lec 6 learning styles

Learning Styles

Dr Qaiser MalikThis Work is the Property of Engr Dr Qaiser Hameed Malik and Engr Naveed Zafar

Why they are important?

• Low satisfaction or poor performance can be

misinterpreted as lack of knowledge or ability

when it is difficulty with learning

• Teachers who understand learning styles are

better able to adapt their teaching methods

• Varied teaching methods lead to more motivated

and engaged learners

• Students who know their styles are better

learners and better achievers

This Work is the Property of Engr Dr Qaiser Hameed Malik and Engr Naveed Zafar

Why they are important?

• A teacher who knows his/her learning style is more

aware of the disparities among the class members

and can adapt his/her teaching

• Styles have strengths and weaknesses and can be

mixed


Classifications

Kolb is the ”guru” of learning styles

He developed a cycle of learning in which immediate/concrete experiences provide the basis for observations and reflections

These observations can be distilled into abstract concepts which produce actions which can be actively tested to create a new experience


Honey and Mumford

• Developed a learning styles questionnaire based on

Kolb’s theories

• Postulated that people’s preferred styles vary with

situational change

• Their cycle is having an experience –reflecting on it -

drawing conclusions- putting theory into practice


Honey and Mumford Cycle


The 4 Styles

Reflectors

Prefer to watch, think,

review

Journals and brainstorm

Expert lectures

Theorists

Think through step by step

Lectures case studies

Reading

Pragmatist

Apply new learning to actual

practice

Field work and lab work

Feedback and coaching

Activists

Challenge of the new

experience

Role play Small groups

Involvement with others


Silvermann and Felder

• Developed a shorter version of learning styles

instrument called Index of Learning Styles (ILS) that

assesses preferences on four scaleshttp://www4.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/Papers/LS-1988.pdf

• ILS is self scoring web based instrument that

assesses preferences on Sensing/Intuiting,

Visual/Verbal, Active/Reflective, Sequential/Global

dimensions.

• ILS is freely available.http://www.ncsu.edu/felder-public/ILSpage.html


http://www4.ncsu.edu/unity/lockers/users/f/felder/public/Papers/LS-1988.pdf

http://www.ncsu.edu/felder-public/ILSpage.html

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Learning Styles - Categories

Visual

Verbal

Sensory

Intuitive

Active

Reflective

Sequential

Global

Input into mind

Perception of Information

Processing to Retain

Building Understanding

Learning Styles


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Learning Styles Visual - Verbal

• Identify information

• People tend to prefer to

take in information either

visually or verbally

Input


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Learning Styles Visual-Verbal

Index of Learning

Styles Questionnaire

http://www.engr.ncsu.edu/le

arningstyles/ilsweb.html


http://www.engr.ncsu.edu/learningstyles/ilsweb.html

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Verbal 30%

Prefer the spoken

and written word

Visual 70%

Prefer charts, diagrams, and pictures


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Visual Learner Verbal Learner

Instruction Video Clips

Diagrams & Images

Maps

Lecture

Audio clips

Assignments Mind Mapping

PowerPoint With Images

Interviews

Seminars

Reports & Speeches

Assessment Id on Maps

Drawings and Sketches

Read & response

Sound Identification

Verbal tests

Reference Reference maps

Diagrams/Pictures

Articles

Video/Audio Clips

Communication Whiteboard

Chat

Phone

Audio Conferencing


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Helping the Visual Learner

Try to find and use diagrams,

sketches, flow charts…

Use concept maps when

appropriate…

Color code notes if possible…

Try to locate video clips

related to your topics…

Helping the Verbal Learner

Prepare summaries of

material…

Allow for presentation of

others explanations…

Discussions of topics by the

class…


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Learning Styles Sensing-Intuitive

• Perception of information

• Sensors like to work with

real data and like details

• Intuitors like to work with

theories and like concepts

• Making it fit in the real world

or the world of ideas

• Concrete ConceptualFacts and Data Concepts


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Index of Learning






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Intuitive 42% - (innovators)

Prefer theories and interpretations

of factual information

Want a connection to other ideas

Sensing 58% - (Logical)

Prefer data and facts

Want a connection to real world


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Learning Styles Sensing - Intuitive

Sensing Learner Intuitive Learner

Instruction Images

Sounds

Demos

Case Studies

Hypothesis Setting

Assignments Creation of Demos

Images

Case Studies

Problem Solving

Resolution Building

Assessment Detail Tests

Audio Tests

Outcome Projections

Reference Field Trips

Virtual Field Trips

Compare & Contrast

Communication Conferencing Tools Group Work


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Learning Styles Sensing - Intuitive

Helping the Sensing Learner

Provide specific examples to

material if possible…

Try to frame material in how

they apply in practice…

Brainstorming on how the

material presented works in

practice…

Helping the Intuitive Learner

Connection exercises for

theories being presented…

Question development time…

Provide time or exercises for

building hypothesis…


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Learning Styles Active-Reflective

• Processing to Retain

• Active learners need to

interact with the material

directly and/or talking with

others

• Reflective learners need to

think about where the new

information fits


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Index of Learning






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Reflective 32%

Do the processing in

their head

Let’s think it through

Active 68%

Learn best by doing something physical with

the information

Let’s try it and see how it works out


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Learning Styles Active - Reflective

Active Learner Reflective Learner

Instruction Class Participation Critical Thinking

Reflection Time

Assignments Model Building Problem Sets

Journaling

Assessment Projects

Reports

Problem Solving

Essays

Reference Field Trips

Virtual Field trips

Observations

Readings

Communication Meetings Webcasts


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Learning Styles Active - Reflective

Helping the Active Learner

Allow time for problem-solving

activities…

Hypothesis development

exercises…

Group discussions on topics in

the material…

Helping the Reflective Learner

Reflective time in a class…

Question development time…

Summaries of class

materials…

Blogging…


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Learning Styles Sequential-Global

• Building Understanding

• Sequentials want to follow a

linear process

• Global learners want to

work from the big picture


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Index of Learning






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Global 28%

Must see the big picture

Before the individual

pieces fall into place

Sequential 72%

Easily makes linear connections between individual steps


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Learning Styles Sequential - Global

Sequential Learner Global Learner

Instruction Video Clips

Diagrams & Images

Maps

Lecture

Audio clips

Assignments Mind Mapping

PowerPoint With Images

Interviews

Seminars

Reports & Speeches

Assessment Id on Maps

Drawings and Sketches

Read & response

Sound Identification

Verbal tests

Reference Reference maps

Diagrams/Pictures

Articles

Vide/Audio Clips

Communication Whiteboard

Chat

Phone

Audio Conferencing


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Learning Styles Sequential - Global

Helping the Sequential Learner

Provide material in order of

completing a task…

Provide examples and material

to fill in steps…

Helping the Global Learner

Organize material into more

blocks than step by step

approach…

Relate material to existing

material and theories…


Study in a way that works best for

YOU! Everyone learns a little differently from everyone else.

You have a unique way of learning.

If a study method is not working for you, try something different.

Try background music.

Try studying alone, or with a study partner.

Try studying early in the day, or later in the evening. Mix it up until you find what works best for you.

If you are still struggling – ASK for help! There are many programs and resources available for you. Please utilize every support available.


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Any QUESTIONS?


Thank you

38This Work is the Property of Engr Dr Qaiser Hameed Malik and Engr Naveed Zafar

lec 6 learning styles

Engineering