What are Learning Styles?

Information enters your brain three main ways: sight, hearing and touch, which one you use the most is called your Learning Style

Visual Learners learn by sight Auditory Learners learn by

hearing Tactile Learners (kinesthetic)

learn by touch

Visual Learners Prefer to see information such as

pictures, diagrams, cartoons, demonstrations

Picture words and concepts they hear as images

Easily distracted in lecture with no visual aids

Overwhelmed with intense visuals accompanied by lecture

Benefit from using charts, maps, notes, and flash cards when studying

Auditory Learners

Prefer to hear information spoken Can absorb a lecture with little effort May not need careful notes to learn. Often avoid eye contact in order to

concentrate May read aloud to themselves Like background music when they study

Tactile or Kinesthetic Learners Prefer touch as their primary mode for

taking in information In traditional lecture situations, they

should write out important facts Create study sheets connected to vivid

examples Role-playing can help them learn and

remember important ideas

Okay, Iget it now.

Activist Possess impatient and hasty attitude

Have strong inquisitive instinct

Act fast and quick to response

Like to search for new experiences

Energetic, flexible & open minded

Possess strong intrinsic motivation

Possess critical and creative thinking skills

Reflectivist Like to think by themselves

Possess critical & creative thinking skills

Like to interpret and evaluate concept, principle,

conclusion, project

Like to search for universal truth.

Possess cautious, alert attitude

Good listeners, slow to response

Learn and work in a systematic way

Do not make decision or conclusion hastily

Theorist

Possess rational and logical thinking Possess disciplined attitude and obj character Not creative but emphasize the use of left brain Like to design hypotheses, test them and draw

conclusion based on concrete proofs Like to use for causes and effects Interested to study the new phenomena in the

surroundings

Pragmatist

Those who possess practical attitude and emphasize facts and truth based on existing theories, laws or principles.

Believe in seeing better than hearing Emphasize how to use, as well as usage of certain

things Like to make comparison

Mastery Learning Students can master any topic IF if it is broken down into small chunks & if they are

given enough time to learn at their own pace Assumes that almost all students can and will master a

great deal of what is taught; if instruction is approached systematically; if the students are helped when and where they have

learning difficulties; if they are given sufficient time to achieve mastery.

Implication of Mastery Learning in T&L Teacher use suitable strategies to match individual’s

learning style Teacher look into factors that affect learning style (5

factors):- Environment (light, sound)- Psychology (left/right brain, impulsive mood)- Emotion (motivation, responsibility)- Social (indivdual, pair, group, adult)- Physiology (nutrition, learning time) Emphasizes aspect of individual differences Use of various teaching aids

Rational Implementation of M.L in school

1) M.L is not new. Already implement in KBSR &

KBSM

2) Enable pupils to master what is being taught

3) School in developed countries; have evidence

that pupil’s perf. & achievement are relatively

higher than general teaching method.

Strategy of t&L for Mastery Learning

1) Determine learning outcomes

• Planning explicit learning objective

• i.e. based on observation of pupil’s behaviour

• Explicit learning obj.: contain elements that can be measured

during evaluation

2. Use suitable learning materials to suit different learning

style

3. Evaluate learning test by: diagnostic test & formative test

4. Carry out remedial activities (not fully mastered)

5. Enrichment activities (hav attained learn.obj. satisfactorily)

Implications in T&L

Teacher should realize that every pupil’s learning style is different from others.

Therefore, there is no single perfect teaching method to teach all the pupil in a certain class.