Learning GoalsLearning Goals

The students will understand the The students will understand the concept of twin territories, how the concept of twin territories, how the Jim Crow Laws affected the “twin Jim Crow Laws affected the “twin territories”, the concept of territories”, the concept of prohibition and how Oklahoma prohibition and how Oklahoma became a state.became a state.

The Hamilton BillThe Hamilton Bill Known as the Oklahoma Enabling Act Known as the Oklahoma Enabling Act

passed on June 16, 1906 providing for the passed on June 16, 1906 providing for the creation of a single state combining the creation of a single state combining the territories.territories.

The series of events which had begun with The series of events which had begun with the Indian Removal; Act of 1830 had finally the Indian Removal; Act of 1830 had finally achieved the aims of many of the early achieved the aims of many of the early white leaders. The Indian Nations no longer white leaders. The Indian Nations no longer existed.existed.

Indians were going to be made a part of Indians were going to be made a part of American society.American society.

The Oklahoma Enabling Act was passed by The Oklahoma Enabling Act was passed by voters on November 6, 1906voters on November 6, 1906

E.P. McCabe and the black E.P. McCabe and the black statestate

E.P. McCabe, founder of E.P. McCabe, founder of Langston, continued to Langston, continued to believe the only was for believe the only was for African-Americans to African-Americans to achieve political power was achieve political power was to become a voting to become a voting majority – that is to have majority – that is to have the largest voting aged the largest voting aged group in a given area. In group in a given area. In this case the area was this case the area was Oklahoma Territory.Oklahoma Territory.

McCabe hoped to make McCabe hoped to make Oklahoma an African Oklahoma an African American State.American State.

On November 16th 1907,Oklahoma became the

46th state of the United States.

How did Oklahoma become a state?

Oklahoma started out as TWO territories!

Before new lands are added to the United States,

they spend a few years being a “territory.”

The next map shows all fifty states as they joined the union

over one hundred years of our nation’s growing ….

Map of all 50 states’ admission Map of all 50 states’ admission to the United States…to the United States…

The United States Congress admits new states

to the union- after the citizens living there

have decided that is what they want.

First, state leaders gather together at a convention (meeting) to write a state

constitution.

All states have their own constitution- an agreement

of how their government will be run.

Oklahoma Constitutional Convention

And that is just what the people in Oklahoma did.

Only there were TWO groups of people

who wanted to join the United States!

In 1905, leaders of many Indian tribes

met together to ask for statehood.

They wanted to join their lands together into a state, named after the Cherokee leader, Sequoyah.

State of Sequoyah

Another group of people met in Oklahoma City to ask for statehood for the western areas. They would call their

state Oklahoma.

State of Oklahoma

But Congress would not approve either group’s request. The TWO territories were asked to work together and find a way

to create ONE state.

So, leaders from Indian Territory and

Oklahoma Territory met together to write a constitution for

one state.

They agreed to call the state “Oklahoma.”

The capital

was located in the center

of the state in the town of Guthrie.

And the people from both And the people from both territories territories voted voted ““YESYES” ”

to the joining of TWO territories to the joining of TWO territories together.together.

One year later, Congress admitted Oklahoma as the 46th state.

President Theodore Roosevelt signed the law making Oklahoma a state!

President Roosevelt signed the statehood proclamation on the morning of November 16, 1907.

A White House telegraph was sent to Guthrie the minute the President signed the proclamation!

A crowd was already waiting in the streets to celebrate.

People cheered, men fired pistols into the air, and bands played.

The people had already held an election days before to choose their first Governor, Charles Haskell.

"I do solemnly swear that I will support, obey, and defend the Constitution of the United States and the Constitution of the State of Oklahoma as

Governor of the State of Oklahoma."

As part of the ceremony,

a pretend wedding was held between a man who stood

for Oklahoma Territory

and a woman who stood for

Indian Territory.

The statue in The statue in front of the front of the Oklahoma Oklahoma Territorial Territorial Museum Museum represents the represents the marriage marriage between a between a women who women who stood for the stood for the Indian territory Indian territory and a man who and a man who stood for the stood for the Oklahoma Oklahoma Territory.Territory.

A minister of a A minister of a nearby church nearby church ““marriedmarried” the ” the two territories two territories into into ONEONE state- state-

Oklahoma!Oklahoma!

Jim CrowismJim Crowism Although President Roosevelt had previously Although President Roosevelt had previously

asked that “Jim Crow” laws not be included asked that “Jim Crow” laws not be included in the Constitution he approved the in the Constitution he approved the document and proclaimed Oklahoma to be a document and proclaimed Oklahoma to be a state on November 16, 1907.state on November 16, 1907.

““Jim Crow” laws are ones in which segregate Jim Crow” laws are ones in which segregate or discriminate against African Americansor discriminate against African Americans

Regardless of the Jim Crowism of the new Regardless of the Jim Crowism of the new Constitution the document was considered Constitution the document was considered quite progressive in 1907. It provided for an quite progressive in 1907. It provided for an eight hour work day for government eight hour work day for government employees and miners, and it allowed employees and miners, and it allowed women to vote in school elections.women to vote in school elections.

Chapter 16 Section 1• 1.) Name the two territories that were being

combined to form the State of Oklahoma?• _________________________________________

• 2.) Who was elected president of the Oklahoma Constitutional Convention?

• a.) G.W. Steele• b.) Charles Haskell• c.) William Murray

• 3.) E.P. McCabe was the founder of what town?• a.) Guthrie • b.) Langston• c.) Oklahoma City

• 4.) What act combined the two “twin” territories into one state?

• a.) Organic Act known as the Hamilton Bill• b.) Dawes Act known as the Hamilton Bill• c.) Oklahoma Enabling Act known as the

Hamilton Bill

• 5.) What laws allowed for segregation and stated that “separate but equal” was legal?

• a.) Indian territory laws• b.) Jim Crow Laws• c.) Hamilton Bill Laws

• 6.) Who was president when Oklahoma became a state?

• a.) Theodore Roosevelt• b.) Franklin Roosevelt• c.) Thomas Jefferson

• 7.) What date did Oklahoma become a state?• a.) December 16, 1907• b.) November 16, 1907• c.) September 16, 1907

• 8.) What was prohibition?• a.) Prohibiting and segregating African Americans

from the white community• b.) Prohibiting and segregating Native Americans

from the white community• c.) The banning of the transport, sale,

consumption or distribution of alcohol

• 9.) Oklahoma was the ________ state to join the Union?

• a.) the 46th• b.) the 50th• c.) the 52nd

• 10.) What does the statue in front of the Territorial Museum represent?

• a.) The union between the two territories• b.) The military defeat of the Indian Territory• c.) The success of the land rushes in Oklahoma

territory

Chapter 16 Section 1• 1.) Name the two territories that

were being combined to form the State of Oklahoma?

• _______________________________

• 2.) Who was elected president of the Oklahoma Constitutional Convention and why?

• 3.) Name two goals of E.P McCabe?

• 4.) Describe Oklahoma Enabling Act?

• 5.) Describe the Jim Crow Laws.

• 6.) E.P. McCabe became the founder of what city?

• 7.) What date did Oklahoma become a state?

• 8.) What was prohibition?

• 9.) Describe Oklahoma’s admission as a state in accordance with the Jim Crow Laws.

• 10.) What is the statue in front of the Territorial Museum a representation of?