Learning To Use New

Testament Greek

Lesson XX

The disciples preached to sinners.

3. ejkhvruxan oiJ maqhtai; aJmartwloi:V.

In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was God.

7. ejn ajrch:/ h\n oJ lovgoV, kai qeo;V h|n oJ lovgoV.

The apostle taught the disciples and kept leading the good men into the kingdom of love.

9. ejdivdaxen oJ ajpovstoloV tou;V maqhta;V kai; h[get ou;V ajgaqou;V ajnqrwvpouV eijV th;n basileivan ajgavphV.

The Lord saw the evil men, but we see the good men.

10. e[bleyen oJ kuvrioV tou;V ponhrouvV, ajlla; blevpomen tou;V ajgaqouvV.

diva• with genitive – through, by

– diameter

• with accusative – because of, on account of– diacritical

Prepositions With 2 Cases

katav• with genitive – against,

down– catapult

• with accusative – according to– catalog

Prepositions With 2 Cases

metav• with genitive – with

– metabolic

• with accusative – after– metamorphosis

Prepositions With 2 Cases

periv• with genitive – about,

concerning, for• with accusative – around

– perimeter

Prepositions With 2 Cases

uJpevr• with genitive – for• with accusative – above,

over– hypertension

Prepositions With 2 Cases

uJpov• with genitive – against,

down– catapult

• with accusative – according to– catalog

Prepositions With 2 Cases

ejpiv• Genitive, dative &

accusative• upon; on, at, about

– epidermis

Prepositions With 3 Cases

parav• genitive – from• dative – with• accusative – beside; by

– parallel

Prepositions With 3 Cases

ajnav• accusative – up

– analysis

Prepositions With 1 Case

ajntiv• genitive – instead of; in

place of, for– antichrist

Prepositions With 1 Case

prov• genitive – before

– prologue

Prepositions With 1 Case

provV• accusative – to; toward,

with– prosthesis

Prepositions With 1 Case

suvn• dative – with

– synthesis

Prepositions With 1 Case

ajnaginwvskw

I read

Compound Verbs

ajnoivgw

I open

Compound Verbs

ajpoqnhskw

I die

Compound Verbs

ekbavllw

I throw out, I cast out

Compound Verbs

Prepositions• Above the shelf, you will find books about

the Dead Sea Scrolls and works concerning other aspects of Bible archaeology.

• about, above, across, against, along, amid, among, around, at, atop, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, but (meaning except), by, concerning, down, during, except, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, on, onto, out, outside, over, past, regarding, since, through, throughout, to, toward, under, underneath, until, up, upon, with, within, without.

Prepositions

“A proper understanding of prepositions is vital to exegesis. Many an exegetical debate has turned on the use of a particular preposition. One can gain some sense of the value of learning the nuances of the prepositions by noting their sheer number (over 10,000 in the NT). Prepositions are so common that four out of five verses have at least one.” (Greek Grammar: Beyond The Basics, Wallace, p. 357)

• e[n – 2752 times in the NT• ei[V – 1767 times in the NT

What Is A Preposition?

• A word that links a noun, pronoun, or a word or word group acting as a noun (the object of the preposition) to the rest of the sentence. (The Little Brown Handbook, p.526)

• The pen is on the Bible.• The pen is beside the Bible.

What Is A Preposition?• A preposition always has an object, which is

usually a noun or pronoun. The preposition establishes a relationship such as space, time, accompaniment, cause or manner between its object and another word in the sentence. The preposition with its object (and any modifiers) is called a prepositional phrase. (Harbrace College Handbook, 12th Edition. pp. 14-15)

• After the sermon, the preacher walked slowly down the wide aisle and through the door of the spacious auditorium.

• After the sermon, the preacher walked slowly down the wide aisle and through the door of the spacious auditorium.

The Greek Preposition

1. There are 17 basic prepositions

prov-before

uJpevr-over

metav-after

ajnav-up

ejpivv-onejivvV-

intoejk-out of

pavra-beside

diva-through

ejn - inprovV-toward

uJpov - under

katav - down

ajpovv - from

The Greek Preposition1. a

2. A single Greek preposition may have more than one meaning• diva - gen- through; acc- because of, account of

• ejpiv – gen. – on; dat. – at; acc. - about

3. Is not declinable4. Can be prefixed to verbs

•To intensify meaning – ginwskw / epiginwskw•To complete meaning – agw / apagw•To give entirely new meaning

• ginwskw – I know / anaginwskw – I read

The Greek Preposition5. Undergoes morphological changes when

followed by a word that begins with a vowel.Preposition Before Smooth Before Rough

ajnav ajn j ajn j

ajntiv ajnt j ajnq j

ajpov ajp j ajf j

diav di j di j

ejpiv ejp j ejp j

katav kat j kaq j

metav met j meq j

parav par j par j

uJpov uJp j uJf j

But periv periv periv

prov prov prov