learning in science
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Learning in Science. Vygotsky (Constructivist). Learning stems from experience Involves language (and discussion) Clarifies thinking Requires processing Within a social and cultural context Within Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) Is contextually-based Howe, 1996. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Learning in Learning in ScienceScience
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VygotskyVygotsky(Constructivist)(Constructivist)
Learning stems from experience Involves language (and discussion)
Clarifies thinking Requires processing
Within a social and cultural context Within Zone of Proximal Development
(ZPD) Is contextually-based
Howe, 1996
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VygotskyVygotsky(Constructivist)(Constructivist)
People learn Everyday concepts (spontaneous) “Scientific” concepts (non-spontaneous)
Concepts Are constructed Linked concepts transfer to new experiences
Howe, 1996
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PiagetPiaget(Constructivist)(Constructivist)
Learning is active, constructive process Learning derived from experience New Knowledge
Assimilated Accommodated
Learning is individual and internally driven
Developmental stages in learning Linked to physical development Limit learning
Howe, 1996
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Prior KnowledgePrior Knowledge
I’d like the duck, but I have a plane to catch.
I was brought into a large white room and my eyes began to blink because the bright light hurt them.
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Prior Prior KnowledgeKnowledge
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ConstructivismConstructivism Concepts – regularities in events or
objectsConsider:ChairDogRunningBlueSunny
Novak, 2002
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Prior Prior KnowledgeKnowledge
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Prior KnowledgePrior Knowledge
Which does not belong in this group?
SalamanderJellyfishTreeFishJesse Ventura
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ConstructivismConstructivism Knowledge
Builds on Prior Knowledge Derived from reality Is adaptive, useful Is rational “Created” by individuals Socially constructed
Shapiro, 1994
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ConstructivismConstructivism Knowledge
Rote (“situated” ) Fuzzy Conceptions (Alternative
conceptions) Meaningful
Cognitive network: Schema Illustrated through concept maps
Includes “misconceptions”
Novak, 2002
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Constructivist Constructivist terminologyterminology
Proposition – A statement identifying the relationship between concepts
Consider:Flowers have pistils.Flowers are part of plants. Dogs have legs.Water flows down hill.
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Prior KnowledgePrior Knowledge
Pyrrhuloxia
Oxygen
Food
Animal
Bird
FishReproduce
Trout
NeedsNeeds
NeedsNeeds
CanCanMay be May be aa
May be May be aa
May be May be aa
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Concept MapsConcept Maps
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MisconceptionsMisconceptionsExamples:
Seasons
Condensation
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MisconceptionsMisconceptions Constructed from experience, “prior
knowledge” Rational (make sense) Useful Common and typical Stable and resistant to change