lecture 17: imaging radar & lidar - university of...
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Lecture 17: Imaging Radar & LiDAR
Last lecture – Forest remote sensing, Van Kane
Tuesday 3 March
San Francisco
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Lecture 17: Imaging Radar & LiDAR
READING
Ch. 8.1 - 8.5 Radar Basics (p.626 – 648)Ch 8.20 - Passive microwave (p. 709 - 714)
Ch. 8.21 - LiDAR (p. 714 - 726)
Radar tutorials:http://satftp.soest.hawaii.edu/space/hawaii/vfts/kilauea/radar_ex/intro.htmlhttp://www.fas.org/irp/imint/docs/rst/Sect8/Sect8_1.htmlhttp://southport.jpl.nasa.gov/index.html
Ch. 5.8 – 5.10 – Thermal Radiation Principles (p. 352 - 374)
http://rst.gsfc.nasa.gov/Sect9/Sect9_1.html
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Radar WavelengthsMicrowave spectral region
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Passive Microwave
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Side-Looking Radar Principle
2ctd =
In aircraft and weather radars, the view is generally straight ahead, and the antenna is rotated to give a spatial pattern.
In remote sensing, the view is to the side and the motion of the airplane or spacecraft allows an image to be built up, line by line.
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Synthetic Aperture Radar
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Foreshortening, Layover, and Shadowing
β
RadarAir foto
βββ
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Styles of radar return (backscatter)
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Surface Roughness and Backscatter
Rough is defined with respect to the wavelength of the radar.
βλsin4.4
⟩hβ
λsin25
⟨h
Ih
cos8λ
⟩Rayleighcriterion
h = rms heightI = incidence angleβ = depression angle
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Effects of Look Angle
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Effect of Wavelength
Two main factors:
(1) Response to roughness
(2) Penetration of vegetation canopy and ground
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Brazil - Forest Inundation
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Example of Radar Penetration from the Sahara
R-LhhG-ChhB-Chv
TM image Radar image
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Layover example -Mt. Shasta
Owens Valley
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Mt. Rainier
R - Lhh, G - Lhv, B - Chv
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Death Valley - Furnace Creek
R - LhhG - LhvB - Chv
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Death Valley Field Sites
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Power Spectra of Surface Roughness
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Speckle
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SAR Interferometry
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Interference patterns
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Radar Interferometry - fringes
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Interferogram Examples
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Differential SAR Interferometry
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Lidar and vegetation canopies
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Lidar for the South End of Bainbridge
Island
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Next lecture – Thermal imaging