Learning and Memorizing

Umm-e-Rooman Yaqoob

Definition:

It is a natural process . It is an essential process in our daily life .

The main purpose of learning is to be successful in life.

Memorize is to learn something by heart.

Steps/Process:

Information enter to brain from different sources i.e. from reading and from listening .

We read something to store in our memory but sometimes it is discarded .

Transfer of information from short term memory to long term memory .

Memory:

Memory is the process in which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved.Memory travels through two stages: Short term memory Long term memory

Short term memory:

Short-term memory allows recall for a period of several seconds to a minute without rehearsal.

Memory is stored just for a little time. Recalling is lesser that’s why memory

is lost .

Long term memory: Long-term memory can store much

larger quantities of information for potentially unlimited duration .

Memory here is stored forever . Memory is easily recalled . Hundred and thousands facts of life are

stored . If memory from short term is passed to

long term then it becomes permanent . Stay in mind for the whole life .

How do short term memory works:

It is very limited on both capacity and length of time .

Memory is either lost or move to long term memory .

Some researchers think that memory is a chemical process it is done automatically .

How short term memory is transferred to long term memory:

Rehearsal:Helps to transfer memory from short term to long term e.g. drama practice . Combine together:Connecting things with each other also helps to remember them for long .

Forms of learning:

Repetition Organization Connection to something Listening carefully Making notes Rehearsal Writing it down

Quality of memory: Chemical process:Memory transfer is a chemical process it is done automatically. Learning:Learning is a type of filing to store different information. If we will do the work thoroughly and effectively it will be stored well . Interference:It some times block learning e.g. same names with surnames .

Forgetting and faulty memory:

Loss of information stored in our memory. Sometimes we learn and store it in our

memory but it is lost. It can be because of some slight disturbance. Psychologists says that it occurs that when

memory is moving from short term to long term we do not give importance so it is lost from there.

Many people forget after learning due to not recalling it to move it from short term to long term memory.

Techniques to slow down forgetting:

Identify what to learn. Pick out what is important. Learn it in the most effective way . Learn through mnemonics. Note-taking. Association of ideas. Space studying. Underlining / Highlighting.

How to avoid forgetting:

Retention. Recalling. Repetition. Rehearsal. Learning.