lecture 1: course introduction motion in one...
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• Semester preview
• Motion along a straight line
• Position and displacement
Lecture 1: Course introduction
Motion in one dimension
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What is physics?
Most fundamental of sciences
Behavior and structure of matter
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Galaxy NGC 300, seven million lighters away, constellation Sculptor.
Courtesy of NASA.
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High energy proton collision in the LHC. © CERN
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Why study physics?
Required for major:
• Organisms and their components must obey
the underlying laws of physics
• Examples
• Physics can help explain biological processes
• Simulation: DNA molecule through cell
membrane
Find out how the world works
Because it is FUN
Demonstrations
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Topic overview
Honda cog ad video
Fall semester 1145: Mechanics
• Motion of objects
• Forces, friction, circular motion
• Energy and momentum
• Motion of planets
• Rotational motion
• Fluids
• Oscillations and waves
Spring semester 2145: Electricity and magnetism
• Charges, circuits, magnets, light
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Course Orientation
Course website: http://web.mst.edu/~vojtaa/phys1145/index.html
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A few tools:
• SI system of units (metric system): kg, m, s
• Unit conversions
• Scientific notation
• Prefixes: micro, milli, centi, kilo… (Table 1.2)
• Estimates
Please review on your own as needed.
See Ch. 1, Sec. 1.4
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Basic math skills required in this course
• Linear equations, systems of linear equations
• Quadratic equations
• Basic trigonometry: SOHCAHTOA, Pythagoras
Trigonometry is a prerequisite for this course.If you got permission to take the course without having taken
a formal trigonometry course, make sure to review
Homework # 1 will help you review
math skills
• Vectors (will be covered next week)
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Motion in one Dimension
Particle model or “point mass” → only translation
Things to know about a moving object:
Where is it? ➔ Position
How fast is it moving and in which direction?
➔ Velocity
How do speed and direction of motion change?
➔ Acceleration
Kinematics: Describing Motion
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Position
• In reference to some coordinate system
• numerical value x
• x(t) is location of particle as a function of time
• Initial position: xi = x(ti) *
* Particle does not have to start at the origin
Discuss: textbook, Table 2.1, Figures 2.2 and 2.4
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Displacement
Displacement = Change in position: *
Δ𝑥 can be positive or negative ⟶ direction
If 𝑥𝑓 = 𝑥𝑖: Δ𝑥 = 0
Displacement is not the same as distance traveled!
Δ𝑥 = 𝑥𝑓 − 𝑥𝑖
* Change (upper case delta Δ) is the final
value of a quantity minus the initial value.