lecture 5 final term
TRANSCRIPT
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Lecture 5 Final Termconverted to PDF by salman javed lol
Solid Waste, Types & their Characteristics
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Lecture Outline
• Define Solid Waste
• Introduction
• Sources of Solid Waste
• Types of waste
• Impact of waste
• 4 R’s concept
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Solid Waste
Solid waste comprise all the wastes from human and animal activities that are discarded as useless or
unwanted. It may arise from urban communities, agricultural and industrial activities
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Sources / Types of Solid Waste
• Residential
• Commercial
• Institutional
• Industrial
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Residential waste
Appliances, Newspapers, Clothing, Disposable tableware, Food packaging, Cans, Bottles, Food scraps and kitchen waste Yard trimming / green waste,
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Commercial waste
All types of solid waste generated by stores, offices, restaurants, warehouses, and other non manufacturing activities for the purposes of a trade or business or sports, recreation, education or entertainment
• Boxes,• Food wastes, • Office paper, • Disposable tableware,• Debris of broken buildings materials• Plastics pipes,• Broken electrical goods, • Insulating materials, etc.
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Institutional Waste
• Office paper,
• Cafeteria and restroom waste
• Classroom wastes
• Yard trimmings
• Iron, steel, tin and metal canes
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Industrial Waste
Industrial waste is a type of wasteproduced by factories, mills and mines.
Industrial solid waste is defined aswaste that is generated by businessesfrom an industrial or manufacturingprocess.
Businesses that utilize manufacturingor industrial processes, or that areservice or commercial establishments,producing industrial solid waste.
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Construction/demolition waste
Demolition waste comes from raisedbuildings, broken out streets, sidewalks, bridges and otherstructures.
Waste from construction, remodelingand repair of individual residences,commercial buildings and otherstructures are classified asconstruction waste.
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Locations where Construction/ Demolition wastes are generated
New construction
sites
Road repair
Renovation sites
Raisings of buildings
Broken pavements
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Agricultural Waste
Agricultural waste is waste produced as a result of various
agricultural operations.
Natural waste
Non-natural waste
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Natural waste
Natural wastes include organic waste (e.g. spoiled food, manure and other wastes from farms).
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Locations where agricultural waste is generated
FieldsCrops
Orchards
DairiesFeedlots
Farms
Vineyards
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Hospital Waste
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Medical/Clinical waste
Medical waste also known as clinical waste refers to any waste generated in the diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of human beings or animals, in research environment, or in the production or biological testing.
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Sources
Hospitals
Medical Research
Laboratories
Nursing Homes
Physicians’ Offices
Blood Transfusion
Centers
Dental Surgeries
Health ClinicsCommon Producers
of Biomedical
Waste
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Types
Hospital waste can be hazardous, infectious or radioactive
• Hazardous waste causes injury without infection, such as needle pokes.
• Infectious waste might contain pathogens, like blood stained gloves or used needles.
• Radioactive waste usually comes from containers of radioactive isotopes used in nuclear medicine for cancer treatments
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They can affect humans in three
principal ways:
• biologically (exposure to pathogenic micro-organisms)
• physically (contaminated sharps penetrating the skin)
• chemically (exposure to liquids, gases, etc.)
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Waste management is the collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal
and monitoring of waste materials.
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HIERARCHY OF WASTE MINIMIZATION
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Next Lecture
SWM &
Characterization of Waste
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