lecture slides: biomechanics case study
DESCRIPTION
The lecture slides of lecture Biomechanics Case Study of the Modelling Course of Industrial Design of the TU DelftTRANSCRIPT
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1Challenge the future
H-L-3
Biomechanics case study
The Modelling TeamFaculty of Industrial Design Engineering
Delft University of Technology
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2Challenge the future
Table of Contents
Digital Human Model
A case study
Tracker
Summary01. The Solidworks® Model
02. Data Source
01. Basic functions
02. Tracking movements
• This is not a complete case study (Demo only)
• The main purpose: How to use the tools
Contents
1
2
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3Challenge the future
Case brief
To explore how much torque a
person applied on his/her shoulder
joint in an abduction movement.
Case brief
Courtesy of http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/adduction
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4Challenge the future
Analysis
Forearm
Upper arm
Hand + Weight
Shoulder joint
System
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5Challenge the future
Modelling - Sketch
1
2
3
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6Challenge the future
Modelling - Model
1
2
3
1 1 2 3 3 5 1 1 2 3 3 5 0
2, 4, 5Measurement (individual) orDigital human model
1, 2, 3, 1, 3
Body mass segments
Tracker
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7Challenge the future
The digital human Model
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8Challenge the future
The model - Components
Romp (trunk)
Hoofd (head)
2* Bovenarm (forearm)
2* Onderarm (lower arm)
2* Hand
2* Bovenbeen (upper leg)
2* Onderbeen (lower leg)
2* Voet (foot)
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9Challenge the future
The model
Size: For your inputs
MV1200-MV2100: Pre-defined
A design table driven DHM: Assembly
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10Challenge the future
For an individual partA design table driven DHM: Part
Size: For your inputs
MV1200-MV2100: Pre-defined
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11Challenge the future
The source of datadined.io.tudelft.nl/dined/
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12Challenge the future
A simplified version The excel file
Attention:1. It is simplification of DINED data;2. It is a linear approximation, the most accurate region is 1473mm~1981mm
Check the validity of your model
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13Challenge the future
How to setup customized dataThe excel file (each part)
Usage
1. Input the desired stature in the blue Region of excel2. Copy the data of “size” to the design table of each part, respectively (use paste values option).
The design table of a component in Solidworks
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14Challenge the future
Sizing - Customize
Using “Size”
Input the desired stature in the excelCopy data regarding the component here
You must modify each components
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15Challenge the future
Direct Sizing – In Assembly
MV-1200
MV-1700
MV-1800
MV-1900
MV-2000
MV-2100
Attention: The validity of your model
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16Challenge the future
Pose
Using mouse drag & move a part
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17Challenge the future
Measurement
1. Click - Tab Evaluate
2. Click - Button Measure
3. Click - The items to be measured
4. The measurements are presented
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18Challenge the future
Measuring length
Upper arm length
0.272 meter
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19Challenge the future
Measuring length
Forearm length
0.238 meter
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20Challenge the future
Measuring length
From wrist to center of the hand
0.07 meter
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21Challenge the future
Body mass segments
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22Challenge the future
Centre of gravity (c.g.) of body segments
Proximal side
Distal side
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23Challenge the future
Mass of body segmentFollowing Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement
Segment SegmentTotal Body Weight
Centre of Mass Segment length
Centre of MassSegment length
Proximal DistalHand 0.006 0.506 0.494
Forearm 0.016 0.43 0.57Upper arm 0.028 0.436 0.564
F'arm+hand 0.022 0.682 0.318Upper limb 0.05 0.53 0.47
Foot 0.0145 0.5 0.5Shank 0.0465 0.433 0.567Thigh 0.1 0.433 0.567
Foot + shank 0.061 0.606 0.394Lower Limb 0.161 0.447 0.553
Head, neck, trunk 0.578 0.66 0.34Head, neck, arms,
trunk 0.678 0.626 0.374
Head and neck 0.081
Ref. http://books.google.nl/books?id=_bFHL08IWfwC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=snippet&q=mass%20segment&f=false
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24Challenge the future
Mass of body segmentby Zatsiorskji and Selujanov (1979), based on athlete's data
Courtesy of http://biomech.ftvs.cuni.cz/pbpk/kompendium/biomechanika/geometrie_hmotnost_en.php
+ +Height (cm)
Mass (kg)Mass of the
segment (kg)
Coefficient
Segment name B0[kg] B1 B2[kg/cm]
Head+neck 1.296 0.0171 0.0143Hand -0.1165 0.0036 0.00175
Forearm 0.3185 0.01445 -0.00114Upperarm 0.25 0.03012 -0.0027
Leg -0.829 0.0077 0.0073Shank -1.592 0.03616 0.0121Thigh -2.649 0.1463 0.0137Trunk
Upper part of the trunk 8.2144 0.1862 -0.0584
Middle part of the trunk 7.181 0.2234 -0.0663
Lower part of the trunk -7.498 0.0976 0.04896
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25Challenge the future
Take a simple approach
If the mass of the person is 60kg
Upper arm
M1= 60 * 0.028 = 1.68
Forearm
M2 = 60 * 0.016 = 0.96
Hand
M3 = 60 * 0.006 = 0.36
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26Challenge the future
Gravity center
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27Challenge the future
The tracker
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28Challenge the future
Tracker
The Tracker is a free video
analysis and modeling tool built
on the Open Source
Physics(OSP) Java framework. It
is designed to be used in physics
education
Tracker
Extract position (angle), velocity
(angular) and acceleration
(angular) of an object in the video
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29Challenge the future
Tracker
http://www.cabrillo.edu/~dbrown/tracker/
Download
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30Challenge the future
Basic interface
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31Challenge the future
Prepare a video for Tracker
Origin markerIncrease the contrast
BackgroundUniform & different
from the subject
The dumbbell You can also use marker to increase the contrast
Camera direction:Perpendicular
Camera range:Enough room to cover the movements
Frame rate: At least 24pResolution: as high as possible
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32Challenge the future
Procedure
Open
Or
Drag video in Tracker
Import video
Setup origin
Tracker
Setup point mass
Export data
Set “desired” video span
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33Challenge the future
Procedure
Import video
Setup origin
Tracker
Setup point mass
Export data
Set “desired” video span
Mouse click
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34Challenge the future
Procedure
Import video
Setup origin
Tracker
Setup point mass
Export data
Set “desired” video span
2. Mouse click
1. Mouse click
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35Challenge the future
Procedure
Import video
Setup origin
Tracker
Setup point mass
Export data
Set “desired” video span
θ X
Y
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36Challenge the future
Procedure
Import video
Setup origin
Tracker
Setup point mass
Export data
Set “desired” video span
Mouse click
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37Challenge the future
Procedure
Fixed
Or
Dynamic (Demo is dynamic)
Import video
Setup origin
Tracker
Setup point mass
Export data
Set “desired” video span
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38Challenge the future
Procedure
Import video
Setup origin
Tracker
Setup point mass
Export data
Set “desired” video span
Mouse click
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39Challenge the future
Procedure
CTRL+SHIFT+Mouse click
Import video
Setup origin
Tracker
Setup point mass
Export data
Set “desired” video span
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40Challenge the future
ProcedureMouse click
Import video
Setup origin
Tracker
Setup point mass
Export data
Set “desired” video span
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41Challenge the future
Procedure
Import video
Setup origin
Tracker
Setup point mass
Export data
Set “desired” video span
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42Challenge the future
Procedure
Mouse click for acccelerations
Import video
Setup origin
Tracker
Setup point mass
Export data
Set “desired” video span
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43Challenge the future
The calculation
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44Challenge the future
The result
Change model to a function
Input anthropometric & biomechanics data
Calculation
Input data from tracker(angle, angular velocity & acceleration)
Plot
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45Challenge the future
The result
Change model to a function
Calculation
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46Challenge the future
The result
Change model to a function
Input anthropometric & biomechanics data
Calculation
Input data from tracker(angle, angular velocity & acceleration)
Plot
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47Challenge the future
The result
Change model to a function
Input anthropometric & biomechanics data
Calculation
Input data from tracker(angle, angular velocity & acceleration)
Plot
Column by column copy your
excel data to arrays in Maple
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48Challenge the future
The result
Change model to a function
Input anthropometric & biomechanics data
Calculation
Plot
Input data from tracker(angle, angular velocity & acceleration)
Torque
Angle
Angular velocity
Angular acceleration
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49Challenge the future
H-A-1 assignments
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50Challenge the future
H-A-1-F
In the new set of dumbbells, CAP Barbell® want to specify the optimal weight and training positions in the manual.
For this, they have asked you to help them to explore the relations between the mass of the dumbbells, the maximum angular velocity, the torques applied on the elbow joints and the start position (angle) as in the figure.
H-A-1-F
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51Challenge the future
Think
Target group
Model
…
Improvements
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52Challenge the future
Report – Logical: Grading Criteria
IntroductionProblem Definition
1 2 3 4
Conclusions & recommendations
Abstract Model with Maple® file (appendix?) Experiment and its contribution in Modelling
Evaluation Optimization (possible new advices?)
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53Challenge the future
Success!
The Modelling TeamFaculty of Industrial Design Engineering
Delft University of Technology