Lecture Notes in Computer Science 12902

Founding Editors

Gerhard GoosKarlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany

Juris HartmanisCornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA

Editorial Board Members

Elisa BertinoPurdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

Wen GaoPeking University, Beijing, China

Bernhard SteffenTU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany

Gerhard WoegingerRWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany

Moti YungColumbia University, New York, NY, USA

More information about this subseries at http://www.springer.com/series/7412

Marleen de Bruijne • Philippe C. Cattin •

Stéphane Cotin • Nicolas Padoy •

Stefanie Speidel • Yefeng Zheng •

Caroline Essert (Eds.)

Medical Image Computingand Computer AssistedIntervention – MICCAI 202124th International ConferenceStrasbourg, France, September 27 – October 1, 2021Proceedings, Part II

123

EditorsMarleen de BruijneErasmus MC - University Medical CenterRotterdamRotterdam, The Netherlands

University of CopenhagenCopenhagen, Denmark

Philippe C. CattinUniversity of BaselAllschwil, Switzerland

Stéphane CotinInria Nancy Grand EstVillers-lès-Nancy, France

Nicolas PadoyICube, Université de Strasbourg, CNRSStrasbourg, France

Stefanie SpeidelNational Center for Tumor Diseases(NCT/UCC)Dresden, Germany

Yefeng ZhengTencent Jarvis LabShenzhen, China

Caroline EssertICube, Université de Strasbourg, CNRSStrasbourg, France

ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic)Lecture Notes in Computer ScienceISBN 978-3-030-87195-6 ISBN 978-3-030-87196-3 (eBook)https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87196-3

LNCS Sublibrary: SL6 – Image Processing, Computer Vision, Pattern Recognition, and Graphics

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of thematerial is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation,broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or informationstorage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology nowknown or hereafter developed.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoes not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevantprotective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book arebelieved to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editorsgive a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors oromissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims inpublished maps and institutional affiliations.

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Preface

The 24th edition of the International Conference on Medical Image Computing andComputer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI 2021) has for the second time been placedunder the shadow of COVID-19. Complicated situations due to the pandemic andmultiple lockdowns have affected our lives during the past year, sometimes perturbingthe researchers work, but also motivating an extraordinary dedication from many of ourcolleagues, and significant scientific advances in the fight against the virus. Afteranother difficult year, most of us were hoping to be able to travel and finally meet inperson at MICCAI 2021, which was supposed to be held in Strasbourg, France.Unfortunately, due to the uncertainty of the global situation, MICCAI 2021 had to bemoved again to a virtual event that was held over five days from September 27 toOctober 1, 2021. Taking advantage of the experience gained last year and of thefast-evolving platforms, the organizers of MICCAI 2021 redesigned the schedule andthe format. To offer the attendees both a strong scientific content and an engagingexperience, two virtual platforms were used: Pathable for the oral and plenary sessionsand SpatialChat for lively poster sessions, industrial booths, and networking events inthe form of interactive group video chats.

These proceedings of MICCAI 2021 showcase all 531 papers that were presented atthe main conference, organized into eight volumes in the Lecture Notes in ComputerScience (LNCS) series as follows:

• Part I, LNCS Volume 12901: Image Segmentation• Part II, LNCS Volume 12902: Machine Learning 1• Part III, LNCS Volume 12903: Machine Learning 2• Part IV, LNCS Volume 12904: Image Registration and Computer Assisted

Intervention• Part V, LNCS Volume 12905: Computer Aided Diagnosis• Part VI, LNCS Volume 12906: Image Reconstruction and Cardiovascular Imaging• Part VII, LNCS Volume 12907: Clinical Applications• Part VIII, LNCS Volume 12908: Microscopic, Ophthalmic, and Ultrasound

Imaging

These papers were selected after a thorough double-blind peer review process. Wefollowed the example set by past MICCAI meetings, using Microsoft’s ConferenceManaging Toolkit (CMT) for paper submission and peer reviews, with support fromthe Toronto Paper Matching System (TPMS), to partially automate paper assignment toarea chairs and reviewers, and from iThenticate to detect possible cases of plagiarism.

Following a broad call to the community we received 270 applications to become anarea chair for MICCAI 2021. From this group, the program chairs selected a total of 96area chairs, aiming for diversity — MIC versus CAI, gender, geographical region, and

a mix of experienced and new area chairs. Reviewers were recruited also via an opencall for volunteers from the community (288 applications, of which 149 were selectedby the program chairs) as well as by re-inviting past reviewers, leading to a total of1340 registered reviewers.

We received 1630 full paper submissions after an original 2667 intentions to submit.Four papers were rejected without review because of concerns of (self-)plagiarism anddual submission and one additional paper was rejected for not adhering to the MICCAIpage restrictions; two further cases of dual submission were discovered and rejectedduring the review process. Five papers were withdrawn by the authors during reviewand after acceptance.

The review process kicked off with a reviewer tutorial and an area chair meeting todiscuss the review process, criteria for MICCAI acceptance, how to write a good(meta-)review, and expectations for reviewers and area chairs. Each area chair wasassigned 16–18 manuscripts for which they suggested potential reviewers using TPMSscores, self-declared research area(s), and the area chair’s knowledge of the reviewers’expertise in relation to the paper, while conflicts of interest were automatically avoidedby CMT. Reviewers were invited to bid for the papers for which they had beensuggested by an area chair or which were close to their expertise according to TPMS.Final reviewer allocations via CMT took account of reviewer bidding, prioritization ofarea chairs, and TPMS scores, leading to on average four reviews performed per personby a total of 1217 reviewers.

Following the initial double-blind review phase, area chairs provided a meta-reviewsummarizing key points of reviews and a recommendation for each paper. The programchairs then evaluated the reviews and their scores, along with the recommendation fromthe area chairs, to directly accept 208 papers (13%) and reject 793 papers (49%); theremainder of the papers were sent for rebuttal by the authors. During the rebuttal phase,two additional area chairs were assigned to each paper. The three area chairs thenindependently ranked their papers, wrote meta-reviews, and voted to accept or rejectthe paper, based on the reviews, rebuttal, and manuscript. The program chairs checkedall meta-reviews, and in some cases where the difference between rankings was high orcomments were conflicting, they also assessed the original reviews, rebuttal, andsubmission. In all other cases a majority voting scheme was used to make the finaldecision. This process resulted in the acceptance of a further 325 papers for an overallacceptance rate of 33%.

Acceptance rates were the same between medical image computing (MIC) andcomputer assisted interventions (CAI) papers, and slightly lower where authors clas-sified their paper as both MIC and CAI. Distribution of the geographical region of thefirst author as indicated in the optional demographic survey was similar among sub-mitted and accepted papers.

vi Preface

New this year, was the requirement to fill out a reproducibility checklist whensubmitting an intention to submit to MICCAI, in order to stimulate authors to thinkabout what aspects of their method and experiments they should include to allow othersto reproduce their results. Papers that included an anonymous code repository and/orindicated that the code would be made available were more likely to be accepted. Fromall accepted papers, 273 (51%) included a link to a code repository with thecamera-ready submission.

Another novelty this year is that we decided to make the reviews, meta-reviews, andauthor responses for accepted papers available on the website. We hope the communitywill find this a useful resource.

The outstanding program of MICCAI 2021 was enriched by four exceptionalkeynote talks given by Alyson McGregor, Richard Satava, Fei-Fei Li, and PierreJannin, on hot topics such as gender bias in medical research, clinical translation toindustry, intelligent medicine, and sustainable research. This year, as in previous years,high-quality satellite events completed the program of the main conference: 28workshops, 23 challenges, and 14 tutorials; without forgetting the increasingly suc-cessful plenary events, such as the Women in MICCAI (WiM) meeting, the MICCAIStudent Board (MSB) events, the 2nd Startup Village, the MICCAI-RSNA panel, andthe first “Reinforcing Inclusiveness & diverSity and Empowering MICCAI” (orRISE-MICCAI) event.

MICCAI 2021 has also seen the first edition of CLINICCAI, the clinical day ofMICCAI. Organized by Nicolas Padoy and Lee Swanstrom, this new event willhopefully help bring the scientific and clinical communities closer together, and fostercollaborations and interaction. A common keynote connected the two events. We hopethis effort will be pursued in the next editions.

We would like to thank everyone who has contributed to making MICCAI 2021 asuccess. First of all, we sincerely thank the authors, area chairs, reviewers, and session

Preface vii

chairs for their dedication and for offering the participants and readers of these pro-ceedings content of exceptional quality. Special thanks go to our fantastic submissionplatform manager Kitty Wong, who has been a tremendous help in the entire processfrom reviewer and area chair selection, paper submission, and the review process to thepreparation of these proceedings. We also thank our very efficient team of satelliteevents chairs and coordinators, led by Cristian Linte and Matthieu Chabanas: theworkshop chairs, Amber Simpson, Denis Fortun, Marta Kersten-Oertel, and SandrineVoros; the challenges chairs, Annika Reinke, Spyridon Bakas, Nicolas Passat, andIngerid Reinersten; and the tutorial chairs, Sonia Pujol and Vincent Noblet, as well asall the satellite event organizers for the valuable content added to MICCAI. Our specialthanks also go to John Baxter and his team who worked hard on setting up andpopulating the virtual platforms, to Alejandro Granados for his valuable help andefficient communication on social media, and to Shelley Wallace and Anna Van Vlietfor marketing and communication. We are also very grateful to Anirban Mukhopadhayfor his management of the sponsorship, and of course many thanks to the numeroussponsors who supported the conference, often with continuous engagement over manyyears. This year again, our thanks go to Marius Linguraru and his team who superviseda range of actions to help, and promote, career development, among which were thementorship program and the Startup Village. And last but not least, our wholeheartedthanks go to Mehmet and the wonderful team at Dekon Congress and Tourism for theirgreat professionalism and reactivity in the management of all logistical aspects of theevent.

Finally, we thank the MICCAI society and the Board of Directors for their supportthroughout the years, starting with the first discussions about bringing MICCAI toStrasbourg in 2017.

We look forward to seeing you at MICCAI 2022.

September 2021 Marleen de BruijnePhilippe CattinStéphane CotinNicolas Padoy

Stefanie SpeidelYefeng ZhengCaroline Essert

viii Preface

Organization

General Chair

Caroline Essert Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICube, France

Program Chairs

Marleen de Bruijne Erasmus MC Rotterdam, The Netherlands,and University of Copenhagen, Denmark

Philippe C. Cattin University of Basel, SwitzerlandStéphane Cotin Inria, FranceNicolas Padoy Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICube, IHU, FranceStefanie Speidel National Center for Tumor Diseases, Dresden, GermanyYefeng Zheng Tencent Jarvis Lab, China

Satellite Events Coordinators

Cristian Linte Rochester Institute of Technology, USAMatthieu Chabanas Université Grenoble Alpes, France

Workshop Team

Amber Simpson Queen’s University, CanadaDenis Fortun Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICube, FranceMarta Kersten-Oertel Concordia University, CanadaSandrine Voros TIMC-IMAG, INSERM, France

Challenges Team

Annika Reinke German Cancer Research Center, GermanySpyridon Bakas University of Pennsylvania, USANicolas Passat Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, FranceIngerid Reinersten SINTEF, NTNU, Norway

Tutorial Team

Vincent Noblet Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICube, FranceSonia Pujol Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s

Hospital, USA

Clinical Day Chairs

Nicolas Padoy Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICube, IHU, FranceLee Swanström IHU Strasbourg, France

Sponsorship Chairs

Anirban Mukhopadhyay Technische Universität Darmstadt, GermanyYanwu Xu Baidu Inc., China

Young Investigators and Early Career DevelopmentProgram Chairs

Marius Linguraru Children’s National Institute, USAAntonio Porras Children’s National Institute, USADaniel Racoceanu Sorbonne Université/Brain Institute, FranceNicola Rieke NVIDIA, GermanyRenee Yao NVIDIA, USA

Social Media Chairs

Alejandro GranadosMartinez

King’s College London, UK

Shuwei Xing Robarts Research Institute, CanadaMaxence Boels King’s College London, UK

Green Team

Pierre Jannin INSERM, Université de Rennes 1, FranceÉtienne Baudrier Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICube, France

Student Board Liaison

Éléonore Dufresne Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICube, FranceÉtienne Le Quentrec Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICube, FranceVinkle Srivastav Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ICube, France

Submission Platform Manager

Kitty Wong The MICCAI Society, Canada

Virtual Platform Manager

John Baxter INSERM, Université de Rennes 1, France

x Organization

Program Committee

Ehsan Adeli Stanford University, USAIman Aganj Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical

School, USAPablo Arbelaez Universidad de los Andes, ColombiaJohn Ashburner University College London, UKMeritxell Bach Cuadra University of Lausanne, SwitzerlandSophia Bano University College London, UKAdrien Bartoli Université Clermont Auvergne, FranceChristian Baumgartner ETH Zürich, SwitzerlandHrvoje Bogunovic Medical University of Vienna, AustriaWeidong Cai University of Sydney, AustraliaGustavo Carneiro University of Adelaide, AustraliaChao Chen Stony Brook University, USAElvis Chen Robarts Research Institute, CanadaHao Chen Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,

Hong Kong SARAlbert Chung Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,

Hong Kong SARAdrian Dalca Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USAAdrien Depeursinge HES-SO Valais-Wallis, SwitzerlandJose Dolz ÉTS Montréal, CanadaRuogu Fang University of Florida, USADagan Feng University of Sydney, AustraliaHuazhu Fu Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence,

United Arab EmiratesMingchen Gao University at Buffalo, The State University

of New York, USAGuido Gerig New York University, USAOrcun Goksel Uppsala University, SwedenAlberto Gomez King’s College London, UKIlker Hacihaliloglu Rutgers University, USAAdam Harrison PAII Inc., USAMattias Heinrich University of Lübeck, GermanyYi Hong Shanghai Jiao Tong University, ChinaYipeng Hu University College London, UKJunzhou Huang University of Texas at Arlington, USAXiaolei Huang The Pennsylvania State University, USAJana Hutter King’s College London, UKMadhura Ingalhalikar Symbiosis Center for Medical Image Analysis, IndiaShantanu Joshi University of California, Los Angeles, USASamuel Kadoury Polytechnique Montréal, CanadaFahmi Khalifa Mansoura University, EgyptHosung Kim University of Southern California, USAMinjeong Kim University of North Carolina at Greensboro, USA

Organization xi

Ender Konukoglu ETH Zürich, SwitzerlandBennett Landman Vanderbilt University, USAIgnacio Larrabide CONICET, ArgentinaBaiying Lei Shenzhen University, ChinaGang Li University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USAMingxia Liu University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USAHerve Lombaert ÉTS Montréal, Canada, and Inria, FranceMarco Lorenzi Inria, FranceLe Lu PAII Inc., USAXiongbiao Luo Xiamen University, ChinaDwarikanath Mahapatra Inception Institute of Artificial Intelligence,

United Arab EmiratesAndreas Maier FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg, GermanyErik Meijering University of New South Wales, AustraliaHien Nguyen University of Houston, USAMarc Niethammer University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USATingying Peng Technische Universität München, GermanyCaroline Petitjean Université de Rouen, FranceDzung Pham Henry M. Jackson Foundation, USAHedyeh Rafii-Tari Auris Health Inc, USAIslem Rekik Istanbul Technical University, TurkeyNicola Rieke NVIDIA, GermanySu Ruan Laboratoire LITIS, FranceThomas Schultz University of Bonn, GermanySharmishtaa Seshamani Allen Institute, USAYonggang Shi University of Southern California, USADarko Stern Technical University of Graz, AustriaCarole Sudre King’s College London, UKHeung-Il Suk Korea University, South KoreaJian Sun Xi’an Jiaotong University, ChinaRaphael Sznitman University of Bern, SwitzerlandAmir Tahmasebi Enlitic, USAQian Tao Delft University of Technology, The NetherlandsTolga Tasdizen University of Utah, USAMartin Urschler University of Auckland, New ZealandArchana Venkataraman Johns Hopkins University, USAGuotai Wang University of Electronic Science and Technology

of China, ChinaHongzhi Wang IBM Almaden Research Center, USAHua Wang Colorado School of Mines, USAQian Wang Shanghai Jiao Tong University, ChinaYalin Wang Arizona State University, USAFuyong Xing University of Colorado Denver, USADaguang Xu NVIDIA, USAYanwu Xu Baidu, ChinaZiyue Xu NVIDIA, USA

xii Organization

Zhong Xue Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence, ChinaXin Yang Huazhong University of Science and Technology,

ChinaJianhua Yao National Institutes of Health, USAZhaozheng Yin Stony Brook University, USAYixuan Yuan City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SARLiang Zhan University of Pittsburgh, USATuo Zhang Northwestern Polytechnical University, ChinaYitian Zhao Chinese Academy of Sciences, ChinaLuping Zhou University of Sydney, AustraliaS. Kevin Zhou Chinese Academy of Sciences, ChinaDajiang Zhu University of Texas at Arlington, USAXiahai Zhuang Fudan University, ChinaMaria A. Zuluaga EURECOM, France

Reviewers

Alaa Eldin AbdelaalKhalid Abdul JabbarPurang AbolmaesumiMazdak AbulnagaMaryam AfzaliPriya AggarwalOla AhmadSahar AhmadEuijoon AhnAlireza Akhondi-AslSaad Ullah AkramDawood Al ChantiDaniel AlexanderSharib AliLejla AlicOmar Al-KadiMaximilian AllanPierre AmbrosiniSameer AntaniMichela AntonelliJacob AntunesSyed AnwarIgnacio Arganda-CarrerasMohammad Ali ArminMd AshikuzzamanMehdi AstarakiAngélica AtehortúaGowtham Atluri

Chloé AudigierKamran AvanakiAngelica Aviles-RiveroSuyash AwateDogu Baran AydoganQinle BaMorteza BabaieHyeon-Min BaeWoong BaeJunjie BaiWenjia BaiUjjwal BaidSpyridon BakasYaël BalbastreMarcin BalickiFabian BalsigerAbhirup BanerjeeSreya BanerjeeShunxing BaoAdrian BarbuSumana BasuMathilde BatesonDeepti BathulaJohn BaxterBahareh BehboodiDelaram BehnamiMikhail BelyaevAicha BenTaieb

Organization xiii

Camilo BermudezGabriel BernardinoHadrien BertrandAlaa BessadokMichael BeyelerIndrani BhattacharyaChetan BholeLei BiGui-Bin BianRyoma BiseStefano B. BlumbergEster BonmatiBhushan BorotikarJiri BorovecIlaria Boscolo GalazzoAlexandre BousseNicolas BoutryBehzad BozorgtabarNathaniel BramanNadia BrancatiKatharina BreiningerChristopher BridgeEsther BronRupert BrooksQirong BuDuc Toan BuiNinon BurgosNikolay BurlutskiyHendrik BurwinkelRussell ButlerMichał ByraRyan CabeenMariano CabezasHongmin CaiJinzheng CaiYunliang CaiSema CandemirBing CaoQing CaoShilei CaoTian CaoWeiguo CaoAaron CarassM. Jorge CardosoAdrià CasamitjanaMatthieu Chabanas

Ahmad ChaddadJayasree ChakrabortySylvie ChambonYi Hao ChanMing-Ching ChangPeng ChangVioleta ChangSudhanya ChatterjeeChristos ChatzichristosAntong ChenChang ChenCheng ChenDongdong ChenGeng ChenHanbo ChenJianan ChenJianxu ChenJie ChenJunxiang ChenLei ChenLi ChenLiangjun ChenMin ChenPingjun ChenQiang ChenShuai ChenTianhua ChenTingting ChenXi ChenXiaoran ChenXin ChenXuejin ChenYuhua ChenYukun ChenZhaolin ChenZhineng ChenZhixiang ChenErkang ChengJun ChengLi ChengYuan ChengFarida CherietMinqi ChongJaegul ChooAritra ChowdhuryGary Christensen

xiv Organization

Daan ChristiaensStergios ChristodoulidisAi Wern ChungPietro Antonio CicaleseÖzgün ÇiçekCelia CintasMatthew ClarksonJaume Coll-FontToby CollinsOlivier CommowickPierre-Henri ConzeTimothy CootesLuca CorinziaTeresa CorreiaHadrien CourtecuisseJeffrey CraleyHui CuiJianan CuiZhiming CuiKathleen CurranClaire CuryTobias CzempielVedrana DahlHaixing DaiRafat DamsehBilel DaoudNeda DavoudiLaura DazaSandro De ZanetCharles DelahuntYang DengCem DenizFelix DenzingerHrishikesh DeshpandeChristian DesrosiersBlake DeweyNeel DeyRaunak DeyJwala DhamalaYashin Dicente CidLi DingXinghao DingZhipeng DingKonstantin DmitrievInes DominguesLiang Dong

Mengjin DongNanqing DongReuben DorentSven DorkenwaldQi DouSimon DrouinNiharika D’SouzaLei DuHongyi DuanmuNicolas DuchateauJames DuncanLuc DuongNicha DvornekDmitry V. DylovOleh DzyubachykRoy EaglesonMehran EbrahimiJan EggerAlma EguizabalGudmundur EinarssonAhmed ElazabMohammed S. M. ElbazShireen ElhabianMohammed ElmogyAmr ElsawyAhmed EltanbolySandy EngelhardtErtunc ErdilMarius ErdtFloris ErnstBoris Escalante-RamírezMaria EscobarMohammad EslamiNazila EsmaeiliMarco EspositoOscar EstebanThéo EstienneIvan EzhovDeng-Ping FanJingfan FanXin FanYonghui FanXi FangZhenghan FangAly FaragMohsen Farzi

Organization xv

Lina FelsnerJun FengRuibin FengXinyang FengYuan FengAaron FensterAasa FeragenHenrique FernandesEnzo FerranteJean FeydyLukas FischerPeter FischerAntonio Foncubierta-RodríguezGermain ForestierNils Daniel ForkertJean-Rassaire FouefackMoti FreimanWolfgang FreysingerXueyang FuYunguan FuWolfgang FuhlIsabel FunkePhilipp FürnstahlPedro FurtadoRyo FurukawaJin Kyu GahmLaurent GajnyAdrian GaldranYu GanMelanie GanzCong GaoDongxu GaoLinlin GaoSiyuan GaoYixin GaoYue GaoZhifan GaoAlfonso Gastelum-StrozziSrishti GautamBao GeRongjun GeZongyuan GeSairam GeethanathShiv GehlotNils GessertOlivier Gevaert

Sandesh GhimireAli GholipourSayan GhosalAndrea GiovanniniGabriel GirardBen GlockerArnold GomezMingming GongCristina GonzálezGerman GonzalezSharath GopalKarthik GopinathPietro GoriMichael GötzShuiping GouMaged GoubranSobhan GoudarziDushyant GoyalMark GrahamBertrand GranadoAlejandro GranadosVicente GrauLin GuShi GuXianfeng GuYun GuZaiwang GuHao GuanRicardo GuerreroHoussem-Eddine GueziriDazhou GuoHengtao GuoJixiang GuoPengfei GuoXiaoqing GuoYi GuoYulan GuoYuyu GuoKrati GuptaVikash GuptaPraveen Gurunath BharathiBoris GutmanPrashnna GyawaliStathis HadjidemetriouMohammad HamghalamHu Han

xvi Organization

Liang HanXiaoguang HanXu HanZhi HanZhongyi HanJonny HancoxXiaoke HaoNandinee HaqAli HatamizadehCharles HattAndreas HauptmannMohammad HavaeiKelei HeNanjun HeTiancheng HeXuming HeYuting HeNicholas HellerAlessa HeringMonica HernandezCarlos Hernandez-MatasKilian HettJacob HinkleDavid HoNico HoffmannMatthew HoldenSungmin HongYoonmi HongAntal HorváthMd Belayat HossainBenjamin HouWilliam HsuTai-Chiu HsungKai HuShi HuShunbo HuWenxing HuXiaoling HuXiaowei HuYan HuZhenhong HuHeng HuangQiaoying HuangYi-Jie HuangYixing HuangYongxiang Huang

Yue HuangYufang HuangArnaud HuaulméHenkjan HuismanYuankai HuoAndreas HuschMohammad HussainRaabid HussainSarfaraz HusseinKhoi HuynhSeong Jae HwangEmmanuel IarussiKay IgweAbdullah-Al-Zubaer ImranIsmail IrmakciMobarakol IslamMohammad Shafkat IslamVamsi IthapuKoichi ItoHayato ItohOleksandra IvashchenkoYuji IwahoriShruti JadonMohammad JafariMostafa JahanifarAmir JamaludinMirek JanatkaWon-Dong JangUditha JarayathneRonnachai JaroensriGolara JavadiRohit JenaRachid JennaneTodd JensenWon-Ki JeongYuanfeng JiZhanghexuan JiHaozhe JiaJue JiangTingting JiangXiang JiangJianbo JiaoZhicheng JiaoAmelia Jiménez-SánchezDakai JinYueming Jin

Organization xvii

Bin JingAnand JoshiYohan JunKyu-Hwan JungAlain JungoManjunath K NAli Kafaei Zad TehraniBernhard KainzJohn KalafutMichael C. KampffmeyerQingbo KangPo-Yu KaoNeerav KaraniTurkay KartSatyananda KashyapAmin KatouzianAlexander KatzmannPrabhjot KaurErwan KerrienHoel KervadecAshkan KhakzarNadieh KhaliliSiavash KhallaghiFarzad KhalvatiBishesh KhanalPulkit KhandelwalMaksim KholiavchenkoNaji KhosravanSeyed Mostafa KiaDaeseung KimHak Gu KimHyo-Eun KimJae-Hun KimJaeil KimJinman KimMansu KimNamkug KimSeong Tae KimWon Hwa KimAndrew KingAtilla KiralyYoshiro KitamuraTobias KlinderBin KongJun KongTomasz Konopczynski

Bongjin KooIvica KoprivaKivanc KoseMateusz KozinskiAnna KreshukAnithapriya KrishnanPavitra KrishnaswamyEgor KrivovFrithjof KruggelAlexander KrullElizabeth KrupinskiSerife KucurDavid KüglerHugo KuijfAbhay KumarAshnil KumarKuldeep KumarNitin KumarHolger KunzeTahsin KurcAnvar KurmukovYoshihiro KurodaJin Tae KwakYongchan KwonFrancesco La RosaAymen LaadhariDmitrii LachinovAlain LalandeTryphon LambrouCarole LartizienBianca Lassen-SchmidtNgan LeLeo LebratChristian LedigEung-Joo LeeHyekyoung LeeJong-Hwan LeeMatthew LeeSangmin LeeSoochahn LeeÉtienne LégerStefan LegerAndreas LeibetsederRogers Jeffrey Leo JohnJuan LeonBo Li

xviii Organization

Chongyi LiFuhai LiHongming LiHongwei LiJian LiJianning LiJiayun LiJunhua LiKang LiMengzhang LiMing LiQing LiShaohua LiShuyu LiWeijian LiWeikai LiWenqi LiWenyuan LiXiang LiXiaomeng LiXiaoxiao LiXin LiXiuli LiYang LiYi LiYuexiang LiZeju LiZhang LiZhiyuan LiZhjin LiGongbo LiangJianming LiangLibin LiangYuan LiangHaofu LiaoRuizhi LiaoWei LiaoXiangyun LiaoRoxane LicandroGilbert LimBaihan LinHongxiang LinJianyu LinYi LinClaudia LindnerGeert Litjens

Bin LiuChi LiuDaochang LiuDong LiuDongnan LiuFeng LiuHangfan LiuHong LiuHuafeng LiuJianfei LiuJingya LiuKai LiuKefei LiuLihao LiuMengting LiuPeng LiuQin LiuQuande LiuShengfeng LiuShenghua LiuShuangjun LiuSidong LiuSiqi LiuTianrui LiuXiao LiuXinyang LiuXinyu LiuYan LiuYikang LiuYong LiuYuan LiuYue LiuYuhang LiuAndrea LoddoNicolas LoménieDaniel LopesBin LouJian LouNicolas Loy RodasDonghuan LuHuanxiang LuWeijia LuXiankai LuYongyi LuYueh-Hsun LuYuhang Lu

Organization xix

Imanol LuengoJie LuoJiebo LuoLuyang LuoMa LuoBin LvJinglei LvJunyan LyuQing LyuYuanyuan LyuAndy J. MaChunwei MaDa MaHua MaKai MaLei MaAnderson MacielAmirreza MahbodS. Sara MahdaviMohammed MahmoudSaïd MahmoudiKlaus H. Maier-HeinBilal MalikIlja ManakovMatteo ManciniTommaso MansiYunxiang MaoBrett MarinelliPablo Márquez NeilaCarsten MarrYassine MarrakchiFabio MartinezAndre MastmeyerTejas Sudharshan MathaiDimitrios MavroeidisJamie McClellandPau Medrano-GraciaRaghav MehtaSachin MehtaRaphael MeierQier MengQingjie MengYanda MengMartin MentenOdyssée MerveilleIslem Mhiri

Liang MiStijn MichielseAbhishek MidyaFausto MilletariHyun-Seok MinZhe MinTadashi MiyamotoSara MocciaHassan Mohy-ud-DinTony C. W. MokRafael MolinaMehdi MoradiRodrigo MorenoKensaku MoriLia MorraLinda MoyMohammad Hamed MozaffariSovanlal MukherjeeAnirban MukhopadhyayHenning MüllerBalamurali MurugesanCosmas MwikirizeAndriy MyronenkoSaad NadeemVishwesh NathRodrigo NavaFernando NavarroAmin NejatbakhshDong NiHannes NickischDong NieJingxin NieAditya NigamLipeng NingXia NingTianye NiuJack NobleVincent NobletAlexey NovikovJorge NovoMohammad ObeidMasahiro OdaBenjamin OdrySteffen Oeltze-JafraHugo OliveiraSara Oliveira

xx Organization

Arnau OliverEmanuele OlivettiJimena OlveresJohn OnofreyFelipe Orihuela-EspinaJosé OrlandoMarcos OrtegaYoshito OtakeSebastian OtáloraCheng OuyangJiahong OuyangXi OuyangMichal Ozery-FlatoDanielle PaceKrittin PachtrachaiJ. Blas PagadorAkshay PaiViswanath Pamulakanty SudarshanJin PanYongsheng PanPankaj PandeyPrashant PandeyEgor PanfilovShumao PangJoao PapaConstantin PapeBartlomiej PapiezHyunjin ParkJongchan ParkSanghyun ParkSeung-Jong ParkSeyoun ParkMagdalini PaschaliDiego Patiño CortésAngshuman PaulChristian PayerYuru PeiChengtao PengYige PengAntonio PepeOscar PerdomoSérgio PereiraJose-Antonio Pérez-CarrascoFernando Pérez-GarcíaJorge Perez-GonzalezSkand Peri

Matthias PerkoniggMehran PesteieJorg PetersJens PetersenKersten PetersenRenzo Phellan AroAshish PhophaliaTomasz PieciakAntonio PinheiroPramod PisharadyKilian PohlSebastian PölsterlIulia A. PopescuAlison PouchPrateek PrasannaRaphael PrevostJuan PrietoSergi PujadesElodie PuybareauEsther Puyol-AntónHaikun QiHuan QiBuyue QianYan QiangYuchuan QiaoChen QinWenjian QinYulei QinWu QiuHui QuLiangqiong QuKha Gia QuachPrashanth R.Pradeep Reddy RaamanaMehdi RahimJagath RajapakseKashif RajpootJhonata RamosLingyan RanHatem RashwanDaniele RavìKeerthi Sravan RaviNishant RavikumarHarish RaviPrakashSamuel RemediosYinhao Ren

Organization xxi

Yudan RenMauricio ReyesConstantino Reyes-AldasoroJonas RichiardiDavid RichmondAnne-Marie RickmannLeticia RittnerDominik RivoirEmma RobinsonJessica RodgersRafael RodriguesRobert RohlingMichal Rosen-ZviLukasz RoszkowiakKarsten RothJosé RoucoDaniel RueckertJaime S. CardosoMohammad SabokrouArio SadafiMonjoy SahaPramit SahaDushyant SahooPranjal SahuMaria Sainz de CeaOlivier SalvadoRobin SandkuehlerGianmarco SantiniDuygu SarikayaImari SatoOlivier SautDustin ScheinostNico ScherfMarkus SchirmerAlexander SchlaeferJerome SchmidJulia SchnabelKlaus SchoeffmannAndreas SchuhErnst SchwartzChristina Schwarz-GsaxnerMichaël SdikaSuman SedaiAnjany SekuboyinaRaghavendra SelvanSourya Sengupta

Youngho SeoLama SeoudAna SequeiraMaxime SermesantCarmen SerranoMuhammad ShabanAhmed ShaffieSobhan ShafieiMohammad Abuzar ShaikhReuben ShamirShayan ShamsHongming ShanHarshita SharmaGregory SharpMohamed ShehataHaocheng ShenLi ShenLiyue ShenMali ShenYiqing ShenYiqiu ShenZhengyang ShenKuangyu ShiLuyao ShiXiaoshuang ShiXueying ShiYemin ShiYiyu ShiYonghong ShiJitae ShinBoris ShirokikhSuprosanna ShitSuzanne ShontzYucheng ShuAlberto SignoroniWilson SilvaMargarida SilveiraMatthew SinclairRohit SinglaSumedha SinglaAyushi SinhaKevin SmithRajath SoansAhmed SolimanStefan SommerYang Song

xxii Organization

Youyi SongAristeidis SotirasArcot SowmyaRachel SparksWilliam SpeierZiga SpiclinDominik SpinczykJon SporringChetan SrinidhiAnuroop SriramVinkle SrivastavLawrence StaibMarius StaringJohannes StegmaierJoshua StoughRobin StrandMartin StynerHai SuYun-Hsuan SuVaishnavi SubramanianGérard SubsolYao SuiAvan SuinesiaputraJeremias SulamShipra SumanLi SunWenqing SunChiranjib SurYannick SuterTanveer Syeda-MahmoodFatemeh Taheri DezakiRoger TamJosé Tamez-PeñaChaowei TanHao TangThomas TangYucheng TangZihao TangMickael TardyGiacomo TarroniJonas TeuwenPaul ThienphrapaStephen ThompsonJiang TianYu TianYun Tian

Aleksei TiulpinHamid TizhooshMatthew ToewsOguzhan TopsakalAntonio TorteyaSylvie TreuilletJocelyne TroccazRoger TrulloChialing TsaiSudhakar TummalaVerena UslarHristina UzunovaRégis VaillantMaria VakalopoulouJeya Maria Jose ValanarasuTom van SonsbeekGijs van TulderMarta VarelaThomas VarsavskyFrancisco VasconcelosLiset Vazquez RomagueraS. Swaroop VedulaSanketh VedulaHarini VeeraraghavanMiguel VegaGonzalo Vegas Sanchez-FerreroAnant VemuriGopalkrishna VeniMitko VetaThomas VetterPedro VieiraJuan Pedro Vigueras GuillénBarbara VillariniSatish ViswanathAthanasios VlontzosWolf-Dieter VoglBo WangCheng WangChengjia WangChunliang WangClinton WangCongcong WangDadong WangDongang WangHaifeng WangHongyu Wang

Organization xxiii

Hu WangHuan WangKun WangLi WangLiansheng WangLinwei WangManning WangRenzhen WangRuixuan WangSheng WangShujun WangShuo WangTianchen WangTongxin WangWenzhe WangXi WangXiaosong WangYan WangYaping WangYi WangYirui WangZeyi WangZhangyang WangZihao WangZuhui WangSimon WarfieldJonathan WeberJürgen WeeseDong WeiDonglai WeiDongming WeiMartin WeigertWolfgang WeinMichael WelsCédric WemmertJunhao WenTravis WilliamsMatthias WilmsStefan WinzeckJames WiskinAdam WittekMarek WodzinskiJelmer WolterinkKen C. L. WongChongruo WuGuoqing Wu

Ji WuJian WuJie Ying WuPengxiang WuXiyin WuYe WuYicheng WuYifan WuTobias WuerflPengcheng XiJames XiaSiyu XiaWenfeng XiaYingda XiaYong XiaLei XiangDeqiang XiaoLi XiaoYiming XiaoHongtao XieLingxi XieLong XieWeidi XieYiting XieYutong XieXiaohan XingChang XuChenchu XuHongming XuKele XuMin XuRui XuXiaowei XuXuanang XuYongchao XuZhenghua XuZhoubing XuKai XuanCheng XueJie XueWufeng XueYuan XueFaridah YahyaKe YanYuguang YanZhennan Yan

xxiv Organization

Changchun YangChao-Han Huck YangDong YangErkun YangFan YangGe YangGuang YangGuanyu YangHeran YangHongxu YangHuijuan YangJiancheng YangJie YangJunlin YangLin YangPeng YangXin YangYan YangYujiu YangDongren YaoJiawen YaoLi YaoQingsong YaoChuyang YeDong Hye YeMenglong YeXujiong YeJingru YiJirong YiXin YiYoungjin YooChenyu YouHaichao YuHanchao YuLequan YuQi YuYang YuPengyu YuanFatemeh ZabihollahyGhada ZamzmiMarco ZenatiGuodong ZengRui ZengOliver ZettinigZhiwei ZhaiChaoyi Zhang

Daoqiang ZhangFan ZhangGuangming ZhangHang ZhangHuahong ZhangJianpeng ZhangJiong ZhangJun ZhangLei ZhangLichi ZhangLin ZhangLing ZhangLu ZhangMiaomiao ZhangNing ZhangQiang ZhangRongzhao ZhangRu-Yuan ZhangShihao ZhangShu ZhangTong ZhangWei ZhangWeiwei ZhangWen ZhangWenlu ZhangXin ZhangYa ZhangYanbo ZhangYanfu ZhangYi ZhangYishuo ZhangYong ZhangYongqin ZhangYou ZhangYoushan ZhangYu ZhangYue ZhangYueyi ZhangYulun ZhangYunyan ZhangYuyao ZhangCan ZhaoChangchen ZhaoChongyue ZhaoFenqiang ZhaoGangming Zhao

Organization xxv

He ZhaoJun ZhaoLi ZhaoQingyu ZhaoRongchang ZhaoShen ZhaoShijie ZhaoTengda ZhaoTianyi ZhaoWei ZhaoXuandong ZhaoYiyuan ZhaoYuan-Xing ZhaoYue ZhaoZixu ZhaoZiyuan ZhaoXingjian ZhenGuoyan ZhengHao ZhengJiannan ZhengKang ZhengShenhai ZhengYalin ZhengYinqiang ZhengYushan ZhengJia-Xing ZhongZichun Zhong

Bo ZhouHaoyin ZhouHong-Yu ZhouKang ZhouSanping ZhouSihang ZhouTao ZhouXiao-Yun ZhouYanning ZhouYuyin ZhouZongwei ZhouDongxiao ZhuHancan ZhuLei ZhuQikui ZhuXinliang ZhuYuemin ZhuZhe ZhuZhuotun ZhuAneeq ZiaVeronika ZimmerDavid ZimmererLilla ZölleiYukai ZouLianrui ZuoGerald ZwettlerReyer Zwiggelaar

Outstanding Reviewers

Neel Dey New York University, USAMonica Hernandez University of Zaragoza, SpainIvica Kopriva Rudjer Boskovich Institute, CroatiaSebastian Otálora University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western

Switzerland, SwitzerlandDanielle Pace Massachusetts General Hospital, USASérgio Pereira Lunit Inc., South KoreaDavid Richmond IBM Watson Health, USARohit Singla University of British Columbia, CanadaYan Wang Sichuan University, China

xxvi Organization

Honorable Mentions (Reviewers)

Mazdak Abulnaga Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USAPierre Ambrosini Erasmus University Medical Center, The NetherlandsHyeon-Min Bae Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology,

South KoreaMikhail Belyaev Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, RussiaBhushan Borotikar Symbiosis International University, IndiaKatharina Breininger Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg,

GermanyNinon Burgos CNRS, Paris Brain Institute, FranceMariano Cabezas The University of Sydney, AustraliaAaron Carass Johns Hopkins University, USAPierre-Henri Conze IMT Atlantique, FranceChristian Desrosiers École de technologie supérieure, CanadaReuben Dorent King’s College London, UKNicha Dvornek Yale University, USADmitry V. Dylov Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, RussiaMarius Erdt Fraunhofer Singapore, SingaporeRuibin Feng Stanford University, USAEnzo Ferrante CONICET/Universidad Nacional del Litoral, ArgentinaAntonio

Foncubierta-RodríguezIBM Research, Switzerland

Isabel Funke National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden, GermanyAdrian Galdran University of Bournemouth, UKBen Glocker Imperial College London, UKCristina González Universidad de los Andes, ColombiaMaged Goubran Sunnybrook Research Institute, CanadaSobhan Goudarzi Concordia University, CanadaVicente Grau University of Oxford, UKAndreas Hauptmann University of Oulu, FinlandNico Hoffmann Technische Universität Dresden, GermanySungmin Hong Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical

School, USAWon-Dong Jang Harvard University, USAZhanghexuan Ji University at Buffalo, SUNY, USANeerav Karani ETH Zurich, SwitzerlandAlexander Katzmann Siemens Healthineers, GermanyErwan Kerrien Inria, FranceAnitha Priya Krishnan Genentech, USATahsin Kurc Stony Brook University, USAFrancesco La Rosa École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, SwitzerlandDmitrii Lachinov Medical University of Vienna, AustriaMengzhang Li Peking University, ChinaGilbert Lim National University of Singapore, SingaporeDongnan Liu University of Sydney, Australia

Organization xxvii

Bin Lou Siemens Healthineers, USAKai Ma Tencent, ChinaKlaus H. Maier-Hein German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), GermanyRaphael Meier University Hospital Bern, SwitzerlandTony C. W. Mok Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,

Hong Kong SARLia Morra Politecnico di Torino, ItalyCosmas Mwikirize Rutgers University, USAFelipe Orihuela-Espina Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica,

MexicoEgor Panfilov University of Oulu, FinlandChristian Payer Graz University of Technology, AustriaSebastian Pölsterl Ludwig-Maximilians Universita t, GermanyJosé Rouco University of A Coruña, SpainDaniel Rueckert Imperial College London, UKJulia Schnabel King’s College London, UKChristina Schwarz-Gsaxner Graz University of Technology, AustriaBoris Shirokikh Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, RussiaYang Song University of New South Wales, AustraliaGérard Subsol Université de Montpellier, FranceTanveer Syeda-Mahmood IBM Research, USAMickael Tardy Hera-MI, FrancePaul Thienphrapa Atlas5D, USAGijs van Tulder Radboud University, The NetherlandsTongxin Wang Indiana University, USAYirui Wang PAII Inc., USAJelmer Wolterink University of Twente, The NetherlandsLei Xiang Subtle Medical Inc., USAFatemeh Zabihollahy Johns Hopkins University, USAWei Zhang University of Georgia, USAYa Zhang Shanghai Jiao Tong University, ChinaQingyu Zhao Stanford University, ChinaYushan Zheng Beihang University, China

Mentorship Program (Mentors)

Shadi Albarqouni Helmholtz AI, Helmholtz Center Munich, GermanyHao Chen Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,

Hong Kong SARNadim Daher NVIDIA, FranceMarleen de Bruijne Erasmus MC/University of Copenhagen,

The NetherlandsQi Dou The Chinese University of Hong Kong,

Hong Kong SARGabor Fichtinger Queen’s University, CanadaJonny Hancox NVIDIA, UK

xxviii Organization

Nobuhiko Hata Harvard Medical School, USASharon Xiaolei Huang Pennsylvania State University, USAJana Hutter King’s College London, UKDakai Jin PAII Inc., ChinaSamuel Kadoury Polytechnique Montréal, CanadaMinjeong Kim University of North Carolina at Greensboro, USAHans Lamecker 1000shapes GmbH, GermanyAndrea Lara Galileo University, GuatemalaNgan Le University of Arkansas, USABaiying Lei Shenzhen University, ChinaKarim Lekadir Universitat de Barcelona, SpainMarius George Linguraru Children’s National Health System/George

Washington University, USAHerve Lombaert ETS Montreal, CanadaMarco Lorenzi Inria, FranceLe Lu PAII Inc., ChinaXiongbiao Luo Xiamen University, ChinaDzung Pham Henry M. Jackson Foundation/Uniformed Services

University/National Institutes of Health/JohnsHopkins University, USA

Josien Pluim Eindhoven University of Technology/UniversityMedical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands

Antonio Porras University of Colorado Anschutz MedicalCampus/Children’s Hospital Colorado, USA

Islem Rekik Istanbul Technical University, TurkeyNicola Rieke NVIDIA, GermanyJulia Schnabel TU Munich/Helmholtz Center Munich, Germany,

and King’s College London, UKDebdoot Sheet Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, IndiaPallavi Tiwari Case Western Reserve University, USAJocelyne Troccaz CNRS, TIMC, Grenoble Alpes University, FranceSandrine Voros TIMC-IMAG, INSERM, FranceLinwei Wang Rochester Institute of Technology, USAYalin Wang Arizona State University, USAZhong Xue United Imaging Intelligence Co. Ltd, USARenee Yao NVIDIA, USAMohammad Yaqub Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial

Intelligence, United Arab Emirates, and Universityof Oxford, UK

S. Kevin Zhou University of Science and Technology of China, ChinaLilla Zollei Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical

School, USAMaria A. Zuluaga EURECOM, France

Organization xxix

Contents – Part II

Machine Learning - Self-Supervised Learning

SSLP: Spatial Guided Self-supervised Learning on Pathological Images. . . . . 3Jiajun Li, Tiancheng Lin, and Yi Xu

Segmentation of Left Atrial MR Images via Self-supervisedSemi-supervised Meta-learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Dani Kiyasseh, Albert Swiston, Ronghua Chen, and Antong Chen

Deformed2Self: Self-supervised Denoising for Dynamic Medical Imaging . . . 25Junshen Xu and Elfar Adalsteinsson

Imbalance-Aware Self-supervised Learning for 3D RadiomicRepresentations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Hongwei Li, Fei-Fei Xue, Krishna Chaitanya, Shengda Luo, Ivan Ezhov,Benedikt Wiestler, Jianguo Zhang, and Bjoern Menze

Self-supervised Visual Representation Learningfor Histopathological Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Pengshuai Yang, Zhiwei Hong, Xiaoxu Yin, Chengzhan Zhu,and Rui Jiang

Contrastive Learning with Continuous Proxy Meta-data for 3DMRI Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Benoit Dufumier, Pietro Gori, Julie Victor, Antoine Grigis,Michele Wessa, Paolo Brambilla, Pauline Favre,Mircea Polosan, Colm McDonald, Camille Marie Piguet,Mary Phillips, Lisa Eyler, Edouard Duchesnay,and the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Sli2Vol: Annotate a 3D Volume from a Single Slicewith Self-supervised Learning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Pak-Hei Yeung, Ana I. L. Namburete, and Weidi Xie

Self-supervised Longitudinal Neighbourhood Embedding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Jiahong Ouyang, Qingyu Zhao, Ehsan Adeli, Edith V. Sullivan,Adolf Pfefferbaum, Greg Zaharchuk, and Kilian M. Pohl

Self-supervised Multi-modal Alignment for Whole Body Medical Imaging. . . 90Rhydian Windsor, Amir Jamaludin, Timor Kadir, and Andrew Zisserman

SimTriplet: Simple Triplet Representation Learning with a Single GPU . . . . . 102Quan Liu, Peter C. Louis, Yuzhe Lu, Aadarsh Jha, Mengyang Zhao,Ruining Deng, Tianyuan Yao, Joseph T. Roland, Haichun Yang,Shilin Zhao, Lee E. Wheless, and Yuankai Huo

Lesion-Based Contrastive Learning for Diabetic Retinopathy Gradingfrom Fundus Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Yijin Huang, Li Lin, Pujin Cheng, Junyan Lyu, and Xiaoying Tang

SAR: Scale-Aware Restoration Learning for 3D Tumor Segmentation . . . . . . 124Xiaoman Zhang, Shixiang Feng, Yuhang Zhou, Ya Zhang,and Yanfeng Wang

Self-supervised Correction Learning for Semi-supervised BiomedicalImage Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Ruifei Zhang, Sishuo Liu, Yizhou Yu, and Guanbin Li

SpineGEM: A Hybrid-Supervised Model Generation Strategy EnablingAccurate Spine Disease Classification with a Small Training Dataset . . . . . . . 145

Xihe Kuang, Jason Pui Yin Cheung, Xiaowei Ding, and Teng Zhang

Contrastive Learning of Relative Position Regression for One-Shot ObjectLocalization in 3D Medical Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Wenhui Lei, Wei Xu, Ran Gu, Hao Fu, Shaoting Zhang,Shichuan Zhang, and Guotai Wang

Topological Learning and Its Application to Multimodal BrainNetwork Integration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

Tananun Songdechakraiwut, Li Shen, and Moo Chung

One-Shot Medical Landmark Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177Qingsong Yao, Quan Quan, Li Xiao, and S. Kevin Zhou

Implicit Field Learning for Unsupervised Anomaly Detectionin Medical Images. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

Sergio Naval Marimont and Giacomo Tarroni

Dual-Consistency Semi-supervised Learning with UncertaintyQuantification for COVID-19 Lesion Segmentation from CT Images . . . . . . . 199

Yanwen Li, Luyang Luo, Huangjing Lin, Hao Chen,and Pheng-Ann Heng

Contrastive Pre-training and Representation Distillation for Medical VisualQuestion Answering Based on Radiology Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

Bo Liu, Li-Ming Zhan, and Xiao-Ming Wu

xxxii Contents – Part II

Positional Contrastive Learning for Volumetric MedicalImage Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

Dewen Zeng, Yawen Wu, Xinrong Hu, Xiaowei Xu, Haiyun Yuan,Meiping Huang, Jian Zhuang, Jingtong Hu, and Yiyu Shi

Longitudinal Self-supervision to Disentangle Inter-patient Variabilityfrom Disease Progression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

Raphaël Couronné, Paul Vernhet, and Stanley Durrleman

Self-supervised Vessel Enhancement Using Flow-Based Consistencies . . . . . . 242Rohit Jena, Sumedha Singla, and Kayhan Batmanghelich

Unsupervised Contrastive Learning of Radiomics and Deep Featuresfor Label-Efficient Tumor Classification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

Ziteng Zhao and Guanyu Yang

Learning 4D Infant Cortical Surface Atlas with UnsupervisedSpherical Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

Fenqiang Zhao, Zhengwang Wu, Li Wang, Weili Lin, Shunren Xia,Gang Li, and the UNC/UMN Baby Connectome Project Consortium

Multimodal Representation Learning via Maximization of LocalMutual Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273

Ruizhi Liao, Daniel Moyer, Miriam Cha, Keegan Quigley,Seth Berkowitz, Steven Horng, Polina Golland, and William M. Wells

Inter-regional High-Level Relation Learning from Functional Connectivityvia Self-supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284

Wonsik Jung, Da-Woon Heo, Eunjin Jeon, Jaein Lee, and Heung-Il Suk

Machine Learning - Semi-Supervised Learning

Semi-supervised Left Atrium Segmentation with MutualConsistency Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297

Yicheng Wu, Minfeng Xu, Zongyuan Ge, Jianfei Cai, and Lei Zhang

Semi-supervised Meta-learning with Disentanglementfor Domain-Generalised Medical Image Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307

Xiao Liu, Spyridon Thermos, Alison O’Neil, and Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

Efficient Semi-supervised Gross Target Volume of NasopharyngealCarcinoma Segmentation via Uncertainty Rectified Pyramid Consistency . . . . 318

Xiangde Luo, Wenjun Liao, Jieneng Chen, Tao Song, Yinan Chen,Shichuan Zhang, Nianyong Chen, Guotai Wang, and Shaoting Zhang

Contents – Part II xxxiii

Few-Shot Domain Adaptation with Polymorphic Transformers . . . . . . . . . . . 330Shaohua Li, Xiuchao Sui, Jie Fu, Huazhu Fu, Xiangde Luo,Yangqin Feng, Xinxing Xu, Yong Liu, Daniel S. W. Ting,and Rick Siow Mong Goh

Lesion Segmentation and RECIST Diameter Prediction via Click-DrivenAttention and Dual-Path Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341

Youbao Tang, Ke Yan, Jinzheng Cai, Lingyun Huang, Guotong Xie,Jing Xiao, Jingjing Lu, Gigin Lin, and Le Lu

Reciprocal Learning for Semi-supervised Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352Xiangyun Zeng, Rian Huang, Yuming Zhong, Dong Sun, Chu Han,Di Lin, Dong Ni, and Yi Wang

Disentangled Sequential Graph Autoencoder for Preclinical Alzheimer’sDisease Characterizations from ADNI Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362

Fan Yang, Rui Meng, Hyuna Cho, Guorong Wu, and Won Hwa Kim

POPCORN: Progressive Pseudo-Labeling with Consistency Regularizationand Neighboring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373

Reda Abdellah Kamraoui, Vinh-Thong Ta, Nicolas Papadakis,Fanny Compaire, José V. Manjon, and Pierrick Coupé

3D Semantic Mapping from Arthroscopy Using Out-of-Distribution Poseand Depth and In-Distribution Segmentation Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383

Yaqub Jonmohamadi, Shahnewaz Ali, Fengbei Liu, Jonathan Roberts,Ross Crawford, Gustavo Carneiro, and Ajay K. Pandey

Semi-Supervised Unpaired Multi-Modal Learning for Label-EfficientMedical Image Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394

Lei Zhu, Kaiyuan Yang, Meihui Zhang, Ling Ling Chan, Teck Khim Ng,and Beng Chin Ooi

Implicit Neural Distance Representation for Unsupervised and SupervisedClassification of Complex Anatomies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405

Kristine Aavild Juhl, Xabier Morales, Ole de Backer, Oscar Camara,and Rasmus Reinhold Paulsen

3D Graph-S2Net: Shape-Aware Self-ensembling Networkfor Semi-supervised Segmentation with Bilateral Graph Convolution . . . . . . . 416

Huimin Huang, Nan Zhou, Lanfen Lin, Hongjie Hu, Yutaro Iwamoto,Xian-Hua Han, Yen-Wei Chen, and Ruofeng Tong

Duo-SegNet: Adversarial Dual-Views for Semi-supervised MedicalImage Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428

Himashi Peiris, Zhaolin Chen, Gary Egan, and Mehrtash Harandi

xxxiv Contents – Part II

Neighbor Matching for Semi-supervised Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439Renzhen Wang, Yichen Wu, Huai Chen, Lisheng Wang, and Deyu Meng

Tripled-Uncertainty Guided Mean Teacher Model for Semi-supervisedMedical Image Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450

Kaiping Wang, Bo Zhan, Chen Zu, Xi Wu, Jiliu Zhou, Luping Zhou,and Yan Wang

Learning with Noise: Mask-Guided Attention Model for WeaklySupervised Nuclei Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461

Ruoyu Guo, Maurice Pagnucco, and Yang Song

Order-Guided Disentangled Representation Learning for Ulcerative ColitisClassification with Limited Labels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471

Shota Harada, Ryoma Bise, Hideaki Hayashi, Kiyohito Tanaka,and Seiichi Uchida

Semi-supervised Contrastive Learning for Label-Efficient MedicalImage Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481

Xinrong Hu, Dewen Zeng, Xiaowei Xu, and Yiyu Shi

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data Augmentation ThroughConditional ICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491

Badr Tajini, Hugo Richard, and Bertrand Thirion

Scalable Joint Detection and Segmentation of Surgical Instrumentswith Weak Supervision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501

Ricardo Sanchez-Matilla, Maria Robu, Imanol Luengo,and Danail Stoyanov

Machine Learning - Weakly Supervised Learning

Weakly-Supervised Universal Lesion Segmentation with Regional LevelSet Loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515

Youbao Tang, Jinzheng Cai, Ke Yan, Lingyun Huang, Guotong Xie,Jing Xiao, Jingjing Lu, Gigin Lin, and Le Lu

Bounding Box Tightness Prior for Weakly SupervisedImage Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526

Juan Wang and Bin Xia

OXnet: Deep Omni-Supervised Thoracic Disease Detectionfrom Chest X-Rays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537

Luyang Luo, Hao Chen, Yanning Zhou, Huangjing Lin,and Pheng-Ann Heng

Contents – Part II xxxv

Adapting Off-the-Shelf Source Segmenter for Target MedicalImage Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549

Xiaofeng Liu, Fangxu Xing, Chao Yang, Georges El Fakhri,and Jonghye Woo

Quality-Aware Memory Network for Interactive VolumetricImage Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560

Tianfei Zhou, Liulei Li, Gustav Bredell, Jianwu Li,and Ender Konukoglu

Improving Pneumonia Localization via Cross-Attention on Medical Imagesand Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571

Riddhish Bhalodia, Ali Hatamizadeh, Leo Tam, Ziyue Xu,Xiaosong Wang, Evrim Turkbey, and Daguang Xu

Combining Attention-Based Multiple Instance Learning and GaussianProcesses for CT Hemorrhage Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 582

Yunan Wu, Arne Schmidt, Enrique Hernández-Sánchez, Rafael Molina,and Aggelos K. Katsaggelos

CPNet: Cycle Prototype Network for Weakly-Supervised 3D RenalCompartments Segmentation on CT Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 592

Song Wang, Yuting He, Youyong Kong, Xiaomei Zhu, Shaobo Zhang,Pengfei Shao, Jean-Louis Dillenseger, Jean-Louis Coatrieux, Shuo Li,and Guanyu Yang

Observational Supervision for Medical Image Classification UsingGaze Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603

Khaled Saab, Sarah M. Hooper, Nimit S. Sohoni, Jupinder Parmar,Brian Pogatchnik, Sen Wu, Jared A. Dunnmon, Hongyang R. Zhang,Daniel Rubin, and Christopher Ré

Inter Extreme Points Geodesics for End-to-End Weakly SupervisedImage Segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615

Reuben Dorent, Samuel Joutard, Jonathan Shapey, Aaron Kujawa,Marc Modat, Sébastien Ourselin, and Tom Vercauteren

Efficient and Generic Interactive Segmentation Framework to CorrectMispredictions During Clinical Evaluation of Medical Images . . . . . . . . . . . 625

Bhavani Sambaturu, Ashutosh Gupta, C. V. Jawahar, and Chetan Arora

Learning Whole-Slide Segmentation from Inexact and Incomplete LabelsUsing Tissue Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636

Valentin Anklin, Pushpak Pati, Guillaume Jaume, Behzad Bozorgtabar,Antonio Foncubierta-Rodriguez, Jean-Philippe Thiran, Mathilde Sibony,Maria Gabrani, and Orcun Goksel

xxxvi Contents – Part II

Label-Set Loss Functions for Partial Supervision: Application to FetalBrain 3D MRI Parcellation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647

Lucas Fidon, Michael Aertsen, Doaa Emam, Nada Mufti,Frédéric Guffens, Thomas Deprest, Philippe Demaerel, Anna L. David,Andrew Melbourne, Sébastien Ourselin, Jan Deprest,and Tom Vercauteren

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 659

Contents – Part II xxxvii