lesson 2 - dna structure and replication
TRANSCRIPT
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LEGO® DNA DNA Structure & Replication
With slides fromLEGO DNA/RNA Booklet 1
© The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reservedKV Version 4-22-11
LEGO Lesson 2 PPT DNA
Kathy Vandiver, Ph.D. and Amanda Gruhl, Ph.D. Community Outreach and Education Program, Center for Environmental Health Sciences (CEHS),
MIT, Cambridge MA
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DNA what else do they call it?
© The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reservedKV Version 4-22-11
Demonstrate the structure of DNA with teacher LEGO Model
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DNA what else do they call it?
A double helix…. Why?
© The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reservedKV Version 4-22-11
Demonstrate the structure of DNA with teacher LEGO Model
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DNA what do they call it? 1) Look at the LEGO model
See the twist/ spiral? that is a “helix”
See the 2 strands? See why DNA is called “the double helix?”
2) See how the 2 strands look like backbones? “Sugar + phosphate” LEGO = backbones 3) See any repeating parts? Nucleotides These small molecules are found in the nucleus. “Nucleotides are in the nucleus”. Easy to remember!
© The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reservedKV Version 4-22-11
Demonstrate the structure of DNA with teacher LEGO Model
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DNA opens up in the middle!
© The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reservedKV Version 4-22-11
Demonstrate the structure of DNA with teacher LEGO Model
Demonstrate how DNA can unzip!
REASON– The nucleotides are held together in the middle by very weak bonds.
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Remember about the nucleus. It has lots of free nucleotides + DNA
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Look at kit compartments/ see labels. Learn about DNA & RNA nucleotides
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What makes a nucleotide? Base, sugar, phosphate
Each person can do this activity. Do this page and continue on page 7
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What makes a nucleotide? Base, sugar, phosphate
Which two are bigger?
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Discover which DNA bases work together to make the DNA ladder
Each person can do this activity. Do this page and continue on page 7
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Early scientists were puzzled by Chargaff’s rules #A=#T and #C= #G
Each person can do this activity. Count your A, T, C, Gs A = ? C= ? T = ? G= ?
Chargaff’s rules: A=T and C= G
Did it work? Why must they be equal ?
© The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reserved
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Practice opening up the DNA. When does the cell open the DNA ?
Each person can do this activity.
Review: DNA is like a street –it has strands running in 2 opposite directions. DNA always pairs a big and a small nucleotide together.
© The LEGO Group and MIT All rights reserved
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Model the vocabulary words: DNA Gene and Chromosome
4 Students join their DNA sections (genes) together into one chromosome.
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DNA Replication! The cell will become two cells soon. Needs to copy the DNA
Put away nucleotides. Each team builds the DNA below. Continue pages 10, 11, 12
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Continue Replicating the DNA pages 10, 11, 12
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Continue Replicating the DNA pages 10, 11, 12
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DNA Replication is complete ! Look at the results. Are both the same? Where did the original DNA go?
DNA Replication! Check out what happened.
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DNA Replication Lesson Completed. Next slides are about DNA codons.
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Three nucleotides in a row means a certain amino acid.
Use the gene strips to help you learn about codons.
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Three nucleotides in a line means a certain amino acid.
Build with the gene strips
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Three nucleotides means a amino acid. Decode the protein message here !
Look up the DNA codons on page 16 & 17. Place the cards under the codon
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