LAUNCH OF THE PERSPECTIVES

ON GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT 2012

- SOCIAL COHESION IN A SHIFTING WORLD -

CENTRE DEDÉVELOPPEMENT CENTRE

DEVELOPMENT

LAUNCH OF THE PERSPECTIVES

ON GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT 2012

- SOCIAL COHESION IN A SHIFTING WORLD -

Co-organised by the OECD Development Centre and the Club de Madrid

At OECD Headquarters, Paris, France On 21 November 2011

With the financial support of:

Fundación Internacional y para Iberoamérica de Administración y Políticas Públicas

And

the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)

Social cohesion and development in a new global economic context

The economic developments of the last two decades characterized by a major realignment of the global economy towards emerging and developing countries – a phenomenon called “Shifting Wealth” – offer new wealth and opportunities to improve not only economic but also social and political outcomes. Recent events such as the Arab spring revolutions, labour disputes in China, and trade unionists’ street protests in India highlight people’s aspirations to go beyond economic performance and to grasp these opportunities to create the conditions for more inclusive growth and cohesive societies.

Rapid growth in emerging and developing countries has lifted millions of people out of poverty, but is also associated with persisting vulnerability and high inequalities putting social cohesion under threat and risking undermining long-term development prospects. This situation calls for an examination of development paradigms and the policy options to foster more equal, shared and cohesive societies.

The OECD Development Centre in collaboration with the Club de Madrid aims to contribute to the international dialogue on progress by examining the role of social cohesion in development and proposing new policy solutions to promote social cohesion in a shifting world.

The OECD Perspectives on Global Development 2012 – Social Cohesion in a Shifting World

The OECD Perspectives on Global Development (PGD) identifies, analyses and provides workable policy solutions for a pressing global development challenge. Having focused on major macroeconomic changes occurring in the world economy – the “Shifting Wealth” - in 2010, the PGD report now turns to the challenge of building more cohesive societies in the new global context.

The launch of the Perspectives on Global Development 2012 is a joint initiative between the OECD Development Centre and the Club de Madrid. It has been made possible thanks to the financial support of Fundación Internacional y para Iberoamérica de Administración y Políticas Públicas (FIIAPP) and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ).

Through the Shared Societies initiative, the Members of the Club de Madrid – former Heads of State and Government – contribute to the policy dialogue towards reinforcing social cohesion. The Shared Societies Project is a global effort to provide leaders with greater understanding of the benefits of social cohesion; practical ideas and approaches on how to achieve a shared society; and encouragement and support as they advance towards that goal. The project is designed in the belief that societies are most likely to be peaceful, democratic and prosperous when leaders and citizens recognize the value of diversity and actively build a shared society.

11:00 – 11:30 Opening remarks

Pier Carlo PADOAN, Deputy Secretary-General and Chief Economist, OECD

Wim KOK, former Prime Minister of the Netherlands and President of Club de Madrid

11:30 – 13:30 Session 1 – Presentation of the Perspectives on Global Development 2012

Moderator: Clem McCartney, Policy and Content Coordinator, The Shared Societies Project, Club de Madrid

SpeakersPresentation of the Perspectives on Global Development 2012: Social Cohesion in a Shifting World by Mario PEZZINI, Director, OECD Development Centre

Alan HIRSCH, Deputy Director General, Economic Policy, Department of Monitoring and Evaluation, Presidency of South Africa

François BOURGUIGNON, Director, Paris School of Economics

Ricardo LAGOS, former President of Chile and member of Club de Madrid

13:30 - 15:00 Lunch (room G. Marshall)

Agenda

15:00 - 17:00 Session 2 – Experiences and good practices in overcoming resistance in public policy making towards reinforcing social cohesion and Shared Societies

Which policy reforms for strengthening social cohesion?What are the conditions and bottlenecks for policy implementation?

What are the lessons to draw from past successes and failures?

The second session will take the form of a working group and will be dedicated to the sharing of experiences and the exchange of good practices in public policy making for fostering social cohesion. It will gather policy makers and experts who will analyse the challenges facing governments and the reforms required to meet these challenges. A particular attention will be given to bottlenecks and conditions for good policies to emerge.

Moderator: Owen Fairclough, Business Editor, France 24

Panel discussion

Wim KOK, former Prime Minister of the Netherlands and President of Club de Madrid

Sarah COOK, Director, United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD)

António MASCARENHAS MONTEIRO, former President of Cape Verde and member of Club de Madrid

Ahmed LAHLIMI ALAMI, High Commissioner for Planning, Morocco

17:00 – 17:15 Concluding remarks

Carlos ALVAREZ, Deputy Director, OECD Development Centre

17:15 – 19:00 Cocktail (Atrium)

Carlos ALVAREZDeputy Director, OECD Development Centre

Carlos Alvarez has been Deputy Director of the Development Centre of the OECD since 2010. He has developed his professional career in the field of competitiveness and innovation policies, holding positions of highest responsibility for the Government of Chile, among them, Vice Minister of Economy (2004-2006) and Executive Vice-President of the National Economic Development Corporation – CORFO (2006-2010). From year 1990 he has served in different positions in the Chilean public sector, having played an important role in the design, implementation and management of the set of programs to support economic competitiveness that today exist in Chile.

He also held the post of Professor of Public Management and Strategic Planning at the Universidad de Chile. He has published several articles on public policies to foster economic development (ECLAC), Information Technologies (World Economic Forum) and institutional design. In 1995 he obtained the Joint Japan/ World Bank Graduate Scholarship (JJ/WBGSP).

He is Industrial Engineer of the University of Chile and holds a MSc in Economic Engineering from the same University (1990). He also obtained his Master in Public Administration at the John F. Kennedy School of Government (1995-Harvard University).

François BOURGUIGNONDirector, Paris School of Economics

François Bourguignon is the Director of the Paris School of Economics. Back in France in 2007, following four years as the Chief Economist and first Vice President of the World Bank in Washington, he has also returned to his former position of Professor of Economics at the EHESS (advanced school in Social Sciences). His work is both theoretical and empirical and principally aims at the distribution and the redistribution of revenue in developing and developed countries. He has taught throughout Universities worldwide. He has received, during the course of his career, a number of scientific distinctions. Through his experience, he is often sought for counsel to Governments and international organisations throughout the world.

He has authored and edited several books as well as numerous articles in leading international journals in economics. He obtained a Ph D. in Economics at the University of Western Ontario and a State Doctorate at the University of Orleans in France.

Biographies

Owen FAIRCLOUGHBusiness Editor, France 24

Owen Fairclough is the morning Business Editor for France 24, producing and presenting three live shows. He is a journalist with 13 years’ experience in print and television news. He has worked for the Press Association - the UK’s national newswire - as well as ITV and the BBC before moving to France 24 in Paris. Owen has covered some of the biggest news stories of recent years, including the 2008 US Presidential election as well as the current Eurozone crisis.

His specialties include business, economics and consumer news, newswires, outside broadcasting.

He holds a NCTJ Postgraduate Diploma in Newspaper Journalism and Media Law from the University of Central Lancashire (1998), and a B.A. in French and History from the University of Wales (1997).

Sarah COOKDirector, United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD)

Sarah Cook took up the position of Director of UNRISD in November 2009. She moved to UNRISD from the Institute of Development Studies (IDS) at the University of Sussex (UK), where she had been a Research Fellow since 1996. She also worked for the Ford Foundation as Programme Officer for Governance and Public Policy from 2000-05.

Her research has focused on the social and economic transformation of China, where she lived and worked for extended periods starting in the mid-1980s. Her research combines perspectives from her academic training in history, social policy and development economics, and has focused in particular on labour markets, employment and social welfare reforms in China. Sarah has also undertaken advisory and commissioned work for international organisations and donors including DFID, the World Bank, ADB, IDRC, and various UN agencies.

She received her PhD in Public Policy from Harvard University, a M.Sc. in Social Policy in Developing Countries from the London School of Economics and a B.A. in Modern History from Oxford University.

Wim KOKFormer Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1994-2002) and President of Club de Madrid

Wim Kok was Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 1994 to 2002 and he is currently President of the Club de Madrid. Since his retirement from active political life, he has taken a number of board positions in both listed companies and non-profit institutions.

In 2004, he advised the European Union on revitalising its growth and employment strategy by chairing the High Level Group on the Lisbon Strategy. Prior to this, he served as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance (1986-1994); and he was advisor to the President of the European Commission (1985-1986). Wim Kok became both a member of the Lower House of Parliament and the leader of the Labour Party (PvdA) in 1986. He has also been Deputy Chairman of the Socioeconomic Council (SER) and Chairman of the employees’ representatives in the Labour Foundation.

Wim Kok completed his studies at the Nijenrode Business School, the Netherlands (1958). He is the recipient of an Honorary degree from the Nyenrode University, Breukelen (the Netherlands); and an Honorary degree from the Westfälische Wilhelms Universität, Münster (Germany).

Alan HIRSCHDeputy Director General, Economic Policy, Department of Monitoring and Evaluation, Presidency of South Africa

Alan Hirsch is Deputy Director General in the Presidency of South Africa in charge of the Economic Policy. He currently monitors and evaluates economic policy implementation, represents the Presidency at the G20, and is co-chair the G20 Development Working Group. He is also a country director for the International Growth Centre, and he is a member of several boards, including until recently the Denel group board and the board of Trade and Industry Policy Strategies.

He joined the Department of Trade and Industry in 1995, and occupied several senior positions in industry and technology policy until joining the Policy Unit in the Presidency in 2002, as Chief Economist. He led the negotiations team for South Africa for its first World Bank loan in 1998, and led the first negotiations with the EU for a trade and development agreement, starting in 1994.

Alan Hirsch was educated in South Africa and the US, with degrees in Economics, Economic History and History at UCT, Wits and Columbia. He also trained at Georgetown University, and was a visiting scholar at the Harvard Business School. He has published widely on trade and industrial policy issues.

Ahmed LAHLIMI ALAMIHigh Commissioner for Planning, Morocco

Ahmed Lahlimi Alami has spent over 30 years as a senior public servant. Since 2003, as the Head of the High Commission of Planning, he is overseeing “Morocco 2030”, the review of how Morocco might look in 2030.

Prior to that, he was Minister of Social Economy, of SMEs and Craft Industry, in charge of the General Affairs of the Government (1998-2002); President of the Abderrahim Bouabid Foundation for Science and Culture (1996-1998); Secretary general of the Tourism Ministry in 1971, then of the Planning and Regional Development Department in 1973, and Deputy General Director of the Caisse Nationale du Crédit Agricole (CNCA) in 1974.

He retains international experience, having been Director of the General Secretariat of the Arabic-African Union (1985-1986) and working as Consultant for the Investment Centre of FAO, IDAF and the World Bank on development projects in several Arab and African countries from 1980 to 1992.

He obtained his master’s degree in economic geography from the University of Bordeaux in 1966.

Ricardo LAGOSFormer President of Chile (2000–06) and Former President of the Club de Madrid

Ricardo Lagos Escobar served as president of Chile from 2000 to 2006. He founded the Fundación Democracia y Desarrollo (Foundation for Democracy and Development) in 2006 and serves as its president.

He became Minister of Public Works (1994-1998), and in this position he created an innovative system of road projects involving the participation of the private sector. Ricardo Lagos was also appointed Minister of Education (1992-1993), initiating an educational reform intended to decentralize Chile’s educational system. From 1983 to 1984 he was President of the Alianza Demócrata (AD), a political force comprising the majority of democratic parties opposed to General Augusto Pinochet’s regime. Following the latter’s coup d’état in September of 1973, Ricardo Lagos was forced to move to Argentina and later to the United States, where he came back to become an economist for the United Nations’ Regional Employment Program for Latin America and the Caribbean (1978-1984).

He holds a degree in Law from the University of Chile (1960), and a PhD in Economics from Duke University in North Carolina, USA (1966).

Clem McCARTNEYPolicy and Content Coordinator, The Shared Societies Project, Club de Madrid

Dr. Clem McCartney is an independent research consultant on conflict and community issues. He is an associate of the Berghof Foundation for Peace Support and he is also an associate of Conciliation Resources (CR) in London. He maintains an interest in his home area, Northern Ireland, and helps with the conflict resolution activities of Quaker Peace and Social Witness, especially in South Asia.

His work with CR as a consultant to their Comparative Learning Project since 1997 has seen him provide ongoing support on many issues and regions, working in Colombia and the Philippines, and their Caucasus Programme. In the latter, he has been a co-facilitator for the Schlaining dialogue process between Georgian and Abkhaz politicians and civil society activists, jointly organized by CR and the Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management. His interests include how to create conditions for negotiations, dialogue processes and the problems of implementing peace agreements, and conflicts during the post-settlement phase. Until 1992 he worked for the Center of Study of Conflict and has undertaken projects for INCORE at the University of Ulster.

António MASCARENHAS MONTEIROFormer President of Cape Verde (1991-2001) and Member of Club de Madrid

António Mascarenhas Monteiro became the first democratically elected President of the Republic of Cape Verde in 1991 and was re-elected in 1996. Since leaving office, he has notably participated as Chairman of the Contact Group of Organization of African Unity (OAU) sent to Madagascar to mediate the conflict that broke out following the Presidential elections of 2001.

From 1994 to 1997, he served as President of the Inter-State Committee for Struggle Against Drought in Sahel (CILSS). António Mascarenhas Monteiro served as well as Secretary-General of the Peoples National Assembly of Cape Verde from 1977 to 1980 and as President of the Supreme Court of Justice from 1980 to 1990. He also participated in many international Cape Verdean Delegations, including the OAU Conference to draft the African Charter on Human Rights.

He holds a Degree in Law from the Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium. He is the recipient of Doctorates Honoris Causa from Rhode Island University and the Law School of Coimbra University. He holds many awards and distinctions, including the Grande Colar da Ordem da Liberdade (Portugal) and the Grand Croix d‘Ordre National du Lion (Senegal).

Pier Carlo PADOANDeputy Secretary-General and Chief Economist, OECD

Pier Carlo Padoan is Chief Economist and Deputy Secretary-General of the OECD. Prior to joining the OECD, he was Professor of Economics at the University La Sapienza of Rome and Director of the Fondazione Italianieuropei, a policy think-tank focusing on economic and social issues.

From 2001 to 2005, he was the Italian Executive Director at the International Monetary Fund, with competence also for Greece, Portugal, San Marino, Albania and Timor Leste. He served as member of the Board and chaired a number of Board Committees. During his mandate at the IMF he was also in charge of the European Coordination. From 1998 to 2001, Mr. Padoan served as Economic Adviser to the Italian Prime Ministers Massimo D’Alema and Giuliano Amato, in charge of international economic policies. He was personally responsible for coordinating the Italian position in the Agenda 2000 negotiations for the EU budget, Lisbon Agenda bilateral meetings, and G8 Summits.

He has a Ph.D. in Economics from the University of Rome and has held various academic positions in Italian and foreign universities, including at the University of Rome, College of Europe (Bruges), Université Libre de Bruxelles, University of Urbino, Universidad de La Plata, and University of Tokyo.

Mario PEZZINIDirector, OECD Development Centre

Mario Pezzini has been Director of the OECD Development Centre since July 2010. He joined the OECD in 1995 as Principal Administrator in charge of the work on Distressed Urban Areas. From 1996 to 1999 he was the Head of the OECD Rural Development Programme. From 1999 to 2006, he was Head of the Regional Competitiveness and Governance Division in the Public Governance and Territorial Directorate, promoting regional development, regional policy effectiveness and multi-level governance. He was Deputy Director of the Public Governance and Territorial Directorate from February 2007 to July 2010.

Before joining the Organisation, Mario Pezzini was Professor in Industrial Economics at the Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris as well as in US and Italian Universities. On several occasions, he has been economic advisor for international organisations and think tanks (such as ILO, UNIDO, European Commission and Nomisma in Italy) in the field of economic development, industrial organisation and regional economics, with a particular focus on policies for clusters and networks of small and medium sized firms as well as on policies to valorise natural and cultural resources.

OECD Development Centre

The Development Centre of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) helps policy makers find innovative solutions to the challenges of poverty and inequality and achieve sustainable and inclusive development.

The Centre provides an independent platform for policy dialogue between developed, developing and emerging economies. Its Governing Board consists of representatives from 17 emerging and developing economies, along with 25 OECD member countries, the European Commission and the African Development Bank.

As an interface between OECD member countries and emerging and developing economies, the Centre has a distinct mandate to provide a space where policy makers can exchange best practices and debate development strategies with experts from other sectors and other regions. The aim is to help decision makers in developing and emerging economies to examine new global realities and find the keys to building stronger, cleaner and fairer economies and more inclusive societies.

Club de Madrid

The Club de Madrid is an independent non-profit organization composed of 81 democratic former Presidents and Prime Ministers from 57 different countries, constituting the world´s largest forum of former Heads of State and Government.

The Club de Madrid works to strengthen democratic institutions and to offer advice on the resolution of political conflicts in order to enhance development and improve the lives of those most in need. It assists in the identification of politically sustainable solutions to the challenges faced by today’s leaders, developing practical recommendations, action plans and implementation strategies.