ISO14001 Environmental Management SystemManagement System

What is an EnvironmentalManagement System?

Part of an organization’s management system system

used to develop and implement

Its environmental policy

and

manage its environmental aspects

Purpose of an EMS

An EMS brings together the people,policies, plans, review mechanisms,and

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policies, plans, review mechanisms,andprocedures used to manage environmentalissues at a facility or in an organization.

Benefits of an EMS

• Helps maintain compliance

• Reduce operating costs

• Integrate environmental programs

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• Integrate environmental programs into mission

• Increase employee involvement

• Reduce environmental impacts

EMS Frameworks

• The International Standard ISO 14001 is the most widely used and respected.

• Organizations, however, use many EMS

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• Organizations, however, use many EMS frameworks and models.

A Basic EMS FrameworkPlan, Do, Check, Act

DOPLAN

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ACT CHECK

The Continuous Cycle• Plan

Planning, identifying environmental aspects and establishing goals

• DoImplementing, includes training and operational controls

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operational controls

• CheckChecking, includes monitoring and corrective action

• ActReviewing, includes progress reviews and acting to make needed changes

EMS Components(e.g., ISO 14001)

1. Environmental Policy

2. Planning

3. Implementation and Operation

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3. Implementation and Operation

4. Checking and Corrective Action

5. Management Review

1. Environmental PolicyOverall intentions and direction of an organization

related to its environmental Performance.

Issue a policy statement signed by Top Management.

At a minimum,

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At a minimum,

• Commit to– Continual improvement– Pollution prevention– Environmental compliance

• Identifies EMS framework• Publicly available

Examples

• M&S Plan A

• ASDA

• Brandix• Brandix

• Toyota

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2. Planning

• Identify aspects and impacts from facility activities, products, and services

• Review legal requirements

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• Review legal requirements

• Set objectives and targets

• Establish formal EMS program

Legal & other requirements

• Shall identify applicable laws, regulations and other requirements which are applicable to environmental aspects of organization’s activities, products and organization’s activities, products and services

• Shall ensure continuous access to these

requirements and they are considered in

developing, implementing and maintaining

the EMS12

• Legal requirements

National Environmental Act

Factory Ordinance etc.Factory Ordinance etc.

• Other Requirements

Non regulatory guidelines

Agreements with authorities etc.

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Aspects & Impacts

Environment of an OrganizationSurroundings in which an organization

operates, including air, water, land,operates, including air, water, land,

natural resources, flora, fauna, humans,

and their interaction, from within an Organization to the global system

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Aspects & Impacts

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Significant environmental aspects

A significant environmental aspect is

an aspect which has or can have aan aspect which has or can have a

significant environmental impact

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Identify Environmental aspects

• Of its activities, products and services

• Within the defined scope of EMS

• That can control or influence

• Taking into account planned or new• Taking into account planned or new

developments, new or modified activities,

products and services

• There should be a procedure for identifying and signifying environmental aspects

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• The organization shall Document this information and keep it up to date

• Ensure that the significant environmental• Ensure that the significant environmental

aspects are taken into account for

environmental management programs

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• Concern of Interested parties

• An aspect become significant if

stakeholders have interest or concernstakeholders have interest or concern

• Value judgment must extend beyond

purely scientific analysis and incorporate

views of society

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• Procedure to determine how these

requirements apply to its organizational

aspectsaspects

• Ensure that applicable legal & other

requirements are taken into account in

developing EMS

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• What will lead to significance ?

• Is the aspect controlled by legislation ?

• Is there a demonstrable environmental• Is there a demonstrable environmental

effect ?

• Is there concern from interested parties ?

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Significance is determined by• Scale/magnitude of impact

• severity of impact

• probability of occurrence• probability of occurrence

• Duration of impact

• Level of controls

• Level of information

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Example criteria

A. Magnitude of aspect

B. Severity of impactB. Severity of impact

C. Probability of occurrence

D Time for detection

E. Level of Control

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• A. Magnitude of aspect

Scale Score

Negligible 1

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Negligible 1

Low 2

Moderate 3

High 4

Excessively high 5

• Severity of impact

Scale Score

Slight impact or negligible visual impact

1

Causes Discomfort or acid rain or nuisance

2

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or nuisance

Kills marine life, flora, fauna /Global issues or ResourcesConsumption

3

Human Health 4

Fatal to Human Life 5

• Probability of occurrence

Scale Score

Once a month or less 1

Once a week 2

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Once a day 3

Several times a day 4

Continues 5

• Time for detection

Scale Score

Real time Continuous 1

Within 1 hr 2

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Within 8 hr 3

Within 24 hr 4

More than 24 hr 5

• E. Level of Control

Scale Score

Available and Effective 1

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Available and Effective 1

Available but not fully Effective

2

Not available 3

Score = AxBxCxDxE

The highest scored aspect is considered

as most significant aspectas most significant aspect

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Objectives, Targets and Programmes• Documented environmental objectives &

targets at relevant functions & levels within

the organization

• Measurable where practicable

• Consistent with environmental policy• Consistent with environmental policy

• Concern with legal & other requirements &

significant environmental aspects

• Consider the technological options, financial, operational & business requirements & views

• of interested parties30

Linking Aspects, Objectives to Target

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Example of Objectives

• Objective 1

◦Minimize water usage

• Objective 2• Objective 2

Minimise fuel consumption

• Objective 3

◦ Promote environmental awareness among

employees and the community

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Targets

"Detailed performance requirement:

◦ quantified where practicable, ◦ quantified where practicable,

◦ applicable to the organization or parts

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Objectives & targets need to be SMART

• Specific

• Measurable

• Achievable• Achievable

• Realistic

• Time bound

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Example of Targets

• Objective 1

◦Minimize water usage◦Minimize water usage

Target 1

◦ Reduce water consumption at site 3 by by

15% of present levels within 15 months

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Eg. Environmental management programme

to reduce the electricity consumption

Objective and Target:Objective and Target:

to reduce the electricity consumption per unit of product output by 10% from the consumption level of December 2011 by end of December 2012

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The Route to continual improvement

Identify Aspects

Allocate Programme Allocate Significance

Set objectivesSet Targets

Programme

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Implementation and Operation

• Resources Roles, Responsibility and Authority.

• Competence, training and awareness• Competence, training and awareness

• Documentation

• Operation Control

• Emergency prepared & response

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Resources Roles, Responsibility and

Authority

• Management shall ensure the availability

of resourcesof resources

• Human resources and specialized skills

• Organizational infrastructure

• financial resources

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• Roles, Responsibilities and Authorities

shall be defined, documented and Communicated

• Top management shall appoint a specific• Top management shall appoint a specific

management representative – EMR

to ensure that the EMS is in accordance

with requirements of standard and

Reporting to top management

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Competence, training and awareness

• Organization shall identify Training needs

associated with its environmental aspects

& its EMS and provide training or take any& its EMS and provide training or take any

other action to meet these needs.

• Person’s working for or on behalf of the

organization with a potential to cause a

significant impact are competent on the

basis of education, training or experience42

• Records for the above shall be retained

• Employees or members shall be aware of:

importance of conformance with Environmental policy and procedures & Environmental policy and procedures & EMS requirements

• Significant environmental impacts of their work their roles and responsibilities in achieving conformance with environmental policy potential consequences of departure from specific operating procedures 43

• Competence based on education, training

and experience shall be identified.

• Identify training needs for all personnel

having impact on Environment fromhaving impact on Environment from

• Competence Matrix.

• Provide training

• Awareness at each relevant and function on

impacts and benefits

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• Roles and responsibilities for achieving

• conformance to policies and procedures

• Negative consequences• Negative consequences

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CommunicationThe organization shall establish &

maintain procedures for:

• Internal communication between

different levels and functionsdifferent levels and functions

• Receiving, documenting and responding to

relevant communication from external

interested parties

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Documentation• Information on paper or in electronic• Description of scope of EMS Description of

scope of EMS

• Describe core elements of the EMS and • Describe core elements of the EMS and

their interaction

• Provide direction to related documentation

• Required by the standard as well as

determined by the organization as

necessary 47

Structure of the documented system

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Control of documents

• Procedure shall ensure all documents

required by the standard:

• Approve documents for adequacy prior to

issue

• Are periodically reviewed, revised &

approved by authorized person

• Current versions are in place and available

at point of use

• Obsolete docs are removed promptly49

Control of documents

• obsolete docs used for reference are so

marked

• Documents remain legible and readily

identifiableidentifiable

• Documents of external origin used

for EMS are identified and their

distribution controlled

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Operational control• Operations associated with significant

environmental aspects consistent with its

environmental policy, objectives and

targets

• Documented procedures to control

situations – that could lead to deviate

from environmental policy, objectives and

targets

• Stipulate the operating criteria in the

procedures51

• Organisation shall identify significant

aspects from suppliers & contractors

• Are these aspects addressed by

procedures?

• Are these procedures communicated with• Are these procedures communicated with

the suppliers?

• Have operational control limits been set?

• Does everyone know them?

• What happens when outside these limits?52

Example

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Emergency prepared and response• Identify potential emergency situations

and potential accidents that can have an

impact on environment

• How will organization respond to them?• How will organization respond to them?

• Organization shall respond to actual

emergency situations and accidents –

prevent or mitigate the adverse environmental impacts

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• Periodically review and revise emergency

preparedness and response procedures in

particular after an accident or emergency

situation.

• Periodically test such procedures• Periodically test such procedures

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Checking and Corrective Action

• Monitoring & Measurement

• Evaluation of Compliance

• Nonconformity, corrective action and • Nonconformity, corrective action and preventive action

• Control of the Records

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Monitoring ad measurement• Monitor and measure in regular basis, the

key characteristics of its operations – that

can have significant environmental impact

• Document the information

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• Document the information

• Calibrated or verified equipment is used

and records retained

Evaluation of Compliance

• Periodically evaluate the compliance with

legal and other requirementslegal and other requirements

• Keep records of the results of the periodic

evaluations

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Non conformity, corrective action and preventive action

• Non-conformance

◦ Non-fulfilment of a specified requirement

• Non-conformance corrections• Non-conformance corrections

◦ Remedial action taken to mitigate the

environmental impact of non-conformance

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• Corrective action

- Reactive action taken to eliminate or minimize the recurrence of the problemminimize the recurrence of the problem

• Preventive action

- Proactive action taken to minimize

the potential for non-conformances

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• Identifying and correcting nonconformities

taking actions to mitigate the impacts

• Investigating and determining the causes –• Investigating and determining the causes –

avoid their reoccurrence

• Recording the results of corrective and

preventive actions taken – reviewing the

effectiveness of the same actions taken shall be appropriate 61

Control of records

• Records to demonstrate the conformity

to the requirements of its EMS

• Procedure for identification, storage,

protection, retrieval, retention andprotection, retrieval, retention and

disposal of records

• Records remain legible, identifiable and

traceable

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Management Review

• Top management shall review

• At planned intervals

• Ensure suitability, adequacy &

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• Ensure suitability, adequacy & effectiveness

• Assess opportunities for improvement and

needs for changes – including in environmental policy, objectives and targets

Inputs to Management review

• Results of internal audits and evaluation

of compliance

• Communications from external interested

parties including complaintsparties including complaints

• Environmental performance

• The extent to which objectives & targets

have been met

• Status of corrective and preventive

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• Follow – up actions from previous

management reviews

• Changing circumstances – including in

legal and other requirementslegal and other requirements

• Recommendations for improvement

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Outputs from management review includes

• decisions and actions related to changes in

environmental policy, objectives, targets andenvironmental policy, objectives, targets and

other elements of EMS, consistent with

commitment to Continual improvement

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The EMSPlan, Do, Check, Act Cycle

(e.g., ISO 14001)

Continuous

Environmental Policy

Management Review

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Checking/Corrective Actions

• Measurement and Monitoring• EMS Nonconformance and

Corrective Actions• Records

• EMS Audits

Continuous Improvement

Implementation

• Roles and Responsibilities• Training and Communication

• EMS Document Control• Emergency Preparedness

and Response

Planning

• Environmental Aspects• Compliance

• Objectives and Targets• Environmental Mgmt.

Programs