lecture 2: tools & conceptsintro to unix pipes & filters file system university of...

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UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST •• CMPSCI 120 Fall 2010

Lecture 2: Tools & Concepts

CMPSCI120


Editors

WINNotePad++

MacTextwrangler

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Secure Login

WINSecureCRT,PUTTYWinSCP

MacTerminal

Go


SFTP

WINWinSCP

MacFugu

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Intro to unix

pipes & filters

file system


Intro to unix commands

some commands will not work dependingon the system ls

lists your files ls -l

lists your files in 'long format', which contains lots of useful information, e.g. theexact size of the file, who owns the file and who has the right to look at it, and whenit was last modified.

ls -a lists all files, including the ones whose filenames begin in a dot, which you do not

always want to see. mkdir dirname

make a new directory cd dirname

change directory. You basically 'go' to another directory, and you will see the files inthat directory when you do 'ls'. You always start out in your 'home directory', andyou can get back there by typing 'cd' without arguments. 'cd ..' will get you one levelup from your current position. You don't have to walk along step by step - you canmake big leaps or avoid walking around by specifying pathnames.

pwd tells you where you currently are.

see http://mally.stanford.edu/~sr/computing/basic-unix.htmluse wildcards with caution

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Reading,creating & deleting files cat filename

prints the file to your terminal window more filename

shows the first part of a file, just as much as will fit on one screen.Just hit the space bar to see more or q to quit. You can use /patternto search for a pattern.

mv filename1 filename2moves a file (i.e. gives it a different name, or moves it into adifferent directory (see below)

cp filename1 filename2 copies a file

rm filename removes a file. It is wise to use the option rm -i, which will ask you forconfirmation before actually deleting anything. You can make this yourdefault by making an alias in your .cshrc file.

diff filename1 filename2 compares files, and shows where they differ

wc filename tells you how many lines, words, and characters there are in a file

chmod options filename


More - history, processes, logout

pslists running processes

historylists your most recent commands

whotells you who's logged on, andwhere they're coming from.

logging offexitlogout

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A short demo


Basic html

<tag> … </tag>Document

Root<html>

Text:My header

Element<head>

Element<title>

Element<body>

Element<a>

Element<h1>

Text:My title

Text:My title

Attributehref

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Basic html

<html>

<head>

<title> CMPSCI 120 Home Page</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>CMPSCI 120: Introduction toProblem Solving with the Internet</h1>

<p>The Internet is a goldmine … to theInternet such as copyright laws, FirstAmendment issues, and public keycryptography. </p>

<h2>Prerequisites:</h2>

…

</body>

</html>


DOCTYPE declarations HTML 4.01 Strict -- This DTD contains all HTML elements and attributes, but does not

include presentational or deprecated elements (like font). Framesets are not allowed.<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">

HTML 4.01 Transitional -- This DTD contains all HTML elements and attributes, includingpresentational and deprecated elements (like font). Framesets are not allowed.<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

HTML 4.01 Frameset -- This DTD is equal to HTML 4.01 Transitional, but allows the useof frameset content.<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd">

XHTML 1.0 Strict -- This DTD contains all HTML elements and attributes, but does notinclude presentational or deprecated elements (like font). Framesets are not allowed. Themarkup must also be written as well-formed XML.<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">

XHTML 1.0 Transitional -- This DTD contains all HTML elements and attributes, includingpresentational and deprecated elements (like font). Framesets are not allowed. Themarkup must also be written as well-formed XML.<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

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A short demo

lecture 2: tools & conceptsintro to unix pipes & filters file system university of...

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