leiksfkr ike ¼rkm+½ rsy dk lqj -...
TRANSCRIPT
lEiksf"kr ike ¼rkM+½ rsy dk lQjdSls vkidh daiuh “kq: dj ldrh gSa
Inside cover:© Audra Melton / WWF-US
Front cover: © Mazidi Abd Ghani / WWF-Malaysia
dSls vkidh daiuh “kq: dj ldrh gSa
lEiksf"kr ike ¼rkM+½ rsy dk lQj
lLVsuscy ¼laiksf"kr½ ike rsy ¼rkM+ ds rsy½ ds fy;s
pqukSrh
Hkkjr esa ike rsy vPNs miHkksäk mRiknksa dh foLr`r lhek esa ,d vke ?kVd gSA Hkkjr esa ike rsy vPNs miHkksäk mRiknksa dh foLr`r lhek esa ,d vke ?kVd gSA gkykafd] bl ouLifr rsy ds bLrseky ls Xykscy okfeaZx ds fy, uqdlku vkSj gkykafd] bl ouLifr rsy ds bLrseky ls Xykscy okfeaZx ds fy, uqdlku vkSj dqN lcls uktqd m".kdfVca/kh; o"kkZou ds uqdlku ls tqM+k gqvk ekuk tk jgk dqN lcls uktqd m".kdfVca/kh; o"kkZou ds uqdlku ls tqM+k gqvk ekuk tk jgk gSA ijarq ;g ns[kuk gS fd fdl rjg ls Hkkjrh; daifu;ksa lek/kku dk fgLlk gks gSA ijarq ;g ns[kuk gS fd fdl rjg ls Hkkjrh; daifu;ksa lek/kku dk fgLlk gks ldrh gSa vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr djuk gS fd Hkfo"; esa vPNh rjg ls ike rsy dh ldrh gSa vkSj ;g lqfuf'pr djuk gS fd Hkfo"; esa vPNh rjg ls ike rsy dh vkiwfrZ feyrh jgsA vkiwfrZ feyrh jgsA
ike rsy ,d çdkj dk ouLifr rsy gS ftls nqfu;k Hkj esa lHkh ç;ksx djrs gS tSls [kkuk idkus ds rsy ds :i esa rFkk çlaL—r [kk| inkFkZ l–'k p‚dysV cklZ] vkblØhe] rqjar uwMYl] vkSj —f=e eD[kuA rkM+ ds rsy ds latkr lkSan;Z çlk/ku] lkcqu] 'kSaiw vkSj fMVtsaZV esa Hkh bLrseky fd;s tk jgs gSaA ike rsy dks ,d tSo bZa/ku ds :i esa Hkh bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gSA dbZ rjg ls mu ns'kkas esa rkM+ rsy ,d vn~Hkqr Qly gS tgka ;g mxrh gS&eq[; :i ls eysf'k;k vkSj baMksusf'k;k esa] ysfdu ikiqvk U;w fxuh esa Hkh] rFkk rsth ls vÝhdk vkSj ySfVu vesfjdk esaA rkM+ Qly dk thoudky 25&28 lky dk gksrk gS vkSj nqfu;k esa fdlh Hkh vU; Qly dh rqyuk esa çfr gsDVs;j Hkwfe esa bldh mit vf/kd gksrh gSA og lky esa ,d ckj esa mxus okyh vU; Qlyksa dh rqyuk esa Hkh moZjd] dhVuk'kd vkSj ikuh ij vis{kk—r de fuHkZj gSaA
ike rsy m|ksx egRoiw.kZ lkekftd ykHkksa dk ,d lzksr gS D;ksafd ;g xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa jkstxkj çnku djrk gS rFkk mRiknd ns'kksa esa vkfFkZd fodkl ds fy, ;ksxnku nsrk gSA n~l yk[k ls vf/kd dkexkj] rhl yk[k ls vf/kd NksVs fdlku vkSj vusd ifjokj ike rsy ds mRiknu esa 'kkfey gSaA
ike rsy ds ckjs esa ,slk D;k [kkl gS\ike rsy ds ckjs esa ,slk D;k [kkl gS\
Indonesia
53%
Malaysia
32%
Columbia
2%
Nigeria
2%
Others
8%
Thailand
3%
Global
Palm Oil
Production
Source: USDA, 2015
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baMksusf'k;k vkSj eysf'k;k esa ike rsy dk djhc 86% oSf'od
mRiknu gksrk gSA
bu dkj.kksa ls] ike rsy dk Hkkx] fo'o ds ouLifr mRiknu & yxHkx 175 fefy;u Vuksa & esa ls yxHkx ,d frgkbZ gSA
o"kZ 2014&2015 esa rkM+ ds rsy ds yxHkx 62 fefy;u Vu dk mRiknu gqvkA o"kZ 2050 esa ;s ekax 77 yk[k Vu rd igqapus dh mEehn gS rkfd nqfu;k dh c<+rh vkcknh dks f[kykus esa enn gks ldsA Hkkjr vkSj phu tSls mHkjrh vFkZO;oLFkkvksa dh le`f) dh o`f) ds chp oSf'od ike rsy dk 15 çfr'kr vkSj 9 çfr'kr Øe'k% miHkksx gksrk gSA ike rsy dh [kir dk 60 çfr'kr phu] ;wjksi] Hkkjr] baMksusf'k;k vkSj eysf’k;k esa dsafær gSA
Others
39%
Indonesia
17%
India
15%EU
11%
China
9%
Malaysia
5%
Pakistan
4%
Global
Palm Oil
Consumption
ike rsy dh [kir dk 60 çfr’kr
phu] ;wjksi] Hkkjr] baMksusf’k;k vkSj
eysf’k;k esa dsafær gSA
Source: USDA, 2015
Global Palm Oil Consumption
Global Palm Oil
Production
Global Palm Oil
Consumption
85% 19%
US2%
EU12%
INDIA15%
CHINA12%1.2 Mt
Mt = Million tonnes
6.56 Mt
8.25 Mt
6.39 Mt
A handful of countries such as India, China, along with the European Union market, absorb a major share of the world’s palm oil.
Sources: USDA 2012 and FAOSTAT 2012
1 FAO, 2006, World agriculture: towards 2030/2050. Prospects for food, nutrition, agriculture and major commodity groups. Interim report.
INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA:
94% MALAYSIA 4% INDONESIA
26% MALAYSIA 32% INDONESIA
31% MALAYSIA 66% INDONESIA
55% MALAYSIA 44% INDONESIA
3
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INDIA
INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA ACCOUNT FOR MAJORITY OF
THE IMPORTED PALM OIL IN INDIA, ACCOUNTING FOR
60% AND 39% RESPECTIVELY IN 2014-2015
THE INDIAN PALM OIL MARKET IS
MOSTLY CONTROLLED BY LARGE
TRADING AND REFINING COMPANIES
WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT
PALM OIL USE IN INDIA?
OF INDIA’S IMPORTED PALM OIL IS USED AS
EDIBLE OIL, OF WHICH 50% IS IN THE FORM OF
COOKING OIL AND 20% IN VANASPATI95%
Palm oil
Rapeseed
Soybean
Other
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
100
80
60
40
20 45%
14%
16%
25%
44%
14%
16%
25%
46%
15%
16%
24%
44%
14%
17%
25%
45%
14%
17%
25%
PALM OIL DOMINATES
THE TOTAL CONSUMPTION
OF VEGETABLE OILS IN
INDIA SINCE 2010
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INDIA IMPORTED
ABOUT 8.85 MILLION TONNES
OF PALM OIL IN 2014-2015
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
IS THE LARGEST IMPORT
MARKET FOR PALM OIL
. ... . . . . . . ..... .......... ..
Source: USDA, 2015
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rkM+ dk rsy ,d
leL;k cu tkrh gS
ike rsy ds fy, ekax dh o`f) gksus ij m".kdfVca/kh; o"kkZou ds bykdksa dh dVkbZ i;kZIr fo'kky o`{kkjksi.k ds fy, djh tkrh gSA
baMksusf'k;k vkSj eysf'k;k ds çeq[k ike rsy mRiknd {ks=ksa esa fiNys 10 o"kksaZ esa yxHkx ,d frgkbZ ouksa dk uqdlku ike rsy dh otg ls FkkA tc taxyksa dks fxjk;k tkrk gS vkSj nyny lw[k tkrs gSa rFkk vDlj ty Hkh tkrs gSaA cM+s {ks=ksa esa /kqa/k QSy tkrh gS tks yksxksa ds LokLF; dks çHkkfor djrh gS vkSj ftlls vkfFkZd xfrfof/k;ksa esa [kyy iM+rk gSA oSf'od Lrj ij ou uqdlku ds çHkko vkSj Hkh vf/kd ukVdh; gSaA isM+ksa vkSj ouLifr ds /kq,a esa :ikarj.k ;k lM+us ds fy, NksM+ fn;k tkrk gS rFkk nyny Hkh lw[k tkrs gSa rc okrkoj.k esa Xykscy okfeaZx ds fy, ;ksxnku nsus okyh xzhu gkml xSl NwVrh gSaA ekuo çsfjr xzhugkml xSl mRltZu dk 15 çfr'kr ouksa dh dVkbZ] ou fxjkoV vkSj nyny Hkwfe ds mRltZu ds dkj.k gksrk gSA
tc taxy fldqM+rs gSa mlh rjg ls yqIrçk; çtkfr;ksa tSls lqek=k Vkbxj vkSj jkbuks] gkFkh vkSj cksfuZ;ks&çtkfr;ksa ds vkjaxqVku vkSj xSaMsa] tks vc foyqIr gksus ds dxkj ij gSa] ds ?kj Hkh fldqM+rs gSaA çk—frd ouksa dh gkfu dk eryc ouksa ls feyus okyh lsokvksa tSls lkQ ikuh vkSj feêh dk dVko fu;a=.k ds :i esa gkfu gSaA tc leqnk;ksa ds fy, egRoiw.kZ ouksa dks gVk;k tkrk gS rks yksx viuh t+ehu vkSj vkthfodk dHkh dHkh vius ?kjks dk Hkh [kks nsrs gSaA ÞlkQÞ ike rsy dh fuckZ/k vkiwfrZ lqfuf’pr djus ds fy, lHkh daifu;ksa dks] tks fd mRiknu] O;kikj ;k ike rsy dk mi;ksx djrs gSa] laiksf"kr ike rsy dh fn'kk esa vkxs c<+us dh t:jr gs rkfd 'ks"k m".kdfVca/kh; taxyksa dks R;kxuk uk iMs+ ;k Xykscy okfeaZx esa vfrfjä ;ksxnku uk gksA
laiksf’kr ike rsy ij xksyest laiksf’kr ike rsy ij xksyest lEesyu ¼vkj-,l-ih-vks-½ ds lEesyu ¼vkj-,l-ih-vks-½ ds
vuqlkj o"kZ 1990 vkSj 2010 ds vuqlkj o"kZ 1990 vkSj 2010 ds chp cM+s iSekus ij rhljs ike chp cM+s iSekus ij rhljs ike
rsy foLrkj ds chp baMksusf'k;k] rsy foLrkj ds chp baMksusf'k;k] eysf'k;k vkSj ikiqvk U;w fxuh eysf'k;k vkSj ikiqvk U;w fxuh
esa çR;{k ou uqdlku gqvk ¼dqy esa çR;{k ou uqdlku gqvk ¼dqy yxHkx 35 yk[k gsDVs;j½A yxHkx 35 yk[k gsDVs;j½A
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2 USEPA, http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/global.html
Source: WWF-Australia
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vkt dsoy 400 lqek=k ds ck?k] taxy esa jgrs gSaA muds fuokl esa o{kkjksi.k vc rkM+ vkSj yM+dh ls gks pqdk gSSA
mRiknksa ij vkj-,l-ih-vks- VªsMekdZ ls miHkksäkvksa ds fy, vk’oklu çnku feyrk gS fd mRiknksa ij vkj-,l-ih-vks- VªsMekdZ ls miHkksäkvksa ds fy, vk’oklu çnku feyrk gS fd mRiknksa esa çekf.kr laiksf’kr ike rsy dk mi;ksx fd;k x;k gS rFkk rsy ds mRikn esa mRiknksa esa çekf.kr laiksf’kr ike rsy dk mi;ksx fd;k x;k gS rFkk rsy ds mRikn esa mi;ksx ls i;kZoj.k ;k dks lekt dks uqdlku ugha gqvk gSAmi;ksx ls i;kZoj.k ;k dks lekt dks uqdlku ugha gqvk gSA
MCY;wMCY;w,Q vkj-,l-ih-vks- dk ,d laLFkkid lnL; gS vkSj dk;Zdkjh cksMZ dh cSBd dk fgLlk Hkh gSA MCY;wMCY;w,Q dk y{; fujarj lq/kkj vkSj ekudksa dk dM+kbZ ls ykxw djus ds fy, gS rkfd laj{k.k ykHk feyrk jgs vkSj leqnk;ksa dks ykHk igqapkrs jgsA
LFkk;h ike rsy D;k gS\
ike rsy dh [ksrh bu leL;kvksa ds fcuk Hkh djh tk ldrh gSA MCY;w MCY;w ,Q dks fo'okl gS fd ike rsy m|ksx bl rjg fodflr dj ldrs gS fd i;kZoj.k vkSj lekt dks uqdlku uk gksA ouksa dh dVkbZ vkSj lkekftd leL;kvksa ds fy, ;ksxnku ls cpus ds fy, rkM+ ds rsy ds [kjhnnkj] laiksf"kr ike rsy ij xksyest lEesyu ¼vkj-,l-ih-vks-½ tks ,d varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij lfVZfQds'ku Ldhe esa 'kkfey gks ldrs gSa tks mRikndksa dks lapkyu ds fy, l[r i;kZoj.k vkSj lkekftd ekudksa dks ykxw djus ds fy, ck/; fd;k x;k gSaA
2004 esa MCY;wMCY;w,Q] ,,ds] ds ,y ds] lSalcjh] ;wuhyhoj vkSj nwljksa ds }kjk LFkkfir vkj-,l-ih-vks- ,d varjjk"Vªh; xSj ykHk igy gS tks 500 ls vf/kd ike rsy mRikndksa] rsy çkslslj] fuekZrkvksa] [kqnjk foØsrkvksa] xSj ljdkjh laxBuksa vkSj rkM+ ds rsy ds fuos'kdksa dks ,d lkFk ykrk gS ftudk lkekU; y{; gS fodkl vkSj laiksf"kr ike rsy ds mi;ksx dks c<+kok nsukA
vkj-,l-ih-vks- us ys[kk ijh{kk o`{kkjksi.k] feyksa vkSj vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk ds fy, Lora= ç.kkyh ds lkFk feydj ftEesnkj rkM+ ds rsy ds o`{kkjksi.k ds fy, l[r ekudksa dks LFkkfir fd;k x;k gS tks vafre mi;ksxdrkZvksa rd ds fy;s gSA bu ekudksa esa fuEu “kkfey gSa%
vkj-,l-ih-vks- }kjk çekf.kr laiksf"kr ike rsy ekg uoacj 2008 ds ckn miyC/k fd;k x;k gS bl vk'oklu ds lkFk fd ;s ike rsy ewY;oku m".kdfVca/kh; taxyksa dks fcuk fdlh uqDlku ds çnku fd;k gS rFkk i;kZoj.k vkSj lkekftd lqj{kk mik;ksa dks ike rsy ds mRiknu ds nkSjku viuk;k gSA blds vykok] vkj-,l-ih-vks- çek.khdj.k ls o`{kkjksi.k dh oS/krk dh iqf"V gksrh gSA
20% oSf’od ike rsy dk mRiknu
tks çekf.kr laiksf’kr ike rsy ¼CSPO½ gSA
34 yk[k gsDVs;j
rhl yk[k ls vf/kd gsDVs;j esa rkM+ ds rsy vkj-,l-ih-vks- ds ekudksa ds vuqlkj çekf.kr
fd;s x;s gSA
laiksf"kr ike rsy ij xksyest lEesyu ¼vkj-,l-ih-vks-½ ekudksa ds dsUæ esa vko';drk bl ckr dh gS fd çkFkfed taxy ;k oU; thou vkSj leqnk;ksa ds fy, egRoiw.kZ t+ehu dks u gVk;k tk;sA RSPO esa ,sls ekud gSa ftlesa feêh dk dVko] çnw"k.k] LokLF; vkSj lqj{kk] Je dh fLFkfr tks fd LFkk;h ike rsy dh ifjHkk”kk dks cukrs gSaA
ikjnf’kZrk ds çfr çfrc)rk
ykxw dkuwuksa vkSj fu;eksa dk vuqikyu
yach vof/k ds foÙkh; vkSj vkfFkZd O;ogk;Zrk ds çfr çfrc)rk
mRikndksa vkSj feyksa }kjk mfpr loksZÙke çFkkvksa dk mi;ksx
i;kZoj.k ds fy;s ftEesnkjh vkSj çk—frd lalk/kuksa vkSj tSo fofo/krk ds laj{k.k
mRikndksa rFkk feyksa }kjk çHkkfor deZpkfj;ksa] vkSj O;fä;ksa vkSj leqnk;ksa ds fy;s ftEesnkj çfrQy
ub ikS/k dk ftEesokjh ds lkFk fodkl
xfrfof/k {ks=ksa esa fujarj lq/kkj ds fy, çfrc)rkA
6
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cgqjk’Vªh; daifu;ka ;wfuyhoj] okyekVZ] vkSj eSdM‚uYM~l bR;kfn }kjk oSf”od ftEesnkfj;ksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, çfrc)rkvksa rkfd laiksf"kr rkM+ ds rsy ds ,d oSf”od vkiwfrZ jgs ftldk lHkh ns'kksa esa çeq[k çHkko iM+sxk tks oSf'od ftEesnkfj;ksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, dne mBk;saxsA LFkkuh; daifu;k tksfd bldk ikyu ugha djrh vklkuh ls oSf”od cktkj ds cnyrs ifj–”; esa ihNs NqV tk;saxh tks LFkkuh; daifu;ksa gksaxh tksfd fons”kksa esa mRiknu dk;ksaZ dh LFkkiuk dj jgh gSa ftuls ike rsy ds mRiknu ds fy, oSf'od fLFkjrk ekudksa dks viukus dh mEehn gksxhA
LFkk;h ike rsy lksflaZx djds] daifu;k fuEufyf[kr ykHk dh mEehn dj ldrh gSa%
dSls laiksf"kr ike rsy dk mi;ksx djus ls ,d daiuh
dks ykHk feyrk gS\
nqfu;k ds dbZ fgLlksa esa lapkfyr djus ,oae laiksf’kr djusanqfu;k ds dbZ fgLlksa esa lapkfyr djus ,oae laiksf’kr djusa ds fy, ,d ds fy, ,d ykblsal curk tk jgk gS tks t:jrksa ds ckjs esa O;olk;ksa ds çfr c<+rh ykblsal curk tk jgk gS tks t:jrksa ds ckjs esa O;olk;ksa ds çfr c<+rh tkx:drk ds lkFk&lkFk LFkk;h dPps eky ds Hkfo"; dh vkiwfrZ ds tkx:drk ds lkFk&lkFk LFkk;h dPps eky ds Hkfo"; dh vkiwfrZ ds fy, miHkksäkvksa dh ifj"—r ekax ds dkj.k tks vius mRiknksa ds ewy fy, miHkksäkvksa dh ifj"—r ekax ds dkj.k tks vius mRiknksa ds ewy ds ckjs esa vf/kd ijokg djrs gSaA ds ckjs esa vf/kd ijokg djrs gSaA
7
mRiknd & mRiknd &
ckxku vkSj fey Lrj ij ÅtkZ] —f"k jlk;u vkSj ikuh ds :i esa lkexzh ds csgrj mi;ksx ls ifjpkyu n{krk esa o`f) gqbZ gS
csgrj Je vkSj deZpkjh laca/kksa] de la?k"kZ.k vkSj eukscy dh o`f) ih ,aM lh ds rgr çn'kZu ladsrd ds :i esa loksZÙke lkekftd çFkkvksa ds ek/;e ls gqbZ ifjyf{kr gqbZ gS
varjk"Vªh; fVdkÅ oLrq [kjhn ekunaMksa ds vuq#i ;wjksih; la?k vkSj mÙkjh vesfjdk tSls mPp ewY; ds cktkjksa esa igqaps
cSadksa vkSj foÙkh; laLFkkvksa ls lkQ lqFkjh iw¡th dk vfHkxe tks rsth ls dM+s bZ,lth tksf[ke ewY;kadu ra= dks viuk jgs gSa
vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk drkZ & vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk drkZ &
vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk ds of/kZr le> ls csgrj vkiwfrZ tksf[ke çca/ku tksfd vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk çek.khdj.k dh çfØ;k ds ,d Hkkx ds :i esa vkSj laHkkfor [krjs ds {ks=ksa dh igpku ds :i esa
lkoZtfud laca/k vkSj d‚iksZjsV Nfo ykHk mRikn yscfyax vkSj lapkj nkoksa ds fodYi ds ek/;e ls vkj-,l-ih-vks- ekudksa dks viukus rFkk Hkqukus dh {kerk
voS/k rkM+ ds rsy ds mUewyu ds ek/;e ls dkuwuh vkSj fu;ked vuqikyu vkSj vkj-,l-ih-vks- vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk ekudksa dks viukus ds ek/;e ls çfr"Bk eqíksa ds laHkkfor gkfu dh jksdFkke
rsth ls Hkkjr tSls fodflr cktkjksa esa LFkku ysus ls çfrLi/kkZRed ykHk tgka orZeku CSPO dk Lrj de gSa vkSj CSPO ds fy, ekax esa o`f) gksus tk jgh gSA
çfrc)rkvksa ls laiksf"kr ike rsy dh of)
oSf'od Lrj ij dbZ cM+h daifu;ka igys ls gh o"kZ 2015 ls dsoy oSf'od Lrj ij dbZ cM+h daifu;ka igys ls gh o"kZ 2015 ls dsoy çekf.kr laiksf"kr ike rsy mi;ksx djus ds fy;s çfrc) gSaA blesa çekf.kr laiksf"kr ike rsy mi;ksx djus ds fy;s çfrc) gSaA blesa nqfu;k dh lcls cM+h fjVsyj o‚yekVZ] lkFk gh [kk| lsok dh fnXxt nqfu;k dh lcls cM+h fjVsyj o‚yekVZ] lkFk gh [kk| lsok dh fnXxt daiuh eSdM‚uYM~l Hkh 'kkfey gSaAdaiuh eSdM‚uYM~l Hkh 'kkfey gSaA
[kqnjk foØsrkvksa vkSj fuekZrkvksa }kjk laiksf"kr ike rsy ij gqbZ çxfr ij çdk'k Mkyus ds fy;s MCY;wMCY;w,Q fu;fer :i ls ike rsy ds [kjhnkjksa ds vadrkfydk çdkf'kr djrk gSA LdksjdkMZ çn'kZu djrk gS fd dkSu lh daifu;ksa laiksf"kr rkM+ ds rsy ds fy;s çfrc) gqbZ] fdUgksaus bls [kjhnuk 'kq: dj fn;k gS vkSj dkSu lh vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk ,slk djus ds fy, ç;ksx dj jgs gSaA
Hkkjr vkSj baMksusf'k;k igys gh rkM+ ds rsy ds fy, lcls cM+s cktkj ds :i esa ;wjksi ls vkxs fudy pqds gSaA tkfgj gS] çekf.kr laiksf"kr ike rsy dh vksj oSf'od cktkj f'k¶V djus esa] Hkkjr] baMksusf'k;k vkSj phu tSls ns'kksa esa laiksf"kr rkM+ ds rsy ds fy, muds mi;ksx dks c<+kus dh t:jr gksxhA
nqfu;k ds ckdh fgLlksa esa i;kZoj.k ij vius infpà dks de djus ds fy;s Hkkjr esa vk;kfrr ike rsy dh fo'kky jkf'k dks ns[krs gq, daifu;ka leFkZu c<+k ldrh gSaA dsoy çekf.kr laiksf"kr ike rsy dk lzksr nsus ds fy, Hkkjrh; daifu;ksa lkQ rkM+ ds rsy ds ,d Hkfo"; dh vkiwfrZ lqfuf'pr djrs gq, Hkh i;kZoj.k vkSj tyok;q ij muds vk;kr ds oSf'od çHkko ds fy, ftEesnkjh ysus dh fn'kk esa ,d dne mBk ldrh gSaA
oSf'od çfrc)rkvksa ds lkFk dqN daifu;ksa 2015 rd laiksf"kr ike rsy ¼vkj-,l-ih-vks-½
fo'ks"k :i ls çekf.kr mi;ksx djsaxhA
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laiksf"kr rkM+ ds rsy ds
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dk leFkZu
MCY;wMCY;w,Q fLFkjrk dh fn'kk esa ike rsy ds cktkj ds ifjorZu dk MCY;wMCY;w,Q fLFkjrk dh fn'kk esa ike rsy ds cktkj ds ifjorZu dk leFkZu djus ds fy, fo'o Lrj ij dke djrk gS] vkSj gekjh j.kuhfr leFkZu djus ds fy, fo'o Lrj ij dke djrk gS] vkSj gekjh j.kuhfr ike rsy ;qä mRiknksa dh iwjh vkiwfrZ Ja[kyk nsus dh gSA MCY;wMCY;w,Q ike rsy ;qä mRiknksa dh iwjh vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk nsus dh gSA MCY;wMCY;w,Q ds gLr{ksi esa 'kkfey gSa%ds gLr{ksi esa 'kkfey gSa%
MCY;wMCY;w,Q uhfr] mRiknu] [kqnjk vkSj miHkksäk ds Lrj
ij ike rsy J`a[kyk dks cnyus ds fy, fLFkjrk dh
fn'kk esa dke djrk gS
GOVERNMENT
Financing Producing Processing
TradingManufacturing
Retail Consumers
COMPANIES
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ike rsy ds mRiknu esa loksZÙke çFkkvksa ds fy, lgefr ekudksa ¼tSls vkj-,l-ih-vks- ekudksa vkSj muds dk;kZUo;u½ dks etcwr djus ds fy, ike rsy dh vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk ds lkFk dk;Z djuk
mBku ds csgrj çca/ku ds rjhds lqfuf'pr dj] mRikndksa ds lkFk dk;Z
[kjhnkjksa ds chp laiksf"kr ike rsy ds fy, c<+rh ekax
foÙkh; laLFkkuksa ds lkFk dke djrs gq,] laiksf"kr ike rsy ds mRiknu ds fy, ekudksa dks viukus dh igy
NksVs fdlkuksa }kjk LFkk;h ike rsy ds mRiknu çFkkvksa dk mBku c<+kuk
ljdkj dh uhfr;ksa dks c<+kok nsuk tks nksuksa fuekZrk vkSj cktkj ds ns'kksa esa fLFkjrk ekudksa ds d"kZ.k leFkZu esa gS
voØfer Hkwfe ij rkM+ ds rsy ds fodkl dks c<+kok nsukA
MCY;wMCY;w,Q Hkkjr dh Hkwfedk
MCY;wMCY;w,Q&bafM;k Hkkjrh; ike rsy m|ksx }kjk i;kZoj.k dh –f"V ls mfpr] lkekftd :i ls ykHkçn vkSj vkfFkZd :i ls O;ogk;Z çFkkvksa dks c<+kok nsuk pkgrk gS%
i;kZoj.k vkSj lkekftd lLVsuscy ¼laiksf"kr½ ike rsy ds lkFk tqM+h leL;kvksa ij tkx:drk QSykuk
Hkkjr esa ike rsy ds fy, vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk dk feyku
Hkkjr esa vkj-,l-ih-vks- dks lgkjk nsuk
mu daifu;ksa dks çksRlkfgr djuk tks vk;kr O;kikj vkSj ike rsy [kjhnus ds fy, vkj-,l-ih-vks- esa 'kkfey gksa
Hkkjrh; daifu;ksa dks çHkkfor djuk rkfd og ,d le;c) ;kstuk ds vuqlkj çekf.kr laiksf"kr ike rsy [kjhnus ds fy, çfrc) gksaA
lky 2015 rd Hkkjr esa vkj-,l-ih-vks- ds 44 lnL; cu x;s gSa] tks lky 2011 esa çkjafHkd 4 lnL; ls egRoiw.kZ o`f) gSA 7 Hkkjrh; daifu;ksa us vkj-,l-ih-vks- çek.ki= çkIr fd;k gS ftlesa dekuh rsy m|ksx vkSj xSysDlh ljQSDVsaV~l vkj-,l-ih-vks- çek.k i= çkIr djus okyh nks Hkkjrh; daifu;ksa cu xbZ gSA
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laiksf"kr ike rsy ds lkFk çkjaHk djuk
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MCY;wMCY;w,Q&bafM;k dk Hkkjrh; ike rsy m|ksx ds lnL;ksa ds MCY;wMCY;w,Q&bafM;k dk Hkkjrh; ike rsy m|ksx ds lnL;ksa ds fy, vkxzg%fy, vkxzg%
,d ekud iathdj.k çfØ;k ds ek/;e ls vkj-,l-ih-vks- dk lnL; ç;Ru djsa vkSj vkj-,l-ih-vks- dk lfØ; lnL; cusaA
fo'ys"k.k djsa vkSj viuh vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk dk feyku djsa] [kjhns gq;s ike rsy vkSj MsfjosfVo ¼;kSfxd½ ds {ks=ksa dh igpku dh {kerk ds lanHkZ esa laHkkfor lq/kkj yk;saA
LFkk;h ike rsy dh vksj c<+us vkSj vkj-,l-ih-vks- çekf.kr vkiwfrZdrkZvksa dh igpku djus dh fn'kk esa dke djus ds fy, ,d lkoZtfud vkSj le;c) çfrc)rk cuk;saA
vkj-,l-ih-vks- J`a[kyk dh çek.khdj.k ikus ds fy;s vkj-,l-ih-vks- }kjk ekU;rk çkIr ,d çekf.kr cksMh dh ys[kk ijh{kk ls xqtjs rkfd vkiwfrZ J`a[kyk dh v[kaMrk dks cuk, ,oa mRiknksa esa laiksf"kr ike rsy dk nkok fd;k tk ldsA
vlaiksf"kr rkM+ ds rsy ds çHkkoksa ij tkx:drk c<+kus ds fy, vkSj m|ksx ds lexz ykHk ds okLrs çekf.kr LFkk;h ike rsy dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, vU; m|ksx vfHkdrkZ vkSj xSj ljdkjh laxBuksa ds lkFk dke djsaA
ike rsy vfHkuo lewg ¼ih-vks-vkbZ-th-½ }kjk fn, x, ekudksa dks viukus ds ek/;e ls vkj-,l-ih-vks- çek.khdj.k ls vkxs cM+dj LFkk;h lzksrksa ls [kjhnsaA
12
foHkkftr foHkkftr otu ¼nzO;eku½ dk larqyuotu ¼nzO;eku½ dk larqyu Ckqfdax ,oa nkokCkqfdax ,oa nkok@xzhu ike@xzhu ike
lEcU/k esa
• lIykbZ dM+h esa izekf.kr ,oa fVdkÅ ike rsy (CSPO) vyx&vyx izekf.kr lzksrksa ls ysdj feyk;k tkrk gS] ijUrq ikjEifjd ike rsy ls vyx j[kk tkrk gSA
• izekf.kr ,oa fVdkÅ ike rsy (CSPO) ikjEifjd ike rsy ls fefJr fd;k tkrk gSA ;g feJ.k fHkUu izdkj ls gks ldrk gS ysfdu izekf.kr ike rsy dk izfr”kr irk gksuk pkfg,A
• izekf.kr ike mit okys fdlkuksa dks izfr Vu CSPO ds fy, ,d xzhu ike izek.k&i= fn;k tkrk gSA ;s izek.k&i= xzhu ike vizR;{k (virtual) cktkj esa rsy mRikndksa ;k cspus okyksa dks csps tk ldrs gSaA bl iz.kkyh esa CSPO dh HkkSfrd ek=k dk fglkc lIykbZ dM+h esa ugha j[kk tkrk gSA
lzksrksa dh [kkst
• bl O;kikj iz.kkyh esa ike rsy dks fdlh [kkl fey ;k cxhpk ls ugha tksM+k tk ldrk gS] ysfdu ;g fdlh izekf.kr lzksr ls tksM+k tk ldrk gSA
• izekf.kr ike rsy dh ek=k dk fglkc j[kuk blfy, vko”;d gS rkfd mruh gh ek=k dk izekf.kr ike rsy cktkj esa cspk tk;sA bl izdkj otu dk larqyu (MB) fdlh mRikn esa izekf.kr ,oa fVdkÅ ike rsy (CSPO) dk gksuk rks lqfuf”pr ugha djrk] ysfdu ;g lqfuf”pr djrk gS fd izekf.kr ,oa fVdkÅ ike rsy (CSPO) dh mi;qDr ek=k lIykbZ dM+h esa ekStwn gSA
• B&C rsy [kjhnus okys dks lIykbZ dM+h esa izekf.kr ,oa fVdkÅ ike rsy (CSPO) dk vk”oklu ugha nsrk gS ysfdu ;g miHkksDrkvksa dks CSPO dks c<+kok nsus esa enn djrk gSA
vko”;
drk;sa
• lIykbZ dM+h esa vkus okyh lHkh laLFkkvksa@feyksa dks RSPO dk lnL; gksuk pkfg,A
• lIykbZ dM+h esa vkus okyh lHkh laLFkkvksa@feyksa dks *lIykbZ dM+h izekf.kr O;oLFkk* (Supply Chain Certifi cation Systems) }kjk izekf.kr gksuk pkfg, ,oa RSPO eTrace iz.kkyh esa iathd`r gksuk pkfg,A
• lIykbZ dM+h esa RSPO }kjk izekf.kr fVdkÅ ike rsy dks ikjEifjd ike rsy ls vyx j[kus ds fy, mi;qDr izca/ku ,oa nLrkostksa dks lqjf{kr j[kus dh vko”;drk gSA
• lIykbZ dM+h esa vkus okyh lHkh laLFkkvksa@feyksa dks RSPO dk lnL; gksuk pkfg,A
• lIykbZ dM+h esa vkus okyh lHkh laLFkkvksa@feyksa dks *lIykbZ dM+h izekf.kr O;oLFkk* (Supply Chain Certifi cation Systems) }kjk izekf.kr gksuk pkfg, ,oa RSPO eTrace iz.kkyh esa iathd`r gksuk pkfg,A
• lIykbZ dM+h esa RSPO }kjk izekf.kr fVdkÅ ike rsy dh ek=k dk fglkc j[kus ds fy, ,oa ,d laj{k.k dh dM+h cukus ds fy, mi;qDr izca/ku ,oa nLrkostksa dks lqjf{kr j[kus dh vko”;drk gSA ;g izekf.kr ,oa fVdkÅ ike rsy (CSPO) dh nksgjh x.kuk ,oa bls xyr ek=k esa cspus ls jkssdus ds fy, vko”;d gSA
• tks dEifu;kWa xzhu ike izek.k&i= [kjhnrh gSa mudks xzhu ike dk lnL; gksuk vko”;d gS ysfdu mudks RSPO dk lnL; gksuk vko”;d ugha gSA
• dksbZ dEiuh csuke <ax ls Hkh vkWuykbu cktkj esa CSPO izek.k&i= [kjhnus dk nkok dj ldrh gSA
• rsy mRikndksa ,oa cspus okyksa ds fy, ,d xSj&cktk: mik; (Off Market Deal option) Hkh gS ftlds vUrZxr os fdlh RSPO izekf.kr mRiknd ls feydj mldk izekf.kr ike rsy ,d fuf”pr nke ij ;k ek=k esa [kjhn ldrs gSaA
laiksf’kr ike rsy ij xksyest lEesyu (RSPO) – lIykbZ dM+h ds fodYi
Contact WWF-India to discuss how to get started on your journey towards palm oil sustainability
Philip TapsallDirectorSustainable Businessptapsall@wwfi ndia.net
Aditya MisraManagerSustainable Businessamisra@wwfi ndia.net
igy ds fy,] laidZ djsa
wwf.panda.org/palmoil
cktkjhs nkok ,
oa laokn
• RSPO dk VªsM&ekdZ ,slh lHkh mRiknu cLrqvksa ds fy, fd;k tk ldrk gS ftuesa ike rsy dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gS tks fd 95 izfr”kr ls vf/kd izekf.kr foHkkftr (SG) gSA
• **blesa izekf.kr] fVdkÅ ike rsy gS** dk nkok foHkkftr (SG) ike rsy ds fy, fd;k tk ldrk gSA
• RSPO VªsM&ekdZ ds lkFk **fefJr** (Mixed) ysoy ,slh lHkh mRiknu cLrqvksa ds fy, fd;k tk ldrk gS ftuesa ike rsy dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gS tks fd 95 izfr”kr ls vf/kd izekf.kr gSA
• **bldk CSPO ds mRiknu esa ;ksxnku gS** dk nkok MB ike rsy ds fy, fd;k tk ldrk gSA
• B&C lIykbZ dM+h ls vkus okys ike rsy ij RSPO VªsM&ekdZ dk bLrseky ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA ijUrq bl lIykbZ dM+h ls vkus okys ike rsy ij xzhu ike fpUg (logo) dk bLrseky tkudkjh ,oa lapkj ds fy, fd;k tk ldrk gSA
• **bldk CSPO ds mRiknu esa ;ksxnku gS** dk nkok cqfdax ,oa Dyse (B&C) ds fy, fd;k tk ldrk gSA
IND
© 1986 Panda Symbol WWF - World Wide Fund For Nature (Formerly World Wildlife Fund)WWF-India, 172-B, Lodi Estate, New Delhi 110003
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69%Palm oil formed 69% of the total vegetable oil import in India in 2014
7Number of companies with RSPO certfi ciation in India
20%Percentage of palm oil globally cerifi ed by RSPO
15%India’s share of global palm oil consumption
8.85 MTTotal volume of palm oil imported by India in 2014
© D
igital Vision
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