Lecture 13: Technical progress and GrowthAdvanced MacroeconomicsM.Sc. Programme in Environmental and Natural Resource Economics1/200713 July 2007

outlineGrowth accounting methodFinding technical progress in growthAccounting for technical progressNew growth factorsThailands experience

Growth accounting methodThe growth accounting equationFrom the APO Study

Try deriving Eq.2 from Eq.1, differentiation exercise.

Finding technical progress in growthThe residual in the growth accounting equationFrom above, TFPG is the Residual!See what it looks like?Back to the APO paper..

And later ..

Accounting for technical progressWhat can explain TFPG?Accounting methods do not account for quality changes, eg. Labour is skilled or unskilled, highly-educated and not much educatedCapital stock valuation-embodied/disembodied progressLearning by doing Anything else? E.g. X-efficiency,

New growth factorsThese are new growth factorsMany studies point to these factorsEg. Knowledge economyInnovationOpenness of economyGovernance of country/corruption and growthEtc.

Strong Correlation KEI & GDP/Capita

Korea in the Global Context

14 variables

GDP growth SIMA (%)GDP growth 2001 (%)Human Development IndexHuman Development Index 2000 (2002 UNDP)Tariff & nontariff barriersTariff & nontariff barriers 2002 (Heritage Fdn)Property RightsProperty Rights 2002 (Heritage Fdn)RegulationRegulation (2002 Heritage Fdn)Researchers in R&DResearchers in R&D (UNESCO 1999)Manuf. Trade as % of GDPManuf. Trade as % of GDP 2000 (SIMA)[ln] Scientific and technical journal articles per million people 1995 SIMA[ln] Number of technical papers per million people 1997 SIMAAdult literacy rate (% age 15 and above)Adult literacy rate (% age 15 and above) 2001 (2002 ILO)Secondary EnrollmentSecondary Enrollment 1998 (SIMA)Tertiary enrollmentTertiary enrollment 1998 SIMA[ln] Telephone per 1000 (mainlines + mobile)[ln] Telephone per 1000 people 2001 (telephone mainlines+mobile phones) ITU[ln] Computers per 1,000 persons[ln] Computers per 1,000 persons 2001 (ITU)[ln] Internet hosts per 10,000 people[ln] Internet hosts per 10,000 people, 2001 (ITU)

1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent

p1p1p2p2e4e4e5e5e6e6i6i6i7i7i10i10h1h1h2h2h3h3t1t1t4t4t10t10

G7GE2.291.400.920.938.008.009.439.148.296.86324716.29325537.7128.4533.896.186.1699.7499.79106.84109.2057.0659.016.407.095.135.873.966.10

CanadaGE12.71.480.9320.94088101088649607885044.98055.66.606.50100100104.910587.8906.546.885.395.974.856.84

FranceGE21.72.030.9140.92888888614107515422227.78036.926.126.13100100111.311151516.367.075.005.823.304.90

GermanyGE31.71.570.9070.9258810108624232023214232.52043.576.056.091001001049846.1466.337.185.195.824.085.69

ItalyGE42.91.780.8970.913888886751267644431.71034.815.625.6598.298.593.995.442.347.26.227.184.445.272.644.77

JapanGE51.5-0.430.9230.933881088670320461853411.41013.745.825.86100100103.410241.72446.387.084.805.853.096.33

UKGE62.82.200.9160.92888101010813125414443236.27036.116.536.4810010013315649.6586.407.225.315.904.335.92

USAGE72.71.190.9250.9398810108891507597414014.48016.476.526.4210010097.49780.976.96.607.015.806.435.448.22

Western EuropeWE3.022.300.910.927.868.009.299.436.436.7115705.1519434.1547.3857.755.956.0098.8299.14115.02116.3544.3450.346.387.225.115.784.236.28

AustriaWE11.621.040.9090.9268810106687821282142.9657.945.976.06100.00100.00104.396.047.3550.06.257.155.095.634.216.00

BelgiumWE22.560.970.9270.93988101066184652291887.59114.186.106.16100.00100.00146.3147.156.3358.86.187.125.185.843.445.84

DenmarkWE32.80.920.9070.92688101088131751629535.16040.336.636.6710010012112648556.657.295.616.074.586.95

FinlandWE43.80.720.9080.93088101048114101399542.88052.156.576.6610010011612170836.617.195.456.056.057.44

GreeceWE52.104.1000.8680.8858886665461803020.2320.245.195.3696.3097.495.395.642.349.96.257.163.544.402.134.91

IcelandWE60.123.0000.9180.93688101068815113022.5226.836.246.16100100103.9110.335.440.46.517.305.336.045.747.55

IrelandWE79.76.660.8940.925881010885880927685.770117.735.685.64100100116109.139.6456.017.105.225.973.645.81

LuxembourgWE83.785.1000.9120.92588101088N/AN/A79.4976.644.234.2110010084.997.39.39.66.457.475.926.243.855.75

NetherlandsWE92.31.060.9220.93588101086316503550460.60080.836.566.5410010013712548496.337.225.306.064.727.40

NorwayWE103.81.400.9250.94268101066126361465625.80024.166.386.4410010011612158.6656.687.345.616.235.276.51

PortugalWE112.851.9300.8550.88088886659081164839.3045.594.484.7090.1092.7110.7112.638.844.65.997.094.034.772.555.48

SpainWE122.72.750.8950.913888866412235089526.22035.925.535.6697.1097.812211347.8566.016.994.135.132.644.90

SwedenWE133.71.220.9250.9418881066277203443447.66056.326.826.82100100136.516146.7636.817.335.526.335.116.72

SwitzerlandWE140.51.300.9140.9288881066210422104247.159.656.846.90100100100.29432.5356.607.275.656.215.346.60

Developed OceaniaDO4.082.100.910.938.008.0010.0010.007.008.0027666.0033539.0022.2024.856.446.40100.00100.00127.45134.0766.3071.156.397.005.516.105.077.02

AustraliaDO14.352.390.9270.9398810106851153.0006042618.37020.26.486.43100100142.51557379.86.427.005.626.255.157.08

New ZealandDO23.81.800.9020.917881010884179.000665226.02029.56.396.36100100112.4113.159.662.56.357.005.405.955.006.96

East AsiaEA7.772.150.750.775.096.557.646.736.185.6464160.4481591.5691.56113.972.832.9889.1792.8366.1073.1620.7126.094.595.813.064.051.313.04

ChinaEA110.57.300.6810.72622444441600855297232.65036.151.922.1380.8084.865.8625.363.585.521.192.960.020.52

HongkongEA23.91.000.8770.888101010101010n/aN/A241.420237.895.415.7091.8093.87371.9125.0327.46.497.275.055.953.396.35

IndonesiaEA38.23.310.6640.684266444297443130426.03036.530.460.4883.7087.551.54811.311.262.894.121.802.370.111.14

KoreaEA48.93.040.8520.882661010668737610087842.62056.024.294.6297.0097.9100.9102.05267.66.106.994.695.532.084.53

MalaysiaEA59.80.390.7600.78264868616721953137.090165.92.872.7084.408858.79811.711.435.386.213.654.841.103.47

MongoliaEA66.31.400.6360.65521086641820182033.740n/a1.342.0182.9098.959.256.341524.83.534.821.482.620.000.46

PhilippinesEA74.73.400.7330.754266644100481004831.93083.151.081.1894.0095.577.577.3129283.335.182.363.090.231.61

SingaporeEA88-2.000.8570.88510101010101042789272243.180247.335.715.6890.8092.673.46733.743.86.217.095.316.234.196.17

TaiwanEA96.4-2.00N/AN/A8810886n/aN/A68.47081.265.355.44n/aN/An/aN/An/aN/A6.157.344.605.412.576.64

ThailandEA109.31.790.7490.76268108666498607758.46081.521.821.9594.2095.7548820304.395.362.713.280.692.51

VietnamEA119.55.990.6490.6882222222000020000n/an/a0.830.8892.1093.647614.110.682.383.970.862.290.000.06

South AsiaSA5.144.280.530.563.203.605.604.804.004.0035799.7539293.0025.1326.371.381.2951.7656.3441.6350.545.004.782.063.220.971.420.000.49

BangladeshSA14.95.160.4450.4782244225843609719.521.380.830.7238.14219.1647.465.454.810.882.07N/A0.6400.00

IndiaSA27.74.500.5450.57722664412835013842111.66011.572.342.2853.305848.8496.587.202.563.690.831.760.010.59

NepalSA33.55.860.4530.490844444n/aN/A22.16027.10.990.9835.9042.739.7484.431.392.590.801.220.010.49

PakistanSA44.13.400.4730.49924844460489216.022.08021.01.201.0341.2047.125.6637.23.4493.5482.833.371.511.410.000.58

Sri LankaSA55.52.500.7190.74126666629583438.050.2450.81.521.4490.3091.974.8715.15.3242.644.390.742.070.000.79

Europe and Central AsiaECA0.584.820.760.785.096.455.735.455.554.7355200.3246259.0037.5354.503.793.7896.7597.5284.0783.3628.3033.144.985.742.773.981.043.11

AlbaniaECA18.906.480.7020.733446464N/AN/A26.6424.851.801.4781.2085.3037.5238.211.310.92.454.930.692.030.100.39

ArmeniaECA26.909.600.7150.75461066445492549228.7830.653.813.8298.0098.5080.2390.013.912.05.044.991.102.070.381.98

BelarusECA3-10.44.100.7760.788466462325902248040.50030.534.204.0299.5099.693.48642.345.25.265.68N/AN/A0.021.44

BulgariaECA42.94.500.7780.779646644394561397654.500544.664.7397.9098.5787639.4435.736.312.893.790.693.53

Czech RepublicECA563.500.8430.84910888106132001222071.600100.945.185.3299.0010098.78521.8265.486.943.994.803.095.35

EstoniaECA64.34.20N/A0.826101088884988201744.900111.625.005.4199.0099.8103.71043847.45.706.694.235.163.225.88

GeorgiaECA72.64.500.7620.748684444N/AN/An/an/a3.243.289910075.6478.639.634.24.635.36N/AN/A0.101.57

HungaryECA81.53.800.8090.835488886115001099044.600112.055.095.1599.2099.397.89823.6345.476.773.694.612.775.13

KazakhstanECA9-8.213.200.7450.750444424n/aN/A7.46030.732.392.1999.009884.48733.2722.964.785.01N/AN/A0.112.05

Kyrgyz Rep.ECA10-5.425.310.7060.7124444443826268515.2237.841.421.0397.009778.886.411.930.54.374.41N/AN/A0.002.32

LatviaECA11-0.87.550.7630.8004866664593209823.09046.514.084.2799.8099.8858727515.656.382.195.031.794.68

LithuaniaECA123.33.800.7810.80841066668112811229.66049.463.803.9299.5099.684.29028.2415.556.342.014.260.694.57

MoldovaECA13-1.46.070.7040.7012666442158144241.0342.953.483.3698.309980.9380.525.327.84.875.311.142.770.011.61

PolandECA1471.200.8080.833486866410785296229.82040.394.704.6499.7099.797.65134.9744.25.016.323.384.451.954.85

RomaniaECA157.15.300.7720.7751064444281063190135.56048.683.313.5297.6098.277.9801824.44.885.872.663.580.693.08

RussiaECA16-4.15.000.7790.78144648462041652728912.95016.914.844.7799.4099.687854240.65.145.642.923.910.913.22

SlovakiaECA176.73.290.8170.83588868610080.000933068.16087.465.295.2599.0010093.79720.226.65.356.533.745.001.954.91

SloveniaECA184.13.000.8520.8794446685944.000450277.29085.725.285.5699.6099.690.59934.553.35.787.064.625.623.375.01

TajikistanECA19-12.45.000.6690.66726444439743722n/an/a1.851.7698.8099.380.5778.220.420.53.803.60N/AN/A0.001.49

TurkeyECA207.18-6.400.7170.742888684123691775123.81029.663.293.5682.0085.65769.719.5145.386.382.753.710.692.84

UkraineECA21-12.29.100.7450.748264444163299112327n/an/a3.963.7799.5099.692.619341.7425.085.552.232.910.412.53

UzbekistanECA22-0.94.000.7140.7272244223762537625n/an/a2.622.4786.4089.494.4794.2035.837.434.224.22N/AN/A0.010.08

Latin AmericaLA3.401.250.720.743.905.706.005.405.305.106800.136017.3826.1028.112.012.1083.8786.1553.4963.4119.3021.204.295.412.743.660.532.49

ArgentinaLA1-2.9-3.700.8300.84444868611583231009.46010.693.934.0996.3096.972.78937.646.95.136.003.243.981.104.83

BarbadosLA21.54.130.9090.8712461068n/aN/A36.35036.274.374.3197.409895.5410528.7315.896.344.074.540.101.77

BoliviaLA34.71.020.6300.6538864441106137620.41021.041.431.4882.3086.239.1239.9624.224.93.535.021.483.020.091.04

BrazilLA44.21.510.7370.75744664657868272168.97012.583.033.2183.2085.655.68312.913.64.535.952.914.140.824.57

ChileLA510.62.900.8110.831481010885499623022.63022.464.014.0594.9095.969.5852833.74.956.363.534.431.954.38

ColombiaLA65.21.550.7500.7724664861083108315.44016.771.601.8290.3092.161.37115.519.74.775.512.853.740.692.67

Costa RicaLA75.60.920.8050.8204866661596159634.21057.132.972.9694.8095.747.65230.6331.275.015.724.255.141.613.08

Dom.RepLA822.700.6980.727244444n/aN/An/an/a0.530.5681.6083.951.66622.423.084.395.55N/AN/A0.173.90

EcuadorLA92.35.240.7190.7324464441463.00010032.1034.721.221.4589.5091.651.7356.2317.917.614.195.142.653.150.361.29

El SalvadorLA106.42.000.6820.706486668195175220.80023.180.190.4176.0079.334.35618.918.213.955.39N/A3.090.040.59

GuatemalaLA114.942.100.6090.63126644485885820.5122.590.990.8665.1069.426.1833.48.58.43.455.091.392.550.031.90

HaitiLA124.43-1.620.4570.471262222N/AN/An/an/a0.210.2544.8050.928.6429.31.21.22.123.03N/AN/A0.000.00

HondurasLA134.072.580.6280.638466644N/AN/A33.3040.390.740.9871.7075.132.13232.010.913.03.304.421.392.500.000.40

JamaicaLA1411.720.7360.742446666241860.1539.363.372.8584.7087.265.74907.88.94.916.151.823.910.531.88

MexicoLA15-6.2-0.300.7740.796688644141681947442.80051.682.933.0689.8091.66170.54815.318.44.625.873.284.231.104.53

NicaraguaLA164.33.000.6150.63524444465072538.62050.520.561.1666.8068.948.950.14511.5123.144.112.082.260.261.65

ParaguayLA174.7-0.500.7350.74066646480780727.67021.980.700.5991.9093.5415110.0810.143.645.542.402.650.001.76

PeruLA188.60.200.7300.7472664445551559214.43014.221.241.2987.9090.369.78127293.914.922.763.870.301.82

UruguayLA19-1.4-3.100.8150.8316668662093209316.05017.073.303.6397.3097.982.48828.4934.75.466.083.134.701.105.36

VenezuelaLA203.962.660.7660.7704464844258425815.9113.242.932.9891.0092.935.1539.528.528.24.895.933.363.970.432.32

Middle East and North AfricaMENA3.922.670.690.714.594.596.825.766.595.295289.255989.0033.1529.242.982.9469.3474.4762.8767.4816.3019.584.485.392.853.600.531.76

AlgeriaMENA13.81.900.6630.697246466n/aN/A16.77012.281.791.7661.5068.862.5661214.83.714.151.381.960.010.19

BahrainMENA23.934.000.8200.831861010108n/aN/A40.90031.544.243.4385.3088979321.0725.95.676.513.944.951.253.23

DjiboutiMENA3-3.61.590.4470.445446644n/aN/An/an/a0.870.0058.9065.512.9320.220.3152.563.002.072.390.060.49

EgyptMENA44.73.300.6050.642224644196802478614.16012.083.102.9751.2056.276.58120.1638.83.834.991.672.740.090.25

IranMENA52.94.560.6880.721222242n/aN/A11.9112.721.661.8670.8077.87576.6817.218.334.425.233.274.240.040.32

IsraelMENA67.01-0.500.8770.896888886201002010046.754.866.866.7995.0096.288894148.66.217.164.905.503.935.40

JordanMENA76.44.190.7030.71744866628228245.76051.733.553.8186.4090.355.365.921619.484.095.602.013.490.041.65

KuwaitMENA81.12.200.8120.8138610886205.00046026.24028.624.564.4779.708362.0365.119.219.245.696.194.054.882.202.91

LebanonMENA96.51.300.7300.755846464n/aN/An/an/a2.613.0683.3086.580.6892738.185.016.012.874.030.183.04

MoroccoMENA10-6.66.540.5690.602228466n/aN/A21.97035.922.242.4044.0049.938.540119.33.785.281.432.570.080.59

OmanMENA115.115.500.7300.751668686n/aN/A31.59038.293.183.3163.7073.166.7675.384.415.362.333.480.002.94

QatarMENA129.9-1.800.8190.80368664422922931.26022.123.893.6679.2081.779.77927.525.95.556.344.025.100.001.12

Saudi ArabiaMENA130.44-1.000.7370.7594410686n/aN/A21.04016.783.663.5072.2077.9586615.819.34.555.553.604.140.011.81

SyriaMENA145.83.490.6650.69122448445045036.68016.661.451.5769.9075.343.34215.4264.224.792.092.790.000.01

TunisiaMENA152.35.400.6820.722226686888112556.19056.392.803.0964.7072.164.672.51317.24.065.002.043.170.080.20

UAEMENA166.12.900.8100.8128810888n/aN/A73.450n/a3.823.7772.9076.177.67810.9813.25.857.023.925.060.965.67

YemenMENA1710.861.760.4390.47926446448048022.64019.340.370.4940.1047.630.6454.210.42.563.40N/A0.640.000.04

AfricaAF4.904.090.470.483.143.715.815.244.674.482142.716035.8614.5514.821.601.5059.2864.8129.1631.973.663.872.053.351.291.810.140.89

AngolaAF110.303.160.4050.4032.0002.004.004.002.002.00N/AN/A3.416.530.200.1542.0042.0012.4316.00.70.81.572.510.690.260.000.01

BeninAF24.605.800.3880.4208.0046.0046.004794.0079423.2015.051.161.4333.8041.615.7021.42.603.41.673.350.440.530.010.58

BotswanaAF35.105.700.6200.5724.0068.0086.006n/aN/A3.724.302.942.8672.707862.6076.55.303.53.715.562.423.660.182.15

CameroonAF43.35.300.4990.512226444n/aN/A7.819.221.831.8369.707725.63203.495.1821.613.300.921.360.000.23

Cote D'IvoireAF57.1-0.900.4160.428246.00046.0004n/aN/A19.0721.421.211.1240.4048.423236.3467.3342.204.140.001.810.001.07

EritreaAF62.95.140.4080.421n/aN/An/aN/An/aN/An/aN/A25.7820.450.370.0551.1056.718.9241.021.2391.592.13N/A0.590.010.03

EthiopiaAF76.17.850.3080.327224.00044.0004n/aN/A3.173.320.991.5433.0039.611.6170.710.691.650.000.180.010.01

GhanaAF844.000.5250.548246644n/aN/A25.03041.231.501.6765.1072.633.6032.341.31.321.393.040.781.190.000.10

KenyaAF94.41.100.5230.513446644n/aN/A8.685.922.472.2477.1083.424.4311.561.462.083.260.461.720.010.62

MadagascarAF101.76.700.4410.469224.00066.0006159.00015912.2415.03N/AN/A62.3067.315.6162.172.330.692.530.000.880.000.13

MalawiAF1116.72.830.4030.4004.00046644N/AN/A11.9714.411.681.5755.906116.5017.30.60.21.282.250.590.100.000.02

MauritaniaAF124.64.640.4180.438624.00044.0004n/aN/A24.76018.220.650.6939.4042.915.917.93.845.51.392.291.932.280.000.34

MauritiusAF134.77.200.7460.77244888618536128.9026.601.921.1082.408561.8716.17.24.966.233.504.680.003.30

MozambiqueAF144.39.000.3130.322264444n/aN/A8.227.110.430.4238.5045.37.190.40.521.252.550.591.250.000.01

NamibiaAF154.464.610.6290.610448846n/aN/A22.1816.552.131.5078.5082.762.359.38.17.2883.974.802.623.590.103.29

NigeriaAF162.54.000.4480.4622264441320132018.00023.961.561.4956.4065.332.0430.304.284.021.391.961.771.920.000.06

SenegalAF175.235.740.4000.4312.00048.00064.0004201927.5824.872.182.0132.8038.316.1519.53.33.62.284.172.102.920.011.08

South AfricaAF183.12.220.7240.69524668612215391786.5413.574.013.8783.3085.695.4103.717.517.24.705.783.364.232.564.02

TanzaniaAF193.64.570.4270.440226444n/aN/A2.360.531.281.3570.0076.85.46.50.460.661.102.771.101.190.000.34

UgandaAF2011.54.620.4040.44426464630642014.62017.661.121.1961.8068.11216.071.72.170.692.840.421.130.030.12

ZambiaAF21-2.495.170.4320.4336.00066644N/AN/A6.028.611.651.2773.2078.926.5426.52.52.72.242.842.081.950.100.71

ZimbabweAF220.15-8.400.5630.551246244n/aN/A16.7811.442.282.2384.8089.447496.56.692.643.751.392.490.081.27

Max.16.7213.200.9320.94210.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.00915075.00974140.00243.18247.336.866.90100.00100.00146.32161.0087.8090.006.817.475.926.436.058.22

Min.-12.40-8.400.310.322.002.002.002.002.002.0020.0018.002.360.530.190.0032.8038.305.406.500.220.190.691.650.000.100.000.00

10 scales29.1221.600.620.628.008.008.008.008.008.00915055.00974122.00240.82246.806.676.9067.2061.70140.92154.5087.5889.816.125.825.926.346.058.22

per scale2.912.160.060.060.800.800.800.800.800.8091505.5097412.2024.0824.680.670.696.726.1714.0915.458.768.980.610.580.590.630.600.82

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1999

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1999

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1999

WB182718:1997

assigned 10 based on 1997

assigned 8 based on 1997

WB182718:1996

1987 (scientists and engrs/mill SIMA) X1987( total pop SIMA)

assumed to be sameas that for "most recent"

WB182718:2000 UNDP

WB182718:1997

1998 data

1999 data

1999 data

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1994

1999 data

1997

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1997

1996

1997

WB182718:1998

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1996

WB182718:undp 98

WB182718:undp 98

WB182718:2000 UNDP

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:undp 98

all from 1998

WB182718:undp 98

WB182718:2000 UNDP

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1999

WB182718:2000 UNDP

no other year reported. Hence, 8112(1996)repeated.

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1996

1999 data

WB182718:undp 98

WB182718:1998

WB182718:1998

WB182718:1998

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1996

1997

all from 1998

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1997

WB182718:2000

all data from 1996

WB182718:undp 1998

WB182718:2000 UNDP

1997

WB182718:1997

1987 data 39X5( pop)

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1996

1997

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1997

all from 1997

1986 data

1999 data

all from 1996

1997

1997

1997

1999 data

1998 data

WB182718:1997 PRS group

all from 1999

1999 data

no other data; 450 repeated

WB182718:prs group

1997

1993

no other data reported. Data for 1997 repeated.

WB182718:1998

WB182718:2000

WB182718:2000

WB182718:2000

WB182718:undp 1998

WB182718:2000 UNDP

all 1996

WB182718:1998

1996 data used

1999 data used

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1997

1996 data

WB182718:1996

all from 1996

1996 data

1989 Data

1996

1996

1987 data

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1998

WB182718:1998

WB182718:1998 undp 2000

WB182718:1998 undp 2000

WB182718:1998 undp 2000

WB182718:1998 undp 2000

WB182718:1998 undp 2000

WB182718:1998

N/A for all years in SIMA

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1997

WB182718:1997

WB212083:1996 data

WB212083:1996 data

WB212083:1997 data

WB212083:1996 data

WB212083:1997 Data

WB212083:1997 Data

WB212083:1998 data

WB212083:1998 data

WB212083:1997 data

WB212083:1997 data

WB212083:1998 Data

WB182718:afrdi 2002

WB182718:1997 afrdi 2002

WB182718:1997 afrdi 2002

WB182718:afrdi 2002

WB182718: afrdi 2002

WB182718: 1998 afrdi 2002

WB182718: afrdi 2002

WB182718: afrdi 2002

WB182718: afrdi 2002

WB182718:1999 afrdi 2002

WB182718: afrdi 2002

WB182718: afrdi 2002

WB182718: afrdi 2002

WB182718: afrdi 2002

WB182718:1997 afrdi 2002

WB182718:afrdi 2002

WB182718:afrdi 2002

WB182718:afrdi 2002

WB182718:afrdi 2002

WB182718:afrdi 2002

WB182718:afrdi 2002

WB182718:afrdi 2002

WB182718: afrdi 2002

WB182718: afrdi 2002

WB182718: afrdi 2002

WB182718: afrdi 2002

WB182718: afrdi 2002

WB182718: afrdi 2002

WB182718:1998

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

WB182718:1996

14 Normalized

GDP growth (%)Average Annual GDP growth (%) (2001 WDI)Human Development IndexHuman Development Index 1999 (2001 UNDP)Tariff & nontariff barriersTariff & nontariff barriers 2001 (2001 Heritage Fdn)Property RightsProperty Rights (2001 Heritage Fdn)RegulationRegulation (2001 Heritage Fdn)Researchers in R&DResearchers in R&D (UNESCO 1999)Manuf. Trade as % of GDPManuf. Trade as % of GDP (SIMA)[ln] Scientific and technical journal articles per million people[ln] Number of technical papers per million people 1997 (2001 WDI)Adult literacy rate (% age 15 and above)Adult literacy rate (% age 15 and above) 1999 (2001 UNDP)Secondary EnrollmentSecondary Enrollment 1998 (SIMA)Tertiary enrollmentTertiary enrollment 1998 (2001 WDI)[ln] Telephone per 1000 (mainlines + mobile)[ln] Telephone per 1000 people 1999 (telephone mainlines+mobile phones) 2000 ITU[ln] Computers per 1,000 persons[ln] Computers per 1,000 persons 1999 (2000 ITU)[ln] Internet hosts per 10,000 people[ln] Internet hosts per 10,000 people, 2001 (ITU)

1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent

Scorecardp1p1p2p2e4e4e5e5e6e6i6i6i7i7i10i10h1h1h2h2h3h3t1t1t4t4t10t10

G7GE5.044.549.759.807.507.509.298.937.866.073.553.341.081.358.988.939.969.977.206.656.496.559.339.358.679.116.557.41

CanadaGE15.194.5710.009.977.507.5010.0010.007.507.500.710.811.772.239.629.4210.0010.007.066.3810.0010.009.568.999.109.268.028.32

FranceGE25.194.839.719.777.507.507.507.507.505.001.541.581.061.478.898.8810.0010.007.516.765.805.669.269.328.449.035.455.96

GermanyGE34.844.629.609.737.507.5010.0010.007.505.002.652.381.251.748.788.8310.0010.007.005.925.245.109.219.518.779.036.746.92

ItalyGE45.254.719.449.537.507.507.507.507.505.000.820.781.221.398.148.199.739.766.285.764.805.239.039.507.508.174.365.81

JapanGE54.773.699.869.857.507.5010.007.507.505.007.686.350.380.548.458.4910.0010.006.956.184.744.889.299.338.109.095.117.70

UKGE65.224.919.749.777.507.5010.0010.0010.007.501.431.481.411.449.509.4010.0010.009.059.685.646.449.329.588.979.167.167.20

USAGE75.194.449.899.957.507.5010.0010.007.507.5010.0010.000.500.659.499.3110.0010.006.535.869.218.549.659.229.7910.008.9910.00

Western EuropeWE5.304.959.589.707.327.509.119.295.545.890.170.201.872.328.638.699.829.867.787.115.045.589.299.578.648.977.007.63

AustriaWE14.814.379.639.747.507.5010.0010.005.005.000.100.131.692.338.678.7910.0010.007.025.795.385.559.089.468.608.746.967.29

BelgiumWE25.144.349.929.957.507.5010.0010.005.005.000.200.243.544.608.878.9310.0010.0010.009.106.416.538.979.418.769.075.697.10

DenmarkWE35.224.319.609.747.507.5010.0010.007.507.500.140.171.361.619.659.6710.0010.008.207.735.466.109.739.699.479.427.588.46

FinlandWE45.564.229.629.817.507.5010.0010.002.507.500.120.141.682.099.589.6510.0010.007.857.417.979.229.679.529.219.3910.009.05

GreeceWE54.985.798.979.087.507.507.505.005.005.000.060.080.740.807.507.779.459.586.385.764.815.539.089.465.986.793.525.98

IcelandWE64.305.289.789.907.507.5010.0010.005.007.500.010.010.841.079.088.9210.0010.006.996.724.024.489.519.729.009.379.499.19

IrelandWE77.596.979.399.737.507.5010.0010.007.507.500.060.103.464.758.248.1710.0010.007.856.644.505.018.699.378.819.276.027.07

LuxemburgWE85.566.259.689.737.507.5010.0010.007.507.50n/an/a3.203.086.066.1110.0010.005.645.881.041.059.4110.0010.009.706.376.99

NetherlandsWE95.054.389.849.897.507.5010.0010.007.505.000.350.362.423.259.559.4710.0010.009.347.675.465.439.219.578.969.417.809.00

NorwayWE115.564.549.8910.005.007.5010.0010.005.005.000.140.150.970.969.299.3310.0010.007.857.416.677.249.789.799.489.688.717.92

PortugalWE105.244.788.779.007.507.507.507.505.005.000.060.121.531.836.436.818.538.827.476.874.414.948.669.356.817.374.226.67

SpainWE115.195.169.419.537.507.507.507.505.005.000.450.520.991.438.018.219.579.648.276.895.436.188.699.186.987.944.365.96

SwedenWE125.534.459.899.987.507.507.5010.005.005.000.300.351.882.269.959.8810.0010.009.3010.005.316.9910.009.779.339.848.448.17

SwitzerlandWE134.434.499.719.777.507.507.5010.005.005.000.230.221.862.409.9810.0010.0010.006.735.663.693.919.659.679.549.658.838.02

Developed OceaniaDO5.664.869.729.777.507.5010.0010.006.257.500.300.340.820.999.379.2710.0010.008.668.267.557.909.319.199.319.488.398.54

AustraliaDO15.755.009.929.957.507.5010.0010.005.007.500.560.620.660.809.439.3210.0010.009.739.618.318.869.369.209.509.718.518.61

New ZealandDO25.564.729.529.607.507.5010.0010.007.507.500.050.070.981.179.309.2210.0010.007.596.906.786.949.259.199.129.248.268.46

East AsiaEA6.934.887.027.243.865.687.055.915.234.550.700.843.704.603.954.328.398.844.314.312.342.886.367.145.176.242.163.70

ChinaEA17.867.275.986.520.000.002.502.502.502.504.555.681.261.442.593.087.147.544.293.590.580.654.726.652.004.520.030.64

HongkongEA25.604.359.129.1310.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.00n/an/a9.939.627.838.268.789.004.804.232.833.039.489.658.529.245.617.73

IndonesiaEA37.075.425.715.840.005.005.002.502.502.500.320.320.981.460.410.697.577.973.272.691.271.233.594.253.043.590.191.39

KoreaEA47.315.308.729.035.005.0010.0010.005.005.000.951.041.672.256.156.709.559.666.786.185.917.518.849.187.928.573.445.52

MalaysiaEA57.624.077.247.425.002.507.505.007.505.000.020.025.596.704.023.917.688.063.785.921.311.257.657.846.167.481.824.22

MongoliaEA66.424.545.265.370.0010.007.505.005.002.500.020.021.30n/a1.722.927.469.823.823.231.692.744.635.452.493.980.000.56

PhilippinesEA75.875.466.816.970.005.005.005.002.502.500.110.101.233.351.341.709.119.275.124.583.293.104.316.063.994.730.381.96

SingaporeEA87.012.968.809.0810.0010.0010.0010.0010.0010.000.050.0910.0010.008.288.238.638.804.833.923.824.869.029.348.979.686.937.51

TaiwanEA96.462.96n/an/a7.507.5010.007.507.505.00n/an/a2.753.277.747.89n/an/an/an/an/an/a8.919.787.778.384.258.08

ThailandEA107.454.727.077.105.007.5010.007.505.005.000.070.062.333.282.442.839.149.303.455.282.263.326.056.384.585.031.153.05

VietnamEA117.526.665.465.900.000.000.000.000.000.000.220.21n/an/a0.951.288.828.962.953.530.441.172.763.991.453.470.000.07

South AsiaSA6.025.873.513.791.502.004.503.502.502.500.390.400.951.051.781.872.822.922.572.850.550.512.232.701.642.090.010.60

BangladeshSA15.946.282.202.520.000.002.502.500.000.000.060.060.710.840.961.040.790.600.982.650.600.510.300.72n/a0.860.000.00

IndiaSA26.905.973.804.110.000.005.005.002.502.501.401.420.390.453.223.303.053.193.082.750.730.783.063.511.402.620.010.72

NepalSA35.466.602.322.717.502.502.502.502.502.50n/an/a0.821.081.201.420.460.712.432.690.480.311.131.611.351.780.010.60

PakistanSA45.675.462.642.850.002.507.502.502.502.500.070.090.820.831.511.501.251.431.441.990.370.373.502.952.552.080.000.70

Sri LankaSA56.155.056.596.760.005.005.005.005.005.000.030.041.992.041.992.088.568.694.924.170.560.573.184.721.263.110.000.96

Europe and Central AsiaECA4.466.127.247.323.865.574.664.324.433.410.600.471.462.195.395.499.529.605.584.973.213.677.017.034.676.131.733.79

AlbaniaECA17.316.896.316.632.502.505.002.505.002.50n/an/a1.010.992.412.137.207.622.282.051.271.192.875.631.173.050.170.47

ArmeniaECA26.638.336.526.975.0010.005.005.002.502.500.060.061.101.225.435.539.709.765.315.401.561.317.105.731.863.110.632.41

BelarusECA30.695.797.507.522.505.005.002.505.000.000.360.231.581.226.015.839.939.946.245.154.805.017.476.92n/an/a0.031.75

BulgariaECA45.255.977.537.375.002.505.005.002.502.500.430.142.172.176.716.859.699.765.154.504.474.778.238.014.885.831.154.30

Czech RepublicECA56.325.518.578.5010.007.507.507.5010.005.000.140.132.884.077.487.709.8510.006.625.082.462.877.839.096.747.425.116.51

EstoniaECA65.735.83n/a8.1310.0010.007.507.507.507.500.050.021.774.507.217.849.859.976.986.314.315.268.188.677.158.005.327.15

GeorgiaECA75.155.977.286.875.007.502.502.502.502.50n/an/an/an/a4.574.769.8510.004.984.674.503.796.436.38n/an/a0.171.91

HungaryECA84.775.658.038.272.507.507.507.507.505.000.130.111.754.527.357.479.889.896.565.922.673.767.808.806.237.124.586.24

KazakhstanECA91.4410.007.006.902.502.502.502.500.002.50n/an/a0.211.223.303.179.859.685.615.213.772.546.685.77n/an/a0.192.50

Kyrgyz Rep.ECA102.406.356.386.292.502.502.502.502.502.500.040.030.531.511.841.499.559.515.215.171.343.376.014.75n/an/a0.002.82

LatviaECA113.987.387.297.712.507.505.005.005.005.000.050.020.861.865.836.199.979.975.655.213.065.668.108.123.697.792.965.69

LithuaniaECA125.395.657.587.842.5010.005.005.005.005.000.090.081.131.985.415.689.939.945.595.403.194.547.948.063.406.571.155.56

MoldovaECA133.786.706.356.110.005.005.005.002.502.500.020.011.611.724.944.879.759.845.364.792.873.086.836.291.934.210.021.96

PolandECA146.664.448.018.242.507.505.007.505.005.000.450.541.141.626.766.739.969.956.542.883.974.907.068.035.726.873.225.90

RomaniaECA156.706.347.447.3110.005.002.502.502.502.500.310.331.381.954.675.109.649.715.144.762.032.706.837.264.495.491.153.74

Russia1ECA162.856.207.557.402.502.505.002.507.502.506.785.410.440.666.976.919.919.945.795.084.774.507.266.864.946.011.503.92

SlovakiaECA176.565.418.168.277.507.507.505.007.505.000.110.102.733.527.657.619.8510.006.275.862.282.947.618.396.317.733.225.97

SloveniaECA185.675.288.728.982.502.502.505.005.007.500.060.053.113.457.638.069.949.946.045.993.915.918.319.297.818.725.576.09

TajikistanECA190.006.205.795.560.005.002.502.502.502.500.040.04n/an/a2.492.569.829.895.334.642.312.265.083.35n/an/a0.001.81

TurkeyECA206.720.936.556.777.507.507.505.007.502.500.130.180.891.184.645.167.327.673.664.092.201.547.678.124.655.701.153.45

UkraineECA210.078.107.006.870.005.002.502.502.502.501.781.15n/an/a5.655.479.939.946.195.604.744.667.176.703.774.440.673.08

UzbekistanECA223.955.746.516.530.000.002.502.500.000.000.410.39n/an/a3.643.597.988.286.325.684.064.155.774.43n/an/a0.020.09

Latin AmericaLA5.434.476.636.672.384.635.004.254.133.880.070.060.991.122.733.047.607.753.413.682.182.345.886.464.635.620.883.02

ArgentinaLA13.262.188.378.422.502.507.505.007.505.000.130.240.290.415.615.939.459.504.785.344.275.207.257.475.476.131.825.88

BarbadosLA24.775.809.638.850.002.505.0010.005.007.50n/an/a1.411.456.276.249.619.686.406.383.253.438.508.076.877.010.162.15

BoliviaLA35.874.365.165.347.507.505.002.502.502.500.010.010.750.831.862.147.377.762.392.172.742.754.635.802.494.610.141.27

BrazilLA45.704.596.887.022.502.505.005.002.505.000.630.280.270.494.254.667.507.673.564.951.451.496.277.404.916.381.355.56

ChileLA57.905.238.068.212.507.5010.0010.007.507.500.060.060.840.895.735.889.249.344.555.083.173.736.958.105.976.843.225.33

ColombiaLA66.044.617.087.262.505.005.002.507.505.000.010.010.540.662.112.648.568.723.974.171.742.176.666.634.825.751.153.25

Costa RicaLA76.184.317.968.032.507.505.005.005.005.000.020.021.322.294.164.299.239.302.992.943.473.467.067.007.187.952.663.75

Dom.RepLA84.955.146.256.530.002.502.502.502.502.50n/an/an/an/a0.510.817.267.393.283.852.532.556.056.70n/an/a0.284.74

EcuadorLA95.056.316.596.612.502.505.002.502.502.500.020.001.231.391.542.108.448.643.293.222.011.945.716.004.474.820.601.57

El SalvadorLA106.464.815.996.192.507.505.005.005.007.500.000.020.770.920.000.596.436.652.053.202.132.015.326.42n/a4.720.070.72

GuatemalaLA115.954.864.824.980.005.005.002.502.502.500.010.010.750.891.191.254.815.041.471.740.940.914.515.912.343.870.042.31

HaitiLA125.783.142.392.400.005.000.000.000.000.00n/an/an/an/a0.030.361.792.041.651.480.120.122.332.38n/an/a0.000.00

HondurasLA135.665.085.135.102.505.005.005.002.502.50n/an/a1.281.620.831.425.795.961.901.651.221.434.264.762.353.800.000.49

JamaicaLA144.604.696.866.772.502.505.005.005.005.000.000.002.401.574.774.137.727.934.285.400.870.976.887.733.086.020.882.28

MexicoLA152.133.757.477.655.007.507.505.002.502.500.150.201.682.074.114.448.488.643.954.151.722.036.417.255.546.521.825.51

NicaraguaLA165.735.284.925.050.002.502.502.502.502.500.010.011.512.030.551.695.064.963.092.821.291.314.004.233.513.420.432.01

ParaguayLA175.873.666.846.745.005.005.002.505.002.500.010.011.050.870.760.858.798.952.532.881.131.114.816.694.054.040.002.14

PeruLA187.213.986.766.850.005.005.002.502.502.500.060.060.500.551.571.878.208.434.564.823.063.215.265.624.675.950.492.22

UruguayLA193.782.458.138.215.005.005.007.505.005.000.020.020.570.674.675.269.609.665.465.283.233.847.797.625.297.271.826.52

VenezuelaLA205.625.127.347.232.502.505.002.507.502.500.050.040.560.514.104.328.668.852.112.143.233.126.867.355.676.110.712.82

Middle East and North AfricaMENA5.605.126.186.323.243.246.034.715.744.120.060.061.281.164.184.265.445.864.083.951.842.166.196.434.815.520.872.14

AlgeriaMENA15.564.775.696.050.002.505.002.505.005.00n/an/a0.600.482.402.554.274.944.053.851.351.634.944.302.332.940.010.23

BahrainMENA25.615.748.218.217.505.0010.0010.0010.007.50n/an/a1.601.266.074.987.818.066.505.602.382.868.138.356.657.672.073.93

DjiboutiMENA33.024.632.231.982.502.505.005.002.502.50n/an/an/an/a1.010.003.884.410.531.650.000.013.062.323.493.620.100.60

EgyptMENA45.875.424.765.160.000.002.505.002.502.500.210.250.490.474.374.302.742.905.054.822.284.305.125.742.824.170.150.30

IranMENA55.256.006.096.440.000.000.000.002.500.00n/an/a0.400.492.202.705.656.404.944.541.942.026.096.165.536.550.070.39

IsraelMENA66.673.669.129.267.507.507.507.507.505.000.220.211.842.2010.009.849.269.385.865.344.665.399.029.478.288.536.506.57

JordanMENA76.465.836.336.372.502.507.505.005.005.000.000.001.802.075.045.537.988.433.543.851.802.155.566.803.395.360.072.01

KuwaitMENA84.644.918.087.927.505.0010.007.507.505.000.000.000.991.146.566.486.987.244.023.792.172.128.177.806.847.553.633.55

LebanonMENA96.494.496.766.987.502.505.002.505.002.50n/an/an/an/a3.624.437.517.815.345.343.064.237.057.494.856.210.303.70

MoroccoMENA101.996.924.184.520.000.007.502.505.005.00n/an/a0.811.433.083.481.671.882.352.171.231.015.056.242.423.910.140.72

OmanMENA116.016.446.766.925.005.007.505.007.505.00n/an/a1.211.534.484.804.605.644.353.920.580.876.076.383.935.340.003.57

QatarMENA127.663.068.197.765.007.505.005.002.502.500.000.001.200.875.545.306.907.035.274.693.112.867.938.066.787.890.001.37

Saudi ArabiaMENA134.413.436.887.052.502.5010.005.007.505.00n/an/a0.780.665.205.085.866.423.733.851.782.136.316.716.086.380.022.20

SyriaMENA146.255.505.725.950.000.002.502.507.502.500.000.001.430.651.892.275.526.002.692.301.740.655.765.413.534.250.000.01

TunisiaMENA155.056.395.996.450.000.005.005.007.505.000.010.012.242.263.914.474.755.484.204.271.461.895.505.773.454.840.140.24

UAEMENA166.355.238.047.907.507.5010.007.507.507.50n/an/a2.95n/a5.445.465.976.135.124.631.231.458.439.236.627.841.586.90

YemenMENA177.994.702.102.530.005.002.502.505.002.500.010.000.840.760.270.701.091.511.792.490.451.143.063.02n/a0.860.000.05

AfricaAF5.945.782.672.591.432.144.764.053.333.100.020.060.510.582.112.183.944.301.691.650.390.412.222.922.182.710.231.08

AngolaAF17.805.351.551.310.000.002.502.500.000.00n/an/a0.040.240.010.221.370.600.500.610.050.061.431.481.170.260.000.01

BeninAF25.846.571.281.587.502.505.002.505.002.500.010.010.870.591.462.070.150.530.730.960.270.361.592.930.740.690.020.70

BotswanaAF36.016.535.004.032.505.007.507.505.005.00n/an/a0.060.154.124.155.946.434.064.530.580.374.936.724.095.630.302.62

CameroonAF45.396.343.063.060.000.005.002.502.502.50n/an/a0.230.352.462.655.496.271.440.870.370.561.502.841.552.000.000.28

Cote D'IvoireAF56.703.471.731.710.002.505.002.505.002.50n/an/a0.690.851.531.621.131.641.251.070.700.802.464.280.002.700.001.30

EritreaAF65.256.271.601.60n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a0.970.810.270.072.722.980.961.130.090.121.460.82n/a0.780.020.04

EthiopiaAF76.357.520.000.080.000.002.502.502.502.50n/an/a0.030.111.202.230.030.210.440.680.050.090.000.000.000.140.020.01

GhanaAF85.635.743.483.650.002.505.005.002.502.50n/an/a0.941.651.962.434.815.562.001.670.130.131.132.391.311.730.000.13

KenyaAF95.774.403.453.082.502.505.005.002.502.50n/an/a0.260.223.423.256.597.311.351.590.150.142.272.770.782.570.010.75

MadagascarAF104.846.992.132.370.000.002.505.005.005.000.000.000.410.59n/an/a4.394.700.720.610.220.240.001.520.001.230.000.16

MalawiAF1110.005.201.521.262.502.505.005.002.502.50n/an/a0.400.562.232.273.443.680.790.700.050.000.961.043.260.000.000.02

MauritaniaAF125.846.041.761.875.000.002.502.502.502.50n/an/a0.930.720.691.000.980.750.750.740.410.591.131.11n/a3.450.000.42

MauritiusAF135.877.227.027.262.502.507.507.507.505.000.000.001.101.062.591.597.387.574.004.170.670.786.977.875.917.240.004.01

MozambiqueAF145.738.060.080.000.005.002.502.502.502.50n/an/a0.240.270.360.620.851.130.120.160.020.040.911.550.991.830.000.01

NamibiaAF155.796.025.144.652.502.507.507.502.505.00n/an/a0.820.652.902.186.807.204.043.420.900.795.355.424.425.520.164.01

NigeriaAF165.125.742.242.260.000.005.002.502.502.500.010.010.650.952.062.163.514.381.891.540.460.431.130.542.982.870.000.07

SenegalAF176.056.551.471.760.002.507.505.002.502.500.000.001.050.992.982.910.000.000.760.840.350.382.594.343.554.460.021.31

South AfricaAF185.324.926.676.020.002.505.005.007.505.000.130.400.170.535.735.617.517.676.396.291.971.896.557.105.686.524.244.88

TanzaniaAF195.496.001.911.900.000.005.002.502.502.50n/an/a0.000.001.631.965.546.240.000.000.030.050.661.931.861.730.000.42

UgandaAF208.216.031.541.970.005.002.505.002.505.000.000.000.510.691.391.734.324.830.470.620.170.220.002.050.711.630.050.15

ZambiaAF213.406.281.991.795.005.005.005.002.502.50n/an/a0.150.332.181.846.016.581.501.290.260.272.532.063.512.920.160.86

ZimbabweAF224.310.004.093.690.002.505.000.002.502.50n/an/a0.600.443.133.247.748.282.952.750.720.723.183.622.363.780.131.54

KEI

7.096378006

6.8284487747

7.4482250804

8.213832424

6.8849902304

7.6241099484

7.4137037195

4.9176924376

3.2324325217

6.3824157397

4.8249644113

7.7026051851

1.9162162257

2.1876093045

4.7190430004

4.7328815036

3.8210638285

4.2814074396

4.6504604236

3.6332223204

2.098183848

1995

Most Recent

Knowledge Economy Index

UK

Singapore

Oceania

Finland

G7

USA

Germany

W. Europe

Malaysia

EAP

ECA

Russia

Mexico

Korea

LAC

Brazil

MNA

China

SA

India

AFR

EIR

7.5

7.5

8.3333333333

8.3333333333

7.5595238095

8.3333333333

8.3333333333

5.3787878788

1.6666666667

6.6666666667

4.1666666667

10

2.6666666667

2.5

4.4318181818

2.5

4.25

4.1666666667

5

4.0196078431

3.0952380952

1995

Most Recent

Economic Incentive Regime

UK

G7

Germany

USA

Oceania

MNA

ECA

LAC

Brazil

EAP

Mexico

Singapore

W. Europe

Finland

Korea

Malaysia

Russia

AFR

SA

India

China

INN

4.5410425196

4.3194378607

4.1069289788

6.6505701521

3.7372775021

3.9625611506

3.5332645004

3.2500628868

3.4004486137

3.3262539998

3.5425880389

6.107617155

1.1065265484

1.7240106845

2.715652522

4.3288872741

1.4071949769

1.807625015

2.2367956927

1.8273287576

0.9405587294

1995

Most Recent

Innovation

W. Europe

Oceania

Malaysia

Korea

EAP

China

Finland

UK

Germany

Russia

G7

Singapore

USA

MNA

India

Brazil

ECA

Mexico

LAC

SA

AFR

EDU

7.7208768002

7.0076919314

8.7044271221

8.132987852

7.5179373812

8.8771921385

8.7193747278

5.3455037964

3.9251926446

7.7825414638

5.0763087048

5.8574296285

2.0949101847

2.2413407189

6.0802439633

6.5051833018

4.5923441182

4.7035652374

4.9372174087

3.9895717968

2.1184953795

1995

Most Recent

Education

Finland

Oceania

UK

G7

Korea

W.Europe

USA

Germany

Russia

ECA

Singapore

Mexico

Brazil

LAC

EAP

Malaysia

China

MNA

SA

AFR

India

ICT

8.623592704

8.4866653067

8.6482108872

9.7384383584

8.7252222289

9.3233531712

9.0688423164

5.6964151885

3.9374221621

7.7542008285

6.5142942347

8.8453739571

1.7967615032

2.2850858144

5.6484573344

5.5974554385

5.0347162188

6.4477728392

6.4278285929

4.6963808839

2.2384431877

1995

Most Recent

Information Communications Technology

EAP

ECA

Russia

UK

G7

Singapore

W. Europe

Germany

Oceania

Finland

USA

Mexico

Brazil

Malaysia

Korea

LAC

MNA

India

AFR

China

SA

Data for 45

CountriesKnowledge Economy IndexEcon. Incentive RegimeInnovationEducationInformation InfrastructureKnowledge IndexAverage Annual GDP growth (%)Human Development Index

1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent

G77.207.108.217.504.544.547.887.728.188.626.876.965.044.549.759.80

Germany7.056.838.337.504.234.327.417.018.248.496.636.604.844.629.609.73

UK7.507.459.178.334.124.118.238.708.488.656.947.155.224.919.749.77

USA8.268.218.338.336.666.658.588.139.489.748.248.175.194.449.899.95

Western Europe6.686.887.327.563.563.747.557.528.318.736.476.665.304.959.589.70

Finland7.177.626.678.333.793.968.618.889.629.327.347.395.564.229.629.81

Developed Oceania7.297.417.928.333.503.538.748.729.009.077.087.115.664.869.729.77

East Asia4.444.925.385.382.793.255.015.354.575.704.124.766.934.887.027.24

China2.683.231.671.672.803.404.003.932.253.943.023.757.867.275.986.52

Korea5.936.386.676.672.923.337.417.786.737.755.696.297.315.308.729.03

Malaysia4.844.826.674.173.213.544.265.085.216.514.235.047.624.077.247.42

Singapore7.547.7010.0010.006.116.115.765.868.318.856.736.947.012.968.809.08

South Asia1.791.922.832.671.041.111.982.091.291.801.441.676.025.873.513.79

India1.992.192.502.501.671.722.292.241.492.291.822.086.905.973.804.11

Europe and Central Asia4.344.724.324.432.482.726.106.084.475.654.354.814.466.127.247.32

Russia5.284.735.002.504.734.336.826.514.575.605.375.482.856.207.557.40

Latin America3.323.823.834.251.261.414.404.593.805.033.153.685.434.476.636.67

Brazil3.354.283.334.171.721.814.174.704.186.453.364.325.704.596.887.02

Mexico4.074.655.005.001.982.244.724.944.596.433.764.532.133.757.477.65

Middle East and North Africa3.653.635.004.021.841.833.783.993.964.703.193.505.605.126.186.32

Africa1.902.103.173.100.880.942.012.121.542.241.481.775.945.782.672.59

Composite Indicator

CountriesKnowledge Economy IndexEcon. Incentive RegimeInnovationEducationInformation InfrastructureKnowledge IndexEcon. Incentive RegimeInnovationEducationInformation InfrastructureAverage Annual GDP growth (%)Human Development IndexBar Chart Data

Variables available from 3Variables available from 3Variables available from 3Variables available from 3Knowledge Economy IndexEcon. Incentive RegimeInnovationEducationInformation InfrastructureKnowledge IndexKnowledge Economy IndexEcon. Incentive RegimeInnovationEducationInformation InfrastructureKnowledge Index

chart1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recent1995most recentCountry Namemost recentmost recentmost recentmost recentmost recentmost recent199519951995199519951995

G77.207.108.217.504.544.547.887.728.188.626.876.96333333335.044.549.759.80Armenia4.345.832.275.493.753.843.774.172.205.523.203.64

Canada7.577.538.338.334.034.159.028.798.898.867.327.27333333335.194.5710.009.97Kyrgyz Rep.3.332.501.016.023.783.602.922.500.805.373.003.06

France6.706.567.506.673.833.987.777.477.728.106.446.52333333335.194.839.719.77Russia4.732.504.336.515.605.485.285.004.736.824.575.37

Germany7.056.838.337.504.234.327.417.018.248.496.636.60333333334.844.629.609.73Sweden7.487.504.179.009.267.477.046.674.048.209.267.17

Italy6.206.227.506.673.393.456.946.926.967.835.766.06333333335.254.719.449.53Estonia6.898.334.127.187.946.416.328.333.017.056.885.65

Japan7.146.888.336.675.505.127.237.027.508.706.756.95333333334.773.699.869.85Moldova4.114.172.205.904.154.093.402.502.195.992.923.70

UK7.507.459.178.334.124.118.238.708.488.656.947.15333333335.224.919.749.77

USA8.268.218.338.336.666.658.588.139.489.748.248.17333333335.194.449.899.95chartchartchartchartchartchart

Western Europe6.686.887.327.563.563.747.557.528.318.736.476.66333333335.304.959.589.70=1=2=3=4=5=6

Austria6.676.717.507.503.483.757.477.118.218.506.396.45333333334.814.379.639.74

Belgium7.087.297.507.504.204.598.808.547.808.536.947.22333333335.144.349.929.95

Denmark7.227.328.338.333.723.827.897.958.939.196.846.98333333335.224.319.609.74

Finland7.177.626.678.333.793.968.618.889.629.327.347.39333333335.564.229.629.81

Greece5.635.776.675.832.772.886.886.966.197.415.285.75333333334.985.798.979.08

Iceland6.797.047.508.333.313.337.007.079.339.436.556.61333333334.305.289.789.90

Ireland6.897.118.338.333.924.347.457.227.848.576.406.71333333337.596.979.399.73

Luxemburg6.786.878.338.334.634.605.565.648.598.906.266.38332233335.566.259.689.73

Netherlands7.347.228.337.504.114.368.267.708.669.337.017.13333333335.054.389.849.89

Norway6.917.086.677.503.473.488.178.229.329.136.996.94333333335.564.549.8910.00

Portugal5.686.066.676.672.682.926.806.886.567.805.355.86333333335.244.788.779.00

Spain6.066.336.676.673.153.397.767.576.687.695.866.22333333335.195.169.419.53

Sweden47.047.486.677.504.044.178.209.009.269.267.177.47333333335.534.459.899.98

Switzerland6.716.846.677.504.024.206.806.529.349.116.726.61333333334.434.499.719.77

Developed Oceania7.297.417.928.333.503.538.748.729.009.077.087.11333333335.664.869.729.77

Australia7.387.647.508.333.553.589.359.499.129.177.347.41333333335.755.009.929.95

New Zealand7.197.188.338.333.443.498.127.958.888.976.826.80333333335.564.729.529.60

East Asia4.444.925.385.382.793.255.015.354.575.704.124.76333333336.934.887.027.24

China2.683.231.671.672.803.404.003.932.253.943.023.75333333337.867.275.986.52

Hongkong8.058.3110.0010.008.888.945.475.427.878.877.417.74332233335.604.359.129.13

Indonesia2.352.802.503.330.570.824.043.962.273.082.292.62333333337.075.425.715.84

Korea5.936.386.676.672.923.337.417.786.737.755.696.29333333337.315.308.729.03

Malaysia4.844.826.674.173.213.544.265.085.216.514.235.04333333337.624.077.247.42

Mongolia2.973.974.175.831.011.474.325.262.373.332.573.35333233336.424.545.265.37

Philippines3.033.952.504.170.891.725.845.652.894.253.213.87333333335.875.466.816.97

Singapore7.547.7010.0010.006.116.115.765.868.318.856.736.94333333337.012.968.809.08

Taiwan6.857.008.336.675.245.58n/an/a6.988.756.117.16332200336.462.96n/an/a

Thailand4.294.886.676.671.612.064.955.973.934.823.504.28333333337.454.727.077.10

Vietnam1.521.950.000.000.590.744.074.551.402.512.022.60332233337.526.665.465.90

South Asia1.791.922.832.671.041.111.982.091.291.801.441.67333333336.025.873.513.79

Bangladesh0.590.820.830.830.580.650.791.260.150.530.510.81333333235.946.282.202.52

India1.992.192.502.501.671.722.292.241.492.291.822.08333333336.905.973.804.11

Nepal1.781.584.172.501.011.251.121.240.831.330.991.27332233335.466.602.322.71

Pakistan1.791.623.332.500.800.811.021.262.021.911.281.33333333335.675.462.642.85

Sri Lanka2.713.453.335.001.341.394.684.481.482.932.502.93333333336.155.056.596.76

Europe and Central Asia4.344.724.324.432.482.726.106.084.475.654.354.81333333334.466.127.247.32

Albania2.722.684.172.501.711.563.583.621.403.052.232.74332233337.316.896.316.63

Armenia13.774.344.175.832.202.275.525.493.203.753.643.84333333336.638.336.526.97

Belarus4.393.994.172.502.652.436.996.703.754.344.464.49333333220.695.797.507.52

Bulgaria4.614.694.173.333.103.056.446.344.756.054.765.15333333335.255.977.537.37

Czech Republic6.396.079.176.673.503.976.315.986.567.675.465.88333333336.325.518.578.50

Estonia56.326.898.338.333.014.127.057.186.887.945.656.41333333335.735.83n/a8.13

Georgia4.414.803.334.174.574.766.446.153.304.144.775.02331133225.155.977.286.87

Hungary5.376.155.836.673.084.036.376.526.217.395.225.98333333334.775.658.038.27

Kazakhstan3.323.661.672.501.762.206.415.813.434.133.874.05332233221.4410.007.006.90

Kyrgyz Rep.22.923.332.502.500.801.015.376.023.003.783.063.60333333222.406.356.386.29

Latvia4.395.674.175.832.252.696.236.954.927.204.465.61333333333.987.387.297.71

Lithuania4.195.654.176.672.212.586.246.634.166.734.205.31333333335.395.657.587.84

Moldova63.404.112.504.172.192.205.995.902.924.153.704.09333333333.786.706.356.11

Poland4.785.624.176.672.782.966.825.915.336.934.985.27333333336.664.448.018.24

Romania4.224.255.003.332.122.465.615.724.165.503.964.56333333336.706.347.447.31

Russia35.284.735.002.504.734.336.826.514.575.605.375.48333333332.856.207.557.40

Slovakia5.715.807.505.833.503.746.136.275.717.365.115.79333333336.565.418.168.27

Slovenia5.206.043.335.003.603.856.637.287.238.035.826.39333333335.675.288.728.98

Tajikistan2.823.201.673.331.271.305.825.602.542.583.213.16332233220.006.205.795.56

Turkey4.574.347.505.001.892.174.394.434.495.763.594.12333333336.720.936.556.77

Ukraine4.054.531.673.333.723.316.956.733.874.744.854.93332233330.078.107.006.87

Uzbekistan2.972.780.830.832.031.996.126.042.902.263.683.43332233223.955.746.516.53

Latin America3.323.823.834.251.261.414.404.593.805.033.153.68333333335.434.476.636.67

Argentina4.714.885.834.172.012.196.166.684.846.494.345.12333333333.262.188.378.42

Barbados4.695.693.336.673.843.846.426.495.185.745.155.36332233334.775.809.638.85

Bolivia3.123.325.004.170.870.994.174.232.423.902.493.04333333335.874.365.165.34

Brazil3.354.283.334.171.721.814.174.704.186.453.364.32333333335.704.596.887.02

Chile4.985.856.678.332.212.285.656.055.386.764.415.03333333337.905.238.068.21

Colombia3.713.885.004.170.891.104.765.024.215.213.283.78333333336.044.617.087.26

Costa Rica4.224.884.175.831.832.205.235.245.636.234.234.56333333336.184.317.968.03

Dom.Rep2.423.411.672.500.510.814.364.603.165.722.683.71331133224.955.146.256.53

Ecuador3.113.103.332.500.931.164.584.603.604.133.043.30333333335.056.316.596.61

El Salvador2.663.774.176.670.260.513.543.952.703.952.162.80333333236.464.815.996.19

Guatemala1.962.662.503.330.650.722.412.572.304.031.792.44333333335.954.864.824.98

Haiti0.601.110.001.670.030.361.181.211.171.190.790.92331133225.783.142.392.40

Honduras2.392.933.334.171.061.522.973.012.203.022.082.52332233335.665.085.135.10

Jamaica3.614.054.174.172.391.904.294.773.615.343.434.00333333334.604.696.866.77

Mexico4.074.655.005.001.982.244.724.944.596.433.764.53333333332.133.757.477.65

Nicaragua2.042.501.672.500.691.243.143.032.653.222.162.50333333335.735.284.925.05

Paraguay3.183.135.003.330.610.584.154.312.964.292.573.06333333335.873.666.846.74

Peru2.993.562.503.330.710.835.275.493.474.603.153.64333333337.213.986.766.85

Uruguay4.455.305.005.831.751.986.106.264.977.134.275.13333333333.782.458.138.21

Venezuela3.913.565.002.501.571.634.674.704.415.433.553.92333333335.625.127.347.23

Middle East and North Africa3.653.635.004.021.841.833.783.993.964.703.193.50333333335.605.126.186.32

Algeria2.622.703.333.331.501.513.223.472.432.492.382.49332233335.564.775.696.05

Bahrain6.055.699.177.503.843.125.565.505.626.655.015.09332233335.615.748.218.21

Djibouti2.011.883.333.331.010.001.472.022.222.181.571.40331133333.024.632.231.98

Egypt2.352.901.672.501.691.683.354.012.703.402.583.03333333335.875.424.765.16

Iran2.552.570.830.001.301.604.184.323.904.363.123.43332233335.256.006.096.44

Israel6.516.417.506.674.024.086.596.707.938.196.186.33333333336.673.669.129.26

Jordan3.684.065.004.172.282.534.444.813.014.723.244.02333333336.465.836.336.37

Kuwait5.364.778.335.832.522.544.394.396.216.304.374.41333333334.644.918.087.92

Lebanon4.714.635.832.503.624.435.305.794.075.804.335.34331133336.494.496.766.98

Morocco2.602.574.172.501.952.461.751.692.543.622.082.59332233331.996.924.184.52

Oman4.014.186.675.002.853.173.183.483.345.103.123.91332233336.016.446.766.92

Qatar4.104.424.175.002.252.065.104.864.915.784.084.23333333337.663.068.197.76

Saudi Arabia4.404.076.674.172.992.873.794.134.145.103.644.03332233334.413.436.887.05

Syria2.712.213.331.671.110.983.322.983.103.222.512.39333333336.255.505.725.95

Tunisia3.183.274.173.332.052.253.473.883.033.622.853.25333333335.056.395.996.45

UAE5.546.258.337.504.195.464.114.075.547.994.615.84332133336.355.238.047.90

Yemen1.381.712.503.330.370.491.111.711.531.311.001.17333333237.994.702.102.53

Africa1.902.103.173.100.880.942.012.121.542.241.481.77333333335.945.782.672.59

Angola0.590.520.830.830.030.230.640.430.870.590.510.41332233337.805.351.551.31

Benin1.941.365.832.500.780.890.380.620.781.440.650.98333333335.846.571.281.58

Botswana3.434.195.005.832.092.153.533.783.114.992.913.64332233336.016.535.004.03

Cameroon1.821.862.501.671.341.502.432.571.021.711.601.92332233335.396.343.063.06

Cote D'Ivoire1.571.923.332.501.111.241.031.170.822.760.991.72332233336.703.471.731.71

Eritrea0.870.80n/an/a0.620.441.261.410.740.550.870.80002233235.256.271.601.60

Ethiopia0.620.801.671.670.621.170.170.330.010.050.270.52332233336.357.520.000.08

Ghana1.772.312.503.331.452.042.312.450.821.421.531.97332233335.635.743.483.65

Kenya2.222.533.333.331.841.732.703.011.022.031.852.26332233335.774.403.453.08

Madagascar1.121.612.503.330.210.291.781.850.000.970.661.04332233334.846.992.132.37

Malawi1.871.643.333.331.311.421.421.461.410.351.381.083322333310.005.201.521.26

Mauritania1.361.223.331.670.810.860.710.690.571.660.701.07332233235.846.041.761.87

Mauritius3.844.115.835.001.230.884.024.174.296.373.183.81333333335.877.227.027.26

Mozambique0.731.341.673.330.300.440.330.440.641.130.420.67332233335.738.060.080.00

Namibia3.313.804.175.001.861.413.913.803.314.983.033.40332233335.796.025.144.65

Nigeria1.681.502.501.670.911.041.962.111.371.161.411.44333333335.125.742.242.26

Senegal1.782.103.333.331.341.300.370.412.053.371.261.69333333336.056.551.471.76

South Africa4.244.454.174.172.012.185.295.285.496.174.264.54333333335.324.926.676.02

Tanzania1.501.532.501.670.820.981.852.100.841.361.171.48332233335.496.001.911.90

Uganda1.052.241.675.000.630.811.651.890.251.280.851.33333333338.216.031.541.97

Zambia2.502.484.174.171.171.082.592.722.071.951.941.92332233333.406.281.991.79

Zimbabwe2.512.602.501.671.871.843.803.921.892.982.522.91332233334.310.004.093.69

KAM 2002 Scorecard

Russia

Scorecard

=1

Russia1995Most Recent Data

GDP growth (%)2.85027472536.2037037037

Human Development Index7.54807692317.4032258065

Tariff & nontariff barriers2.52.5

Property Rights52.5

Regulation7.52.5

Researchers in R&D6.77987661945.4127819719

Manuf. Trade as % of GDP0.43976112730.6636295473

[ln] Scientific and technical journal articles per million people6.96697489726.9102503031

Adult literacy rate (% age 15 and above)9.91071428579.9351701783

Secondary Enrollment5.79056303285.0809061489

Tertiary enrollment4.77049554694.4994735783

[ln] Telephone per 1000 (mainlines + mobile)7.26018559826.8576854834

[ln] Computers per 1,000 persons4.93508421026.0120450648

[ln] Internet hosts per 10,000 people1.50257281643.9226357673

KAM 2002 Scorecard

6.2037037037

7.4032258065

2.5

2.5

2.5

5.4127819719

0.6636295473

6.9102503031

9.9351701783

5.0809061489

4.4994735783

6.8576854834

6.0120450648

3.9226357673

Most Recent Data

Time Capture Scorecard

Russia

Scorecard

=1

Russia1995Most Recent Data

GDP growth (%)2.85027472536.2037037037

Human Development Index7.54807692317.4032258065

Tariff & nontariff barriers2.52.5

Property Rights52.5

Regulation7.52.5

Researchers in R&D6.77987661945.4127819719

Manuf. Trade as % of GDP0.43976112730.6636295473

[ln] Scientific and technical journal articles per million people6.96697489726.9102503031

Adult literacy rate (% age 15 and above)9.91071428579.9351701783

Secondary Enrollment5.79056303285.0809061489

Tertiary enrollment4.77049554694.4994735783

[ln] Telephone per 1000 (mainlines + mobile)7.26018559826.8576854834

[ln] Computers per 1,000 persons4.93508421026.0120450648

[ln] Internet hosts per 10,000 people1.50257281643.9226357673

Time Capture Scorecard

2.85027472536.2037037037

7.54807692317.4032258065

2.52.5

52.5

7.52.5

6.77987661945.4127819719

0.43976112730.6636295473

6.96697489726.9102503031

9.91071428579.9351701783

5.79056303285.0809061489

4.77049554694.4994735783

7.26018559826.8576854834

4.93508421026.0120450648

1.50257281643.9226357673

1995

Most Recent Data

Bar Chart

Bar Chart

4.3365106793.7709351563

3.32872785282.9184666218

4.73288150365.2796856778

7.48043371927.0428280868

6.892832136.3178462925

4.10541697753.4014054737

most recent

1995

Knowledge Economy Index

Country Bar Chart

3.83756979423.6390246528

3.60497047043.0579554957

5.47717533815.3729142371

7.47391162567.1682152269

6.41266506225.646017279

4.08500041443.7018739649

most recent

1995

Knowledge Index

Diamond Chart

ArmeniaKyrgyz Rep.

RussiaSweden

EstoniaMoldova

Diamond Chart

4.3365106793.7709351563

5.83333333334.1666666667

2.26997440892.1963458428

5.49212573155.5248859906

3.75060924223.195842125

3.83756979423.6390246528

most recent

1995

Regional Bar Chart

3.32872785282.9184666218

2.52.5

1.01046445580.8043330254

6.02026848355.365174989

3.78417847193.0043584726

3.60497047043.0579554957

most recent

1995

Data for Regional Bar Chart

4.73288150365.2796856778

2.55

4.32888727414.7288708813

6.50518330186.8239242885

5.59745543854.5659475416

5.47717533815.3729142371

most recent

1995

7.48043371927.0428280868

7.56.6666666667

4.16528613954.0446469424

8.99787980178.2034561685

9.25856893579.2565425698

7.47391162567.1682152269

most recent

1995

6.892832136.3178462925

8.33333333338.3333333333

4.11960679553.0093535184

7.17829858747.0468674133

7.94008980366.8818309051

6.41266506225.646017279

most recent

1995

4.10541697753.4014054737

4.16666666672.5

2.20045005432.189749619

5.90141717525.9917670612

4.15313401372.9241052145

4.08500041443.7018739649

most recent

1995

ArmeniaKyrgyz Rep.

RussiaSweden

EstoniaMoldova

5.83333333334.1666666667

2.26997440892.1963458428

5.49212573155.5248859906

3.75060924223.195842125

most recent

1995

2.52.5

1.01046445580.8043330254

6.02026848355.365174989

3.78417847193.0043584726

most recent

1995

2.55

4.32888727414.7288708813

6.50518330186.8239242885

5.59745543854.5659475416

most recent

1995

7.56.6666666667

4.16528613954.0446469424

8.99787980178.2034561685

9.25856893579.2565425698

most recent

1995

8.33333333338.3333333333

4.11960679553.0093535184

7.17829858747.0468674133

7.94008980366.8818309051

most recent

1995

4.16666666672.5

2.20045005432.189749619

5.90141717525.9917670612

4.15313401372.9241052145

most recent

1995

6.19766911146.1945452277

6.70633632286.5405377034

7.055618736.8127799461

7.14332417516.8607036363

7.50092336827.4282220712

7.57258354557.5305734495

8.26684048978.2350762442

1995

most recent

Knowledge Economy Index - G7

5.62716207225.7435565701

5.68258700966.0498611646

6.064562556.32244854

6.66987036756.7018411027

6.65232272226.8163241972

6.59805749596.8260847998

6.89315241216.9087469093

6.78820843157.0175484

6.90925316247.0564044264

7.34322765537.2113059497

7.08422840197.2836195475

7.21865248317.302854009

7.04497720647.4616100136

7.17514710537.6101192541

1995

most recent

Knowledge Economy Index - Western Europe

5.76355881526.0371714147

6.44178176386.4984947157

6.62971386226.5837065949

6.74665445566.9253826262

6.94567560217.1265183172

7.31900028297.2629868216

8.24467620858.2023238811

1995

most recent

Knowledge Index - G7

5.28066054075.7136309823

5.35456045725.8442593306

5.86386117786.2077091644

6.01963221686.323668622

6.4130921056.4338847679

6.393160496.4357881369

6.55094457536.5789534223

6.64754140746.588432263

6.99011532776.9085392352

6.84709219976.9593609009

7.01319242927.1150745995

6.94563786927.21149273

7.34464058497.3690478943

7.17108071967.4488133515

1995

most recent

Knowledge Index - Western Europe

7.19640283737.1556652061

7.3820036957.4930507194

1995

most recent

Knowledge Economy Index - Developed Oceania

6.81742600536.7631091637

7.34267159347.2129565148

1995

most recent

Knowledge Index - Developed Oceania

1.54955800051.9539123976

2.34113045372.8688594268

2.6826031313.2670524967

3.01057647313.990513121

2.977059534.0571218875

4.85278263524.8392220645

4.30079074754.9202643242

6.85041323346.1505651007

5.94289458046.342373885

7.56451714797.6701664623

8.07727146848.3177722868

1995

most recent

Knowledge Economy Index - East Asia

2.0660773342.6052165301

2.28817393832.7140347912

2.58052381783.4650514056

3.02124861913.8005144401

3.18076863083.9317952725

3.51216544114.33813021

4.24815462475.0634071971

6.10895318345.8925143177

5.70163721836.2342762912

6.75268953056.8935552831

7.43636195797.7570297157

1995

most recent

Knowledge Index - East Asia

0.59170997241.0160827775

1.79171526521.7076972045

1.79933389551.7431031131

1.98702842952.2936666806

2.71414844763.5314444805

1995

most recent

Knowledge Economy Index - South Asia

0.51116885211.0769992589

1.0000647981.4435962727

1.28800074951.4908041509

1.8160379062.2248889075

2.50775348563.041925974

1995

most recent

Knowledge Index - South Asia

2.98839468322.6776468507

2.84927400912.6882056439

2.74687288912.7238369717

2.92060528613.0690546092

3.29064107823.4181805677

4.37977339663.6514377201

4.57263377714.1420486922

3.40164090874.1549689372

4.22507286754.2621110687

3.93323878534.4049218444

4.44959248924.4999337279

4.07333834244.5954259555

4.6137581654.7098216203

5.256309664.9273324173

4.19297413415.661591591

4.39000250635.6744088436

4.67935056815.7020679737

5.71234363835.8066178197

5.20559519776.0305706713

6.39053710296.0731024502

5.37429575086.1596543869

6.27669353676.9065496362

1995

most recent

Knowledge Economy Index - Europe and Central Asia

3.24347645662.4731630807

2.27360829662.7984492956

3.06080704823.2587394789

3.70674846653.2924180231

3.83196588213.724240757

3.59684503623.856064923

3.85542949153.9287846814

4.45080897324.0352502935

3.70218787834.151069694

3.96676382334.5717036471

4.82167887464.6110227483

4.87556223435.0161234962

4.76278866445.1686510492

4.20174328995.3265665658

4.85024520195.380535076

4.46444778625.6214340137

5.34174621335.736443223

5.11645818455.7977126484

5.46516058165.8752477114

5.22128322325.9906502936

5.82968248586.3740942284

5.59114693786.4309550705

1995

most recent

Knowledge Index - Europe and Central Asia

0.6652104731.1005190787

1.97327768752.7107123303

2.45577543912.9407116291

1.9354873692.96350928

3.06154262782.9798037065

2.38040682932.9814435876

3.04540890393.1587464398

3.91981581843.58146758

2.95983282533.6013725706

3.38810912783.6135223644

3.72378909213.9112845904

3.6189298284.0590088143

2.66237117424.0718155758

3.35368441574.2981922596

4.08028748354.7707256392

4.80555318134.8513731935

4.02081203994.9012399939

4.69750453055.0563136606

4.46869195045.3168206475

4.98155470995.8624597192

1995

most recent

Knowledge Economy Index - Latin America

0.88694729740.9118032161

1.79770358342.5031719959

2.06276466132.5863692279

2.71881169653.0876155054

2.39387853853.1005508086

2.02509426983.1180123734

2.97094572593.1397382753

2.16093934333.2068652121

2.85081217033.4291409303

3.11311043373.690718983

3.29838545613.8261572316

3.55975442453.9419567733

3.43635088174.0231228634

3.36046810984.3420341239

5.15222826294.5195293253

3.9721938314.5905422141

3.77371664474.6943008523

4.41985072435.0388351811

4.46295979735.0796087024

4.29158926725.1446497522

1995

most recent

Knowledge Index - Latin America

1.40450975841.8593472375

2.72298622552.3801344162

2.59184474682.5876749032

2.55692166362.6228324045

2.06962642862.6680091622

2.62547629442.7570025007

2.3390177582.9288522757

3.14719708363.3281071548

4.11108692734.0076132092

4.39660432074.0655699224

3.67848777174.1434063155

4.00872148414.2085820669

4.7600452784.6541701657

5.3785591774.7715034762

6.04915114335.1793523447

5.55237185266.2483680216

6.50817665426.4046285987

1995

most recent

Knowledge Economy Index - Middle East and North Africa

1.03934634451.3680185388

1.64839079372.3353470766

2.3895239482.5648922232

2.06690410682.6168998709

2.51953718962.6179569994

2.56313478853.0718030342

2.80737388923.3263650953

3.1314511073.4971098727

4.09256034753.6768176123

3.12273975663.9447760892

3.6399168724.0318710076

3.23798369564.1356528651

5.00997930224.4058031262

4.39363445824.4175601904

4.40228259295.3722268876

4.62538469235.8311573621

6.17756887236.317282576

1995

most recent

Knowledge Index - Middle East and North Africa

0.62030463340.7122186292

0.84329250831.2505749348

0.82289569851.2987336967

1.36404561671.4673756431

1.94782524151.5174354893

0.80724316071.5270129602

1.69058833681.6604424734

1.43223480811.7207160065

1.08934933261.7648912353

1.5775992841.8681997432

1.71185708281.9100989389

1.85344007911.9611033077

1.78327988752.1817520743

1.05099102212.3927818509

1.77553111532.4312750435

2.32917631872.7054308364

2.62931597072.7923913288

2.6209595772.8000139154

3.97629131294.2276362226

4.30374518584.5242923321

3.98675172234.6689668653

3.63028596624.7194597794

1995

most recent

Knowledge Economy Index - Africa

0.54929506680.6718470611

0.52076865870.9249061691

0.54163870911.1760893734

0.65265587751.1899139858

0.61913244351.2420772027

0.84329250831.2505749348

0.70761637781.4009453019

1.17136499931.4356874741

0.84576580731.5237091345

0.99235460091.6575996576

1.42078444911.6583677423

1.07631307741.7387324531

1.26659540551.7978916546

1.63792010552.0592488548

1.53404148712.1305889469

2.10572388052.3444629983

1.99445731382.4961300041

2.67242129433.1676328828

3.35727730613.9701816302

3.64900229654.2808447093

3.45149239944.5791896691

4.34943802554.6435008873

1995

most recent

Knowledge Economy Index - Africa

CountriesKnowledge Economy IndexCountriesKnowledge Index

1995most recent1995most recent

Italy6.206.19Italy5.766.04

France6.716.54France6.446.50

Germany7.066.81Germany6.636.58

Japan7.146.86Japan6.756.93

UK7.507.43UK6.957.13

Canada7.577.53Canada7.327.26

USA8.278.24USA8.248.20

Greece5.635.74Greece5.285.71

Portugal5.686.05Portugal5.355.84

Spain6.066.32Spain5.866.21

Austria6.676.70Luxemburg6.026.32

Switzerland6.656.82Ireland6.416.43

Luxemburg6.606.83Austria6.396.44

Ireland6.896.91Iceland6.556.58

Iceland6.797.02Switzerland6.656.59

Norway6.917.06Norway6.996.91

Netherlands7.347.21Denmark6.856.96

Belgium7.087.28Netherlands7.017.12

Denmark7.227.30Belgium6.957.21

Sweden7.047.46Finland7.347.37

Finland7.187.61Sweden7.177.45

New Zealand7.207.16New Zealand6.826.76

Australia7.387.49Australia7.347.21

Vietnam1.551.95Vietnam2.072.61

Indonesia2.342.87Indonesia2.292.71

China2.683.27Mongolia2.583.47

Philippines3.013.99China3.023.80

Mongolia2.984.06Philippines3.183.93

Malaysia4.854.84Thailand3.514.34

Thailand4.304.92Malaysia4.255.06

Taiwan6.856.15Taiwan6.115.89

Korea5.946.34Korea5.706.23

Singapore7.567.67Singapore6.756.89

Hongkong8.088.32Hongkong7.447.76

Bangladesh0.591.02Bangladesh0.511.08

Nepal1.791.71Nepal1.001.44

Pakistan1.801.74Pakistan1.291.49

India1.992.29India1.822.22

Sri Lanka2.713.53Sri Lanka2.513.04

Uzbekistan2.992.68Tajikistan3.242.47

Tajikistan2.852.69Albania2.272.80

Albania2.752.72Kyrgyz Rep.3.063.26

Kyrgyz Rep.2.923.07Uzbekistan3.713.29

Kazakhstan3.293.42Kazakhstan3.833.72

Belarus4.383.65Turkey3.603.86

Turkey4.574.14Armenia3.863.93

Moldova3.404.15Belarus4.454.04

Romania4.234.26Moldova3.704.15

Armenia3.934.40Romania3.974.57

Georgia4.454.50Georgia4.824.61

Ukraine4.074.60Ukraine4.885.02

Bulgaria4.614.71Bulgaria4.765.17

Russia5.264.93Lithuania4.205.33

Lithuania4.195.66Poland4.855.38

Latvia4.395.67Latvia4.465.62

Poland4.685.70Russia5.345.74

Slovakia5.715.81Slovakia5.125.80

Slovenia5.216.03Czech Republic5.475.88

Czech Republic6.396.07Hungary5.225.99

Hungary5.376.16Slovenia5.836.37

Estonia6.286.91Estonia5.596.43

Haiti0.671.10Haiti0.890.91

Guatemala1.972.71Guatemala1.802.50

Dom.Rep2.462.94Honduras2.062.59

Nicaragua1.942.96Dom.Rep2.723.09

Ecuador3.062.98Paraguay2.393.10

Honduras2.382.98Nicaragua2.033.12

Paraguay3.053.16Ecuador2.973.14

Venezuela3.923.58El Salvador2.163.21

Peru2.963.60Bolivia2.853.43

Bolivia3.393.61Peru3.113.69

Colombia3.723.91Colombia3.303.83

Jamaica3.624.06Venezuela3.563.94

El Salvador2.664.07Jamaica3.444.02

Brazil3.354.30Brazil3.364.34

Mexico4.084.77Barbados5.154.52

Argentina4.814.85Costa Rica3.974.59

Costa Rica4.024.90Mexico3.774.69

Barbados4.705.06Chile4.425.04

Uruguay4.475.32Argentina4.465.08

Chile4.985.86Uruguay4.295.14

Yemen1.401.86Yemen1.041.37

Syria2.722.38Djibouti1.652.34

Morocco2.592.59Algeria2.392.56

Iran2.562.62Morocco2.072.62

Djibouti2.072.67Syria2.522.62

Algeria2.632.76Egypt2.563.07

Egypt2.342.93Tunisia2.813.33

Tunisia3.153.33Iran3.133.50

Qatar4.114.01Qatar4.093.68

Saudi Arabia4.404.07Oman3.123.94

Jordan3.684.14Saudi Arabia3.644.03

Oman4.014.21Jordan3.244.14

Lebanon4.764.65Bahrain5.014.41

Kuwait5.384.77Kuwait4.394.42

Bahrain6.055.18Lebanon4.405.37

UAE5.556.25UAE4.635.83

Israel6.516.40Israel6.186.32

Angola0.620.71Angola0.550.67

Eritrea0.841.25Mozambique0.520.92

Ethiopia0.821.30Ethiopia0.541.18

Mauritania1.361.47Benin0.651.19

Benin1.951.52Madagascar0.621.24

Mozambique0.811.53Eritrea0.841.25

Nigeria1.691.66Mauritania0.711.40

Tanzania1.431.72Malawi1.171.44

Madagascar1.091.76Uganda0.851.52

Cote D'Ivoire1.581.87Cote D'Ivoire0.991.66

Malawi1.711.91Nigeria1.421.66

Cameroon1.851.96Tanzania1.081.74

Senegal1.782.18Senegal1.271.80

Uganda1.052.39Cameroon1.642.06

Ghana1.782.43Ghana1.532.13

Kenya2.332.71Zambia2.112.34

Zimbabwe2.632.79Kenya1.992.50

Zambia2.622.80Zimbabwe2.673.17

Mauritius3.984.23Mauritius3.363.97

South Africa4.304.52Botswana3.654.28

Botswana3.994.67Namibia3.454.58

Namibia3.634.72South Africa4.354.64

Thailands Growth experienceBosworths paper is a good summary..