Gadis Aulia Sukmanagara (1003536)

Latifah Nurhadjah (1003518)

Lian Yulianti (1003537)

Sherly Marcelina (1003516)

Siti Nurdianti Solihat (1003500)

Group 9

LEARNING APPROACH and LEARNING MODELS

The means of approach , “as process, act, or how to approach something.” (Depdikbud, 1990: 180).

The means of learning by Sukintaka (2004: 55) that, “"implies learning, how teachers teach something to students, but in beside it also happened events how students learn".

So that, learning approach is a way of working that have a system to make easy the implementation of learning process and make students learn to useful in achieving the goals set.

There are two types of learning into:

1. Student centered approach.

2. Teacher centered approach.

Student Centered ApproachStudent Centered Approach

Student Centered Approach (SCA) is approach based on the view that teaching is considered as the process set the environment with the expectation that students learn.

Characteristics SCA

1. Teacher as facilitator

2. Student as learn subject

3. The learning process takes place where it

4. Achievement-oriented learning

Teacher Centered Approach

Teacher Centered Approach (TCA) is a learning approach based on the view that teaching is to instill the knowledge and skills.

Characteristics TCA

1. Teacher-centered approach, teachers make all the decisions.

2. Students are placed as the object of study.

3. Learning activities occur in a particular place and time.

4. The main objective of teaching is mastery of subject matter.

Learning approaches used by teachers are:

1. The concept of approach and Process Approach a. The concept approach b. process Approach

2. Inductive Approach and Deductive Approach a. Deductive approach b. Inductive approach

3. Expository approach and heuristic approacha. expository approachb. heuristic approach

4. contextual approach

The Concept Approach

The concept approach that directly presents the concept without giving an opportunity for students to appreciate how the concept was obtained.

Process Approach

Process approach is an approach to teaching gives students the chance to go live the process of the invention or the preparation of a concept as a process of skills.

Deductive Approach

Deductive approach is characterized by the exposure of concepts, definitions and terms in the early part of learning.

Inductive Approach

The main feature of the inductive approach in information processing is to use data to construct the concept or to gain understanding.

Expository approach

This approach departed from the view that the behavior of the class and dissemination of knowledge controlled by the teacher or teachers. Teaching the essence of this view is to deliver knowledge to students.

Heuristic approach

Heuristic approach is a teaching approach that presents a number of data and students are asked to make inferences using such data.

Contextual approach

Contextual Teaching and Learning is a concept which helps teachers learn to links between material taught to the students real-world situations

Learning Model

Learning model is defined as a systematic procedure in organizing learning experiences to achieve learning objectives. Can also mean an approach that is used in learning activities.

Types of Learning Model

A. Learning Model Based on Theory

1. Social Interaction Model2. Information Processing Model3. Personal Model4. Behavior Modification Model (Behavioral)5. Contextual Learning Model

B. Quantum Learning Model

Quantum model of teaching is the learning model used in the presentation of the study design that are strung together into a package that is multisensory, multi intelligence, and is compatible with the brain, including specific instructions to create an effective learning environment, curriculum design, deliver content and facilitate the learning process

C. Active Learning Model

Active learning is a term that underlies some of the learning model that focuses on the responsibility of the student learning process.

D. PAIKEM Learning Model

According Tarmizi (2009) learning is an acronym for Active, Innovative, Creative, Effective and Fun.

E. Learning Model Lesson Study

Director General for Quality Improvement of Teachers and Education Personnel (PMPTK) suggested that Lesson Study is a professional educator development through collective assessment and continuous learning.

ANY QUESTIONS ?