thechemicalthatisaffectedattheendofthepathwaycancontrolfurtheraction• Caninhibitandearlierchemicalreaction

Page 13: Lesson 5: Hormones€¦ · •Hormones are directly secreted into blood or interstitial fluid •They bind to receptors on target cells and cause a response inside the cell •Cells

Homework

•HandoutQuestions

• REVIEWLESSON3and4!!!!!!!

• GUESSWHAT!!!!!!QUIZTOMORROW!!!!!!!

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