launched: 31st may 1911 total lost: 1,502 (68%) passengers lost: 818 (62%) crew lost: 684 (77%)...
TRANSCRIPT
Launched: 31st May 1911 Total Lost: 1,502 (68%)
Passengers Lost: 818 (62%) Crew Lost: 684 (77%)
TITANIC
WHY did soooo many die as they awaited rescue in the North Sea?
WHY did soooo many die as they awaited rescue in the North Sea? HINT: THE NORTH
SEA IS COLD!!!!!
Function of Cellular Respiration…harvesting the harvesting the energyenergy of food of food
for ATP for ATP synthesis… so the synthesis… so the cells have energy cells have energy
for workfor work
WHAT if there is WHAT if there is NO NO electronegativeelectronegative oxygenoxygen to pull to pull electrons electrons down the chain???? down the chain???? Oxidative phosporylation Oxidative phosporylation
STOPS!STOPS!GAAAAK!!!!
Pyruvate
Glucose
CYTOSOL
No O2 presentFermentation
Ethanolor
lactate
Acetyl CoA
MITOCHONDRION
O2 present Cellular respiration
Citricacidcycle
FermentationFermentation - -
the synthesis of ATP the synthesis of ATP
via. glycolysis via. glycolysis ONLYONLY in the in the absence of oxygenabsence of oxygen
Alcohol fermentation is done by yeast and some kinds of bacteria.
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
yeast / bacteria.
The waste products of this process are ethanol and carbon dioxide (CO2).
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
yeast / bacteria.
The waste products of this process are ethanol and carbon dioxide (CO2).
Humans have long taken advantage of this process in making bread, beer, and wine.
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Alcohol Fermentation -Alcohol Fermentation -
+ 2 H+
2 NADH2 NAD+
2 ATP2 ADP + 2 P
2 Pyruvate
2
2 Lactate
Lactic acid fermentation
Glucose Glycolysis
+ 2 H+
2 NADH2 NAD+
2 ATP2 ADP + 2 P
2 Pyruvate
2
2 Lactate
Lactic acid fermentation
Glucose Glycolysis
Carboxyl Carboxyl (X2)(X2) to CO to CO2 2 (X2)(X2) - -
+ 2 H+
2 NADH2 NAD+
2 ATP2 ADP + 2 P
2 Pyruvate
2
2 Lactate
Lactic acid fermentation
Glucose Glycolysis
Acetaldehyde produced (Acetaldehyde produced (X2)X2) --
+ 2 H+
2 NADH2 NAD+
2 ATP2 ADP + 2 P
2 Pyruvate
2
2 Lactate
Lactic acid fermentation
Glucose Glycolysis
Acetaldehyde (Acetaldehyde (X2)X2) REDUCEDREDUCED --
+ 2 H+
2 NADH2 NAD+
2 ATP2 ADP + 2 P
2 Pyruvate
2
2 Lactate
Lactic acid fermentation
Glucose Glycolysis
Ethanol Produced (Ethanol Produced (X2)X2) - -
Alcohol Fermentation -Alcohol Fermentation -
+ 2 H+
2 NADH2 NAD+
2 ATP2 ADP + 2 P
2 Pyruvate
2
2 Lactate
Lactic acid fermentation
Glucose Glycolysis
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
FermentationFermentation - - after glycolysis after glycolysis
(no O(no O2 2 available)available)Lactic acid fermentation is done by some fungi, some bacteria like in yogurt, and sometimes by our muscles.
FermentationFermentation - - after glycolysis after glycolysis
(no O(no O2 2 available)available)Lactic acid fermentation is done by some fungi, some bacteria like in yogurt, and sometimes by our muscles.
Normally our muscles do cellular respiration like the rest of our bodies, using O2 supplied by our lungs and blood. However, under greater exertion when the oxygen supplied by the lungs and blood system can’t get there fast enough to keep up with the muscles’ needs, our muscles can switch over and do lactic acid fermentation. In the process of lactic acid fermentation, the 3-carbon pyruvic acid molecules are turned into lactic acid.
LacticLactic AcidAcid FermentationFermentation --
+ 2 H+
2 NADH2 NAD+
2 ATP2 ADP + 2 P
2 Pyruvate
2 Lactate
Lactic acid fermentation
Glucose Glycolysis
Pyruvate (Pyruvate (X2)X2) reduced by reduced by NADH-NADH-
+ 2 H+
2 NADH2 NAD+
2 ATP2 ADP + 2 P
2 Pyruvate
2 Lactate
Lactic acid fermentation
Glucose Glycolysis
Lactate (Lactate (X2) formedX2) formed - -
+ 2 H+
2 NADH2 NAD+
2 ATP2 ADP + 2 P
2 Pyruvate
2 Lactate
Lactic acid fermentation
Glucose Glycolysis
FermentationFermentation - -
+ 2 H+
2 NADH2 NAD+
2 ATP2 ADP + 2 P
2 Pyruvate
2 Lactate
Lactic acid fermentation
Glucose Glycolysis
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
FermentationFermentation - - extension of extension of
glycolysisglycolysisAnaerobic catabolism of organic molecules.•Yields only 2 ATP’s
•Electrons are transferred from NADH to pyruvate (not the e- transport chain)
Figure 9.18 Pyruvate as a key juncture in catabolism
aerobiaerobicc
anaerobic
FermentatiFermentationon
no oxygen
3.5bya
