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Program Integrated Assignment

Group-01

DESIGN OF LECTURE HALL

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Group Members

09-54 -W.U.IRESHA 09-48 -A.M.K.ADEEPA

09-128-K.P.K.VIRANTHA

09-207-K.D.C.NIMALKA

09-157-E.W.P.C.S.EDIRIWEERA

09-118-S.M.M.K.FERNANDO 09-76 -H.M.H.K.HERATH

09-120-D.S.ARIYARATHNA

09-86 -T.N.EKANAYAKE

09-64 -U.M.G.G.S.D.S.UDAKUMBURA

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Objective Design Guidelines

Location

Entrances

Information Transfer & Display

Writing Boards

Projection Screens

Seating rake, Aisles and Visibility Physical access and movement

Architectural and Environmental Standards

Ambience

Finishes

Furniture

Fittings

Lighting & Electricity Supply

Project Outline and Content

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To facilitate learning spaces to the growing number o

Provide comfortable seating with large work surfaces

Encourage interactive learning

Add multimedia audio visual systems with good sight

Improve access for all persons

Increase flexibility to respond to future needs

Objective of The Project

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Design Guidelines

Location Lecture hall should be isolated from external an

sources of noise.

The location of learning room in relation to t

light should also be considered. Room with

facing north can be more easily designed t

adequate blackout capability and energy efficien

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Design Guidelines

Entrances Entrances should be located to avoid stud

passing through non-instructional areas.

The flow of students in and out of rooms should

to account when determining the size of the ent

exits.

Vision panels in entrance doors should be provi

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Information Transfer and Display

The success of the lecture hall as a teaching spbe measured by its ability to support and

teaching. It may be stated broadly that spaces,

comfortable and pleasant, will provide

environment for the acquisition of knowled

specifically, generous access, comfortable seasight lines, good lighting, articulate sound, a

scale, pleasant spatial forms, colors and textur

contribute to the success of a teaching space.

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Hall Size and Proportioning

Facts that should be considered when designing a room with go

and efficient seating layouts: Determine number of screens based on seating capacity, ro

teaching goals.

Determine the general location, size, and orientation of eachthe seating area.

Insure the instructor area meets the minimum dimensions in th

Draw viewing angles from each screen and insure all seathem.

Determine optimum width and depth of the seating area baspacing guidance.

Determine the location and size of access aisles.

Thendecide where the walls of the learning room should be lo

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Writing Boards

Writing boards are required in most lecture theatreit is important to note that use of these in larg

should be discouraged, as distant students are

read the written information. It is desirable to

ready access to the boards when other media a

Designers of new theatres should provideimaging and display areas, with easy access

boards at any time.

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Writing Boards

Fixed-height marker boards shall be mounted with edge 42-inches above the floor to allow students rows of seats to see more of the boards. They shal

Have a low-gloss white porcelain-enamel steel surfeasy to clean.

Be illuminated by lights on a separate switch that do

over onto screens, other marker boards, or the wallthem.

Have a continuous marker tray below the marker bosurface and a wall-mounted holder nearby that is laenough for six markers and an eraser.

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Projection Screens

Projection display techniques are increasingly beinUniversity teaching. Such techniques present magnifiethe audience on projection screens.

The following projection facilities are provided in lecture h

Computer Data Projection (ceiling mounted)

A4 Overhead Transparency Projection

Planning for projection display requires consideration odistant viewer situated at the most acute angle to the toughest task is the projection of computer informationormally designed to be read quite close to the screen.

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The following rules were obeyed during the design concep

screens:

1. Furthest Student.

No student should be positioned further than six screen height mulprojection screen.

2. Closest Student.No student should be positioned closer than two screen height mulprojection screen.

3. Horizontal Viewing Angle.Students should be positioned within an arc of 45 degrees off the cprojection.

4. Screen Position.The base of the screen should generally be at least 1.35 m clear ofthe front of the lecture theatre.

5. Vertical Viewing Angle.Students should be limited to 15 degrees maximum head tilt excurshorizontal, to reference the center of the projection screen.

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To provide good sight lines to projection screens, ceilings in

with tiered floor should be at least 11 feet high in front of the

insure that light from the projector will not be in the instructor

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Seating rake, Aisle and Visibility

The lecture hall floor should be raked to provide a clear

display areas and the presenter from every seat. The rake

provided by tiering of the theatre floor.

Each tier or step should be a minimum of 6. More aggre

can be provided, however it usually creates projection

viewing problems it should be contemplated only in very s

or where existing conditions must be retained.

It is generally accepted that center aisles should be avoidedviewing seats will be lost.

The location of aisles however will be determined not only

considerations but also by the requirements for good

between the rows and to and from the theatre.

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Physical Access and Movement

Well designed lecture halls permit comfortable access and egress.

Designers must comply with the requirements of the Building Code ias aisle widths, distance to aisles and exits, seating row spacing

persons access.

Designers should be mindful of other considerations which affec

access and movement such as foyer or lobby spaces, door locatio

row lengths.

A sufficient number of doors are to be provided for a maximum cleaminutes for quick and efficient changeover between lectures.

The front row of seats is to be at the same floor level as the adjace

for disabled persons access.

Wheelchair spaces must be located towards the center front row ra

the side.

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Architectural and Environmental Standa

Ambiance

Lecture Halls should be designed to be attractive and comfor

Experience suggests some correlation between high lectur

and well designed lecture halls. The form of the spaces sho

suit the function. There should be minimal fenestration to wa

the front of the theatre so as not to detract from the main fo

Lecturer and boards and screens. Care should be taken,

design spaces which are not merely functional. Design solutio

attractive architecturally and should, where possible, allow

inclusion of works of art. Colors should be chosen to suit the

the space. Light colors are generally preferable but care mus

avoid glare on whiteboards and projection screens.

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Floors

Carpets are required in all teaching spaces foand aesthetic reasons.

The direct stick method generally increases and is a more practical method of carpetingfloors.

On the nosings of stepped aisles and stairs, usA Tread" safety stair nosing, with bull nose insert strips in keeping with the carpet color.

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Walls

In general wall surfaces should be durable and easy to clean.

The lower portion of the wall should be constructed from or lined wit

materials, resistant to scuffing and scratching, e.g. masonry (with ant gr

or laminate finish.

Where plasterboard or plaster-glass is used, high quality workmanship

produce a level and straight surface in particular near the front of the

may regularly be highlighted by spotlights, board lights, and the like.

These materials, particularly plasterboard, should only be used where iis unlikely.

Acoustic panels may be required on side and back walls. The Consulta

to integrate panels into the general fenestration and design context of th

Maintenance and cleaning ability of acoustic panels is critical.

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Ceilings

A number of appropriate options are availab

selection of materials for ceilings; however, partshould be taken in the finish of plasterboard

glass ceilings particularly if up lighting is to be u

If adequate room is available the ceiling space

easily accessible for servicing of light fittmechanical equipment, in preference to using s

within the space.

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Furniture

Seating and Writing Surfaces

In lecture halls, fixed work surfaces can be arrangstudents to more easily communicate with each othinstructor.

This is encouraged as long as good sight lines to smarker boards are provided.

Insure all students can see all screens, the frontalso be arranged to encourage interactive discusthe room is not full.

Remaining seats are normally arranged in a gentlethe viewingangles of all of the projection screens

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Recommended Seat Spacing

Continuous work surfaces with movable chairs:

36 inches apart - rows with up to 20 seats

38 inches apart - rows with 21-24 seats

Access aisles:

Minimum 36 inch-wide aisle leading to front of room.

Minimum 28-inch-wide aisles in other locations.

Rationale:Following this seat spacing guidance will provide adequate

and:

Allow students who arrive late to find seats easily with minimum disr

Insures wheelchair users can reach their workstations and the front

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Instructor Workstations

Learning rooms will include instructor workstations designed to ac

Computer-based audio-visual systems and other commonly-usvisual components.

Instructors who are standing, seated, or using a wheelchair.

Key workstation design features and location considerations are a

Workstations shall be oriented to allow instructors to maintain e

with students while using keyboards and allow students to seemedia.

In rooms with one screen, an instructor workstation on the left instructor area, marker boards in the center, and a screen in thusually works well.

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In large rooms with multiple screens, a workstation located on the left side

area, near the marker board and overhead projectors, usually works w

central location may be preferable in some rooms. Tables used for pane

references are also needed. Work surfaces and audio-visual components shall not block views of scre

boards.

34 inches above floormaximum height of work surfaces.

41 inches above floormaximum height of monitors/task lights/other compo

Work stations shall accommodate instructors who stand, sit, or use a whee

Provide accessible route to workstations. Minimum knee clearance: 27 inches high, 18 inches wide (avoid keyboard t

PC keyboard/mouse/controls within easy reach of instructors.

Control panel for A/V system in easy reach of instructors.

Height ofinstructors seat easily adjusted - 19 to 27 inches above floor.

Instructors chair has integral footrest and can be easily moved.

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Fittings

Ceiling-Mounted Projectors

Lecture hall shall have ceiling-mounted projectors, regardless of room size.To keep technology, audio-visual consultants shall specify projectors that meet current criteri

Performance goals include:

Low noise level.

Uniformly bright, clear images with good resolution and excellent color rendition.

Compatibility with other audio-visual components.

Reliability; availability and cost of replacement parts.

Compact size to avoid blocking views of screens and marker boards.

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Overhead (Transparency) Projectors

Projectors shall:

Have a compact wide-angle lens that projects awith a six-foot diagonal from a distance of six fe

Have an installed spare bulb that the user can a

a lever or switch.

Be designed to fit inside the recess of the projec

with the glass surface at the same height as thesurfaces of the cart. Insure switch is easily reac

Have a warm neutral color (example: charcoal g

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Audio Systems

All learning rooms accommodating at least 15

shall contain an audio amplification system and

Clocks

If deemed necessary, clocks should be instal

lecture hall, primarily for reference by the lectur

should be mounted on the rear wall or on the

towards the rear.

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Lighting and Electrical PowerLighting and electrical power systems shall:

Be energy-efficient.

Be easy to maintain and modify.

Provide appropriate lighting levels for all room activities that are easy to

Provide natural lighting and window coverings as follows:

Natural light is available (not excessive) in all learning rooms except dis

Locate windows away from projected images; avoid skylights and cleres Window coverings that reduce light intensity and glare when full darken

required.

Opaque window coverings that reduce light levels to 2 foot-candles

Window coverings that are easy to open and close and do not jam.

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Avoid light that creates glare or reflections on computer s

Use indirect natural and artificial lighting in computer in

Use indirect or parabolic fluorescent lights in other lear

Avoid placing lights behind instructor workstations.

Increase energy efficiency and the ability to see projectedusing:

Lighting controls that automatically turn off lightsrooms

Energy-efficient dimmable lighting for seating areas

Light fixtures that dont block views of:

Screens, marker boards, or instructors

Light paths from projectors

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Lighting zones and levels appropriate for each aroom : Avoid lights in front of projection screens

Lower light levels in corridors and instructor areas, anramps and tiered floors

Task light for instructor work stations that avoid light s

screens/monitors Lights focused on marker boards that do not wash ou

images

Safety lights that remain on when other lights are off,illuminate screens

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ControlsProvide lighting and audio-visual system controls that are easy to use:

Pre-set light levels on the audio-visual control system menu.

Wall-mounted switch for seating area lights near each entrance door.

Wall switches in one area near the instructor workstation, mounted 48 above the flo

Dimmer switches that allow lights to be turned fully on, dimmed, or off.

On-off switches for marker board lights.

Up-off-down switches for projection screens and electrically-operated shades.

Switches shall not have to be held in the up or down position to make screens or s

can stop them at any point.

Brushed stainless steel faceplates with engraved black letters that identify functions

Arrange switches as illustrated in the diagram on the next page.

The wall-mounted switch set and audio-visual smart control system must be c

design so that they remain operable at all times. Leaving either one in any position

not prevent the other from functioning normally and fully.

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