lecture 12008
DESCRIPTION
GISTRANSCRIPT
-
GIS in Water Resources: Lecture 1
In-class and distance learning
Geospatial database of hydrologic features
GIS and HIS
Curved earth and a flat map
-
Six Basic Course Elements
Lectures
Powerpoint slides
Video streaming
Readings
Arc Hydro: GIS in
Water Resources
Homework
Computer exercises
Hand exercises
Term Project
Oral presentation
HTML report
Class Interaction
Email
Discussion
Examinations
Midterm, final
-
Our Classroom
Dr David Tarboton
Students at Utah State
University
Dr David Maidment
Students at UT Austin
Dr Ayse Irmak
Students at University
of Nebraska - Lincoln
-
University Without Walls
Traditional Classroom Community
Inside and Outside
The Classroom
-
Learning Styles
Instructor-Centered
Presentation
Community-Centered
Presentation
Student
Instructor
We learn from the instructors and each other
-
GIS in Water Resources: Lecture 1
In-class and distance learning
Geospatial database of hydrologic features
GIS and HIS
Curved earth and a flat map
-
Geographic Data Model
Conceptual Model a set of concepts that describe a subject and allow reasoning about it
Mathematical Model a conceptual model expressed in symbols and equations
Data Model a conceptual model expressed in a data structure (e.g. ascii files, Excel tables, ..)
Geographic Data Model a conceptual model for describing and reasoning about the world expressed in a GIS database
-
Data Model
based on
Inventory of
data layers
-
Spatial Data: Vector format
Point - a pair of x and y coordinates
(x1,y1)
Line - a sequence of points
Polygon - a closed set of lines
Node
vertex
Vector data are defined spatially:
-
Themes or Data Layers
Vector data: point, line or polygon features
-
Kissimmee watershed, Florida
Themes
-
Attributes of a Selected Feature
-
Raster and Vector Data
Point
Line
Polygon
Vector Raster
Raster data are described by a cell grid, one value per cell
Zone of cells
-
http://srtm.usgs.gov/srtmimagegallery/index.html
Santa Barbara, California
-
How do we combine these data?
Digital Elevation
Models Watersheds Streams Waterbodies
-
An integrated
raster-vector
database
-
GIS in Water Resources: Lecture 1
In-class and distance learning
Geospatial database of hydrologic features
GIS and HIS
Curved earth and a flat map
-
Ocean Sciences
What is CUAHSI?
CUAHSI Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc
Formed in 2001 as a legal entity
Program office in Washington (5 staff)
NSF supports CUAHSI to develop infrastructure and services to advance hydrologic science in US universities
Earth Sciences
Atmospheric Sciences
UCAR
CUAHSI
Unidata
HIS National Science Foundation
Geosciences Directorate
-
CUAHSI Member Institutions
122 Universities as of August 2008
-
Hydrologic Information System
Goals
Data Access providing better access to a
large volume of high quality hydrologic
data;
Hydrologic Observatories storing and
synthesizing hydrologic data for a region;
Hydrologic Science providing a stronger
hydrologic information infrastructure;
Hydrologic Education bringing more
hydrologic data into the classroom.
-
HIS Overview Report
Summarizes the conceptual framework, methodology, and application tools for HIS version 1.1
Shows how to develop and publish a CUAHSI Water Data Service
Available at:
http://his.cuahsi.org/documents/HISOverview.pdf
-
Rainfall & Snow Water quantity
and quality
Remote sensing
Water Data
Modeling Meteorology
Soil water
-
Point Observations Information Model
Data Source
Network
Sites
Variables
Values
{Value, Time, Metadata}
Utah State Univ
Little Bear River
Little Bear River at Mendon Rd
Dissolved Oxygen
9.78 mg/L, 1 October 2007, 5PM
A data source operates an observation network A network is a set of observation sites A site is a point location where one or more variables are measured A variable is a property describing the flow or quality of water A value is an observation of a variable at a particular time A metadata quantity provides additional information about the value
GetSites
GetSiteInfo
GetVariableInfo
GetValues
-
Locations
Variable Codes
Date Ranges
WaterML and WaterOneFlow
GetSiteInfo GetVariableInfo GetValues
WaterOneFlow Web Service
Client
Penn State
Utah State NWIS
Data Repositories
Data
Data Data
EXTRACT TRANSFORM LOAD
WaterML
WaterML is an XML language for communicating water data WaterOneFlow is a set of web services based on WaterML
-
WaterOneFlow Set of query functions Returns data in WaterML
-
CUAHSI National Water Metadata Catalog Indexes: 50 observation networks 1.75 million sites 8.38 million time series 342 million data values
NWIS STORET
TCEQ
-
National Water
Metadata
Catalog
Synthesis and communication of the
nations water data http://his.cuahsi.org
Hydroseek WaterML
Government Water Data Academic Water Data
-
Texas Water Data Services
Using CUAHSI technology for state and local data sources (using state funding)
-
Linking Geographic Information Systems and
Water Resources
GIS Water Resources
-
Arc Hydro: GIS for Water Resources
Arc Hydro An ArcGIS data model
for water resources
Arc Hydro toolset for
implementation
Framework for linking
hydrologic simulation
models
The Arc Hydro data model and
application tools are in the public
domain
-
Arc Hydro Hydrography The blue lines on maps
-
Arc Hydro Hydrology The movement of water through the hydrologic system
-
Integrating Data Inventory using
a Behavioral Model
Relationships between
objects linked by tracing path
of water movement
-
Flow
Time
Time Series
Hydrography
Hydro Network
Channel System
Drainage System
Arc Hydro Components
-
Hydrologic Information System
Analysis, Modeling,
Decision Making
Arc Hydro
Geodatabase
A synthesis of geospatial and temporal data supporting hydrologic
analysis and modeling
-
GIS in Water Resources: Lecture 1
In-class and distance learning
Geospatial database of hydrologic features
GIS and HIS
Curved earth and a flat map
-
Origin of Geographic Coordinates
(0,0) Equator
Prime Meridian
-
Latitude and Longitude
Longitude line (Meridian) N
S
W E
Range: 180W - 0 - 180E
Latitude line (Parallel) N
S
W E
Range: 90S - 0 - 90N (0N, 0E)
Equator, Prime Meridian
-
Latitude and Longitude
in North America
90 W
Austin:
Logan:
Lincoln:
(3018' 22" N, 9745' 3" W)
(4144' 24" N, 11150' 9" W)
40 50 59 96 45 0
(4050' 59" N, 9645' 0" W)
-
Map Projection
Curved Earth Geographic coordinates: f, l
(Latitude & Longitude)
Flat Map Cartesian coordinates: x,y
(Easting & Northing)
-
Earth to Globe to Map
Representative Fraction
Globe distance
Earth distance =
Map Scale: Map Projection:
Scale Factor
Map distance
Globe distance =
(e.g. 1:24,000)
(e.g. 0.9996)
-
Coordinate Systems
(fo,lo)
(xo,yo)
X
Y
Origin
A planar coordinate system is defined by a pair
of orthogonal (x,y) axes drawn through an origin