LEADERSHIPLEADERSHIP

and the contrast withand the contrast with MANAGEMENT.MANAGEMENT.

TaskTask In pairs, take 5 minutes to answer In pairs, take 5 minutes to answer

these questions:these questions: What is an organisation? What is an organisation? What is management?What is management? Why do we have managers?Why do we have managers?

AnswersAnswers What is an organisation?What is an organisation? A social arrangement for achieving controlled A social arrangement for achieving controlled

performance towards goals that create valueperformance towards goals that create value What is management?What is management? Getting things done with the aid of people Getting things done with the aid of people

and other resourcesand other resources Why do we have managers?Why do we have managers? To get things done with the aid of people and To get things done with the aid of people and

other resourcesother resources

Management isManagement is The efficient, effective and economic The efficient, effective and economic

use of resources to achieve results use of resources to achieve results with and through the efforts of other with and through the efforts of other people.people.

OrOrManagement is the process of Management is the process of working with and through others to working with and through others to achieve organisational objectives in a achieve organisational objectives in a changing environment.changing environment.

5 components5 components 1. Working with and through others1. Working with and through others 2. Achieving organisational objectives2. Achieving organisational objectives 3. Balancing effectiveness and 3. Balancing effectiveness and

efficiencyefficiency 4. Making the most of limited 4. Making the most of limited

resourcesresources 5. Coping with a changing environment5. Coping with a changing environment

Managing Organisation and Managing Organisation and environment environment

Functions of organizationsFunctions of organizations Create value, wealth and human Create value, wealth and human

well-beingwell-being Articulate and implement idealsArticulate and implement ideals Gain power to protect and promote Gain power to protect and promote

sectional interestssectional interests Give people work, status and social Give people work, status and social

contact, contact, Enrich directors and senior managers Enrich directors and senior managers

The modern manager?The modern manager? Boss to team leaderBoss to team leader DiversityDiversity More concern with ethics and environmentMore concern with ethics and environment Control through knowledge not ‘carrot and Control through knowledge not ‘carrot and

stick’ stick’ Individual to teamIndividual to team Competition to co-operationCompetition to co-operation Single knowledge to lifelong learner Single knowledge to lifelong learner Risk averse to opportunity seekingRisk averse to opportunity seeking Conflict avoiding to pro-active planningConflict avoiding to pro-active planning Information hoarding to information sharingInformation hoarding to information sharing

Task: Experience of ManagersTask: Experience of Managers Take 5 minutes in larger groups, say Take 5 minutes in larger groups, say

5, to talk about:5, to talk about: Your experiences of being managedYour experiences of being managed What a good and bad manager is like What a good and bad manager is like

The Problem manager?The Problem manager? Problems with interpersonal Problems with interpersonal

relationshipsrelationships Failure to meet business objectivesFailure to meet business objectives Failure to build and lead a teamFailure to build and lead a team Inability to change and adapt during Inability to change and adapt during

a transition.a transition.

Leadership vs ManagementLeadership vs Management Leadership –is about coping with Leadership –is about coping with

change – by establishing vision, by change – by establishing vision, by communicating this vision and communicating this vision and inspiring, by aligning people to pursue inspiring, by aligning people to pursue that visionthat vision

Management – is about coping with Management – is about coping with complexity, bringing about order, complexity, bringing about order, drawing up plans, designing drawing up plans, designing structures, monitoring resultsstructures, monitoring results

It would seem an over-simplification to:It would seem an over-simplification to: Treat the terms ‘leader’ and Treat the terms ‘leader’ and

‘manager’ as meaning the same ‘manager’ as meaning the same thingthing

Leadership is…Leadership is…

‘the creation of a vision about a desired future state which seeks to enmesh all members of an organisation in its net’ (Bryman (1986)

Management, on the other hand:Management, on the other hand:

…‘tends to involve a pre-occupation with the here-and-now of goal attainment’ (Bryman, !986)

The classic contrast:The classic contrast:

The manager:The manager:As operatorAs operatorAs technicianAs technicianAs fixerAs fixerAs problem solverAs problem solver

The leader:The leader:As visionaryAs visionaryAs prophetAs prophetAs catalystAs catalystAs mover-shakerAs mover-shaker

Managers vs LeadersManagers vs LeadersPersonal qualitiesPersonal qualities 1.1. persistence persistence 2.2. analytical analytical 3.3. tolerance tolerance 4.4. impersonal attitude impersonal attitude

to goals to goals 5.5. view work as an view work as an

enabling process enabling process 6.6. work with people, work with people,

avoid solitary activity avoid solitary activity 7.7. self-worth enhanced self-worth enhanced

by perpetuating / by perpetuating / strengthening strengthening

Personal qualitiesPersonal qualities 1.1. shapers, proactive not shapers, proactive not

reactive reactive 2.2. seeks risks seeks risks 3.3. leaders tend to evoke leaders tend to evoke

strong feelings in strong feelings in people people

4.4. feelings occur feelings occur separately from separately from environment environment

5.5. can confront and can confront and tolerate aggressive tolerate aggressive interchange interchange

Leader vs ManagerLeader vs Manager VisionaryVisionary RationalRational PassionatePassionate ConsultingConsulting CreativeCreative PersistentPersistent FlexibleFlexible Problem solvingProblem solving InspiringInspiring Tough-mindedTough-minded InnovativeInnovative AnalyticalAnalytical CourageousCourageous StructuredStructured ImaginativeImaginative DeliberateDeliberate ExperimentalExperimental AuthoritativeAuthoritative IndependentIndependent StabilisingStabilising Shares knowledgeShares knowledge Centralises knowledgeCentralises knowledge

The demand for better The demand for better LeadershipLeadership

  Four contributors:Four contributors:  • The increased rate of change – faced The increased rate of change – faced

by all businessesby all businesses• The requirement for every individual to The requirement for every individual to

become more effectivebecome more effective• The growth of project-based, and The growth of project-based, and

therefore team based workingtherefore team based working• The perceived behaviour of some high The perceived behaviour of some high

profile leadersprofile leaders