Teacher Prep

• Make 15 Envelopes with colored spectra charts in each envelop.

• Cornell Note Paper probably won’t have time to do Cornell Notes

• Red Shift Blue Shift Assignment

• In lesson 7 save time to correct the Self Starter Assignment.

Lesson 6Evidence of The Big Bang

Theory

Mr. Petersen

Earth Science

9th Grade

Self Starter * 40 Points * 9/3/2014 * Lesson 6Today’s Learning Objective and Questions

Write Everything * Don’t Abbreviate or shorten this assignment

•Today’s Learning Objective: After today’s lesson you will be able to use a spectrograph to figure out how close certain galaxies are to earth.

•Essential Question: Draw light waves comparing blue light with red light.

•Answer: Blue = |||||| Red = | | | | | |

•Today’s Homework: Review Spectrograms

Assignment Log * Portfolio 1Assignment

Number Assignment TitleLesson Number

1 Disclosure Statement 1

2 Scavenger Hunt 1

3 Glossary List 2

4 Important Points 3

5 Big Bang Balloons Lab 4

6 Envelope Red Shift Blue Activity Shift Sheet 6

7

8

9

10

Glossary List

1. Astronomy-

2. Big Bang Theory-

3. Nebular Theory

4. Red Shift-

5. Blue Shift-

6. Galaxy cluster-

7. Doppler effect-

3

Announcement

•Even though I’m not having you write all of the following information you still have to know it!•If you need to study this information for Friday’s quiz go to the lesson 6 on my website: mrpetersenscience.weebly.com

Teacher Read

How has technology changed our understanding of the Big Bang Theory?

•Red Shift and blue shift spectrums help us to understand whether the universe is expanding or contracting.

•Hubble Space Telescope was invented to show us move stuff about the universe.

•Scientists are always improving on ideas from other scientists.

Student Read * This Reading Shows Us How Scientists improve each other’s work:• A Belgian priest, Georges Lamaître (La mont ray), was the

first to develop a “big bang” theory. In 1927, after studying red shifts of galaxies, he proposed that the universe began with an immense infusion of pure energy into space.

• Later, Edwin Hubble discovered that the speed of a galaxy moving away from Earth was proportional to its distance. This relation was predicted by Lamaître’s theory.

• Then, in 1964, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered the cosmic background radiation, which was also predicted by Lamaître's theory.

Teacher Read * What does this paragraph show?

•This shows that scientist continue to look at other scientists work and they constantly improve upon each others knowledge.

•Scientific theories are the cumulative result of evidence from many scientists.

6:46

Teacher Explanation of next activityScientists use spectrographs to determine the composition of distant stars and galaxies. The spacing of dark lines on the spectrum is unique to each element. Relative motion of these stars and galaxies can be studied by observing the location of the dark lines.

Teacher ExplanationOn the next slide are examples of hydrogen spectra from four different galaxies. Choose the sequence that places the galaxies in order of furthest away from Earth to nearest.

See If you are correct by checking the next slide. Practice: Sometimes the spectra may be upside down.

X, Y, W, & Z

Use the following spectrographs to figure out which galaxy is closest to earth. Practice:

A

B

Closest to earth is? B

Use the following spectrographs to figure out which galaxy is closest to earth.

A

B

Closest to the earth is? A

Use the following spectrographs to figure out which galaxy is closest to earth. Sometimes the spectra may be upside down.

A

B

Closest to the Earth Is? A

Spectrograph Interpretation RulesWrite this information on you Activity Sheet

1. If the galaxy is moving away from us it will show red shift.

2. A spectrogram shows red shift if the colors are shifting to the red color in the spectrum.

3. As the colors move toward the red, the red color will get skinnier and the blue will get wider.

4. The skinnier the red is the faster the galaxy is moving away from us.

5. Just the opposite occurs with blue shift.

6. A scientist can tell which direction a star is spinning by using red and blue shift.

Spectrograph Envelopes

• I’m going to give you real spectra to interpret.

•Have students get into groups of 4.

•Give each group an envelop with spectrograms in each envelop.

•Have the students remove the contents from the envelop.

•Each Student must write and answer the following questions about the spectra.

•Decide what the answers are as a group.

•Go to the next slide.

Questions

• Look at the spectra in the envelope and attempt to answer the questions. In each case the top spectra represents our sun.

1. Which of the galaxies are moving towards us?

2. Which of the galaxies are moving away from us?

3. Which galaxy is moving away at the greatest speed?

Galaxy A Galaxy B Galaxy C

This is the spectrograph that will be in the envelopes.

Pass Out Cornell Note Paper

7

Topic: Astronomy Date: 9/1/2014

1. Science provides evidence that the Universe is more than 13 billion years old.

2. The most accepted theory states that the universe expanded explosively from a hot, dense chaotic mass.

3. Gravity causes clouds of the lightest elements to condense into massive bodies.

4. The mass and density of these bodies may become great enough for nuclear fusion to occur.

5. Nuclear fusion only happens in stars and in our sun. Fusion happens when atoms join together.

6. Nuclear fission happens in nuclear reactors and this is when atoms split apart.

Cornell Notes

• HELP WITH QUESTIONS/Main Ideas:

• What is nuclear fusion? When atoms join together. This reaction happens on the sun not on the earth.

• What is nuclear fission? When atoms split apart. This can happen on earth during a nuclear explosion.

• Make up 2 more questions from your notes.

Do a Summary of What you have Learned today