LeadershipLeadershipAsian American & Pacific Islander Advisory Asian American & Pacific Islander Advisory

Council ConferenceCouncil ConferenceFebruary 15-17, 2005February 15-17, 2005

Frank Clearfield, Ph.D.Frank Clearfield, Ph.D.

Social Sciences Team Leader Social Sciences Team Leader

USDA - Natural Resources Conservation USDA - Natural Resources Conservation Service, Greensboro, NCService, Greensboro, NC

OutlineOutline

1. Discuss culture and leadership characteristics

2. Self assess your leadership traits

3. Identify skills of successful leaders

Goal of the workshop: Goal of the workshop:

• For participants to leave with a better understanding of: leadership cultural influences Some of your personal

characteristics

Your role in this workshop:Your role in this workshop:

• Be honest

• Be open

• Be polite

• Be enthusiastic

• Be engaged

My Role:My Role:

• Workshop facilitator, serve as a guide to assist you

• Follow adult learning principles

• Provide you with materials on leadership

My Background:My Background:

• Background• Education• Leadership positions

Exercise – Focus on You!Exercise – Focus on You!

My partner’s leadership My partner’s leadership characteristics are:characteristics are:

• Word file

1. Culture and leadership 1. Culture and leadership characteristicscharacteristics

U.S. Population TrendsU.S. Population Trends

• 10% of the U.S. population were born in a different country & 43% of those are Latinos

• By 2020, immigrants & children of foreign or mixed parentage will account for almost 25% of the U.S. population

• By 2022, the minority population will be 40% of the general population

• By 2050, Whites will be the minority

Asian American & Pacific Islander Asian American & Pacific Islander PopulationPopulation

• 2000 U.S. Census shows Asian American/Pacific Islander Population equals 3.6 percent of overall population

7,179

2,846

581379 294132 62 34 226 940

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

White Afr-Am Hispanic Asian/PI Am Ind

MaleFemale

NRCS Work Force, FY 2002

0.8%

What is Culture?What is Culture?

(a) the integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief, and behavior that depends upon man's capacity for learning and transmitting knowledge to succeeding generations

(b) the customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group

(c) the set of shared attitudes, values, goals, and practices that characterizes a company or corporation

*According to Webster Dictionary*According to Webster Dictionary

What is a Leader?What is a Leader?

(a) person who directs a military force or unit (b) person who has commanding authority or

influence (c) (1) principal officer of a British political party

(2) party member chosen to manage party activities in a legislative body (3) such a party member presiding over the whole legislative body when the party constitutes a majority

(d) a first or principal performer of a group

*According to Webster Dictionary*According to Webster Dictionary

What is Leadership?What is Leadership?

(a) the office or position of a leader(b) capacity to lead(c) the act or an instance of leading

*According to Webster Dictionary*According to Webster Dictionary

Other aspects of leadershipOther aspects of leadership

• Leadership is dynamic relationship between leader and follower

• Situational leaders

• Leadership can be based on tradition

• Charismatic leadership

“Leaders are made, they are not born; and they are made just like anything else has ever been made in this country - by hard work.”Vince Lombardi, football coach of the Green Bay Packers football

team.

“Good advice, whomever it comes from, depends on the shrewdness of the prince who seeks it.”

Niccolo Machiavelli

• “According to an old story, a lord of ancient China once asked his physician, a member of a family of healers, which physician was the most skilled in the art. The physician, whose name was synonymous with medical science in China, replied, ‘My eldest brother sees the spirit of sickness and removes it before it takes shape, so his name does not get out of the house. My elder brother cures sickness when it is still extremely minute, so his name does not get out of the neighborhood. As for me, I puncture veins, prescribe potions, and massage skin, so from time to time my name gets out and is heard among the lords.’”Thomas Cleary, translator of the book, The Art of War by Sun Tzu, states this is the essence of the book.

• “TQM’s emphasis is not on how to handle crises but how to avert them in the first place.”Seven Quality Secrets that Will Change Your Life, by John Woods and James Cortada

• “Leadership is a matter of intelligence, trustworthiness, humaneness, courage, and sternness.” Sun Tzu, Art of War

“Despite an immense amount of research, managers and researchers still know virtually nothing about the essence of leadership, about why some people follow and others lead. Leadership remains a mysterious chemistry; catchall words such as charisma proclaim our ignorance.”

Mintzberg on Management: inside our Strange World of Organizations, Henry Mintzberg, 1989

Evolving Models of Leadership*Evolving Models of Leadership*

Ancient Traditional Modern Future

Idea of Leadership

Domination Influence Common goals

Reciprocal relations

Action of Leadership

Commanding followers

Motivating followers

Creating inner commitment

Mutual meaning making

Focus of leadership development

Power Interpersonal skills

Self knowledge

Interactions of group

* Source: Handbook of Leadership Development, Center for Creative Leadership

What is the culture of USDA in What is the culture of USDA in relation to leadership?relation to leadership?(c) the set of shared attitudes, values, goals, and

practices that characterizes a company or corporation

(Word file)

Exercise – Cultural OrientationExercise – Cultural Orientation

1. USDA culture

2. Your heritage

3. Your family culture

4. Your own values

What are some obstacles Asian Americans face in What are some obstacles Asian Americans face in attaining leadership positions in USDA?attaining leadership positions in USDA?

• Word file

What are some obstacles minorities and women What are some obstacles minorities and women face in attaining leadership positions?face in attaining leadership positions?

• Prejudice• Poor Career Opportunities• Outsider Status• Lack Organizational Savvy• Comfort Dealing with One’s Own Group• Difficult Balancing Career and Family• Difficult Managing Multiple Identities• Difficult To Fit In

SummarySummary

• Population’s change

• Aspects of culture changes

• Organizational culture’s change

• Aspects of your own personal culture change

• Concepts of leadership change

What are we looking at?What are we looking at?

2. Self Assessments of 2. Self Assessments of LeadershipLeadership

Two InstrumentsTwo Instruments

(1) Leadership Assessment Instrument

(2) Dimensions of Leadership Profile

Assumptions about these instruments and Assumptions about these instruments and about leadershipabout leadership

• No right or wrong answers

• We are not all leaders nor do we all need to be

• Some people are better at some things than others

• Team members play different roles

• There are multiple dimensions of leadership

Leadership Assessment Leadership Assessment InstrumentInstrument• Rates user on five

dimensions

• http://www.ssi.nrcs.usda.gov/

• Internet version also provides hyperlinks Books, Articles

• Leader-in-you Tapes, NEDC, Ft Worth, TX

Leadership DimensionsLeadership Dimensions

• Drive • Emotional Intelligence• Building Trust• Conceptual Thinking • Systems Thinking

Next InstrumentNext Instrument

Dimensions of Leadership Profile

Dimensions of Leadership ProfileDimensions of Leadership Profile

• Point of ViewYourself as a leaderSomeone else as a leaderLeadership needs of a situation

3. Skills of Successful 3. Skills of Successful LeadersLeaders

What are some differences What are some differences between a manager and a leader?between a manager and a leader?• Word file

What are some differences What are some differences between a manager and a leader?between a manager and a leader?• Process oriented• Protects self• Approaches decisions

cautiously• Career oriented• Listens selectively• Avoids conflict• Unclear regarding

trust

• Vision oriented• Protects staff• Approaches decisions

actively• Staff oriented• Listens actively• Deals with conflict• Trusted

What are some characteristics of What are some characteristics of leadership?leadership?• Honest/Integrity • Consistent• Open• Accountable • Transparent • Responsible • Sensitive • Connected to the Community • Knowledge • Wisdom • Social Skills

Some areas we can or have Some areas we can or have generally addressedgenerally addressed• Social Skills

Listening (and questioning) skillsDealing with conflictDealing with difficult peopleCoordinating & conducting meetingsForming effective teamsEstablishing trust through consistencySensitivity to other culturesCreating teamsEstablishing networks

What are the characteristics of good What are the characteristics of good and bad listeners (questioners)?and bad listeners (questioners)?

• Word file

Running effective meetingsRunning effective meetings

• Don’t have a meeting unless you have a clear goal & agenda

• Stay on topic, reduce floor time of big talkers• Make sure everyone participates• Let the group step up, if they falter, offer ideas• Don’t get hung up, table topics• Agree by consensus (preferred) or by majority• Listen & deal with dissenting opinions• Quickly distribute meeting results • Agree on action items with names and times• Follow up on action items

You’re late!Managing ConflictManaging Conflict

• Exercise (word file)

Time

Sheet

Who should make up your team? Who should make up your team?

• Higher up’s (sponsors)

• Doers

• Outspoken idea people

• Good reputation

• Smart people

• Diverse folks

SummarySummary

• We discuss culture and related leadership characteristics

• You assessed some of your leadership traits

• We discussed leadership skills such as listening, conducting meetings, conflict management, and teams

Questions?Questions?

• Contact information336-370-3336 frank.clearfield@gnb.

usda.govhttp://www.ssi.nrcs.us

da.gov/

Mahalo Nui Loa