lect 4016
DESCRIPTION
4016TRANSCRIPT
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Quality Function DeploymentQFD
House of Quality (HOQ)
WELCOME TO LECTURE 6
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COURSE PERT CHART
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Where we are
We have seen how to define the problem We have seen how to decompose it We have seen how to be creative We have seen how to evaluate solutions Now how can we improve on existing
products? - What does the CUSTOMER want?
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QFD:Definition
QFD stands for Quality Function Deployment.Derived from six Chinese/ Japanese characters:1. Hin shitsu: Qualities, features or attributes2. Ki no: function3. Ten kai: deployment
QFD:- systematic way for developing products based on the needs of the customer.
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History of QFD
Originally developed by Yoji Akao of Tokyo in 1966.First implemented at the Kobe Shipyard of
Mitsubishi in 1972.Subsequently adopted by Toyota and other
Japanese Firms. First QFD Training outside Japan at GM and
Ford in 1972.Later by other companies around the world
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QFD : QUALITY FUNCTION DEVELOPMENT
GOAL:
Recognize the correlations between the customerrequirements and the product characteristics
Identify the product characteristics that affectspecific customer requirements
Recognize the correlations within the engineeringcharacteristics
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QFD : QUALITY FUNCTION DEVELOPMENT
Paper by Hauser and Clausing in Harvard Business Review 1988 prompted the introduction of the Japanese House of Quality into US companies.
Quality:Basic (unspoken, assumed) expected, typicalPerformance (spoken) one dimensional,
market research resultsExcitement (unspoken, the customer does not
know s/he wants it) pleasant, surprises or delights customer
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QFD
what
How
what/How
why
what/why
How/HowmuchHowmuch
How/How
# designchanges
Before After
US
Japan
HOUSE OF QUALITY
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QFDHouse of Quality
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CA 1 W1 CA 2 W2 ... ...
Engineering Characteristics 3
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Correlation-Matrix 4
Assessment 5Targets6
techn. Competition compar. 7
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Ex.: 1-10 Ex.: 1-10
PointsStrong relationship 9
Medium relationship 3
Weak relationship 1
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EXAMPLE
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Easy to erase 5 9 9 7 5 5 7Writes forever 10 1 9 4 4 4 6Feels good in hand 5 3 9 6 4 7 7Will not leak 4 9 3 3 4 3 6Not easy to lose 1 1 1 3 3 3 8Cost 5 9 3 3 1 7 6 5 8.....
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Customer Attributes
Priority
E. Characteristics
Caution: oversimplified! And only top level considered! Check publications
(ref. von Helbling Management)
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QFD Analysis
Potential for Use of a House of Quality Matrix Technique in Rehabilitation
Engineering
by: Logan, G.D. & Radcliffe, D.F.IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation
Engineering
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Goal: Improve wheelchair seating to people with disabilities.
Acquired customer requirements through interaction with patients, and videotaped sessions.
Case 1: improving controls on wheelchair Case 2: attaching oxygen tank to wheelchair
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Case 1 H.O.Q.
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Case 1 results:
H.O.Q. provided accurate results.
Top 3 ranked items lead to a successful product and had considerably higher totals than the remaining engineering features.
Paper Conclusions
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Define the Performance Measures columns on the top
QFD INTENTIONS
Cross Functional Teams
Development of a new product , service, or process
Team fills out a House of Quality
Define the Voice Of the Customer rows on the left
Forces creative thinking and continual evaluation of progress
Refining an existing product , service, or process
Engineering Characteristics Technical Quality Characteristics Quality Specifications Functional Requirements The Hows
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Parts Specifications
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Manufacturing Processes
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Using QFD to deploy the VOC throughout the development process
One is not enough
Features and Technologies
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UNREALISTICPerformance Measures
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Features and Technologies
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Eager to get to design Substitute a design matrix for second house 80 - 90% of learning occurs in the initial HOQ
Initial HOQ takes 2 - 6 days to complete
15 - 20 rows
40 - 60 columns
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QFD software
QFD Capture (free evaluation download)
http://www.gsm.mq.edu.au/cmit/ German, Excel,
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The House of Quality Construction of the House of Quality (HOQ) is an initial step in
launching Quality Functional Deployment (QFD). The HOQ provides a means to recognize correlation among customer requirements, engineering characteristics, part characteristics, process operations, and production requirements. Additionally, the HOQ can be used atool for comparing existing and potential designs with the competitions designs. Findings from the HOQ can help groups develop targets and understand priorities and goals throughout the development process.
In this exercise, 2 HOQs are considered: Voice of the Customer vs. Engineering Characteristics and Engineering Characteristics vs. Part Characteristics.
The product at hand is a compressed air handheld pump commonly used for inflating bicycle tires.
The first step in building the HOQs is to list the requirements and characteristics pertaining to the product. The table below lists the customer requirements, engineering characteristics, and part characteristics for the handheld pump.
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Requirements and Characteristics for HOQ
Part CharacterisiticsEngineering CharacteristicsCustomer Requirements
Threaded fittingCompetitive in market
Valve Stem SeatCost
NozzleBe safe in all sporting conditions
MaterialBe recyclable
Seal, cartridge to valveBe reusable
Pressure (40-110 psi)Over-pressure protectionEnvironment
Capacity (12-25g)Offer control of flowMaintenance free
Safety Pressure reliefAdapt to Sxx,Pxx needle valvesReadily available replacements
CartridgeCompressed air retentionMaintenance
MaterialPressure to inflate 40-110 psiPrevent freezing discharge of CO2 from cartridge
Interface w/ valve headOperate in temp range 10F-120FAccommodate threaded or non-threaded cartridges
MassUse of varying cartridge designsAccommodate varying cartridge sizes
LengthVolume for 12-25gr cartridgeInflate mountain bike tires
Inside diameterCompact constructionInflate road tires
Outside diameterLightweightHouse unpunctured cartridge
Cartridge housingImpact resistancePerformance
MaterialConvenient geometryEasy to carry
Lever strokeAccessible trigger locationEasy to store
Lever lengthassbly of valve body to containerEasy cartridge loading
TriggerMinimum trigger forceErgonomics
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HOQ1 CRs vs ECs
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HOQ1 CRs vs ECs
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HOQ1 ECs vs PCs
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Conclusion: Summary Value of QFDStrengthens current development process - Clear targets defined early based on
market/business demands- simultaneous focus on product and process
technologies- key issues remain visible for prioritizing resource
allocation- communication and teamwork are enhancedDesired output efficiently achieved- Products meet customer needs- Products provide a competitive edge
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Conclusions
Powerful tool to help you prioritize what to work on.
Powerful tool to allow you to compare your product to the competitions products and target how to better satisfy the customer
Weakness is lack of scientific basis. More heuristic method proven to help companies
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Presentations Provide pertinent facts to busy people Be systematic: Carefully prepare
Analyze the audience State your objective Define your main message and support it
Introduction Body Conclusion
Watch presentation skills, do not distract Support your material with facts, references- Make sure they are correct Use professional language, no slang, no excessive acronyms Proper grammar, articulation, loudness Variety in pitch, rate, intensity Eye contact Watch for hesitations, filler words Stay on time Use appropriate number of visual aids, and make them good quality Use clear fonts (Arial), large size fonts (readable from back of room) Do not use distracting color Put the name of each presenter at the bottom of the slide REHEARSE!!!!!! You should not have to look back at the screen