laser land leveling – a technology for resource conservation harminder singh sidhu...
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Laser Land Leveling – A Technology for Resource Conservation
Harminder Singh Sidhu
Need to Motivate the Planners & Policy makers
Current water shortage
Extremely Slow paceof water resource development
Needs/Issues
For
Enhance water productivity
at field level
Efficient utilization
of available water sources
Develop Strategies
Best option to redress the water scarcity
Recommended slopes for different soils
Type of soil Percolation rate in cm/h
Slope (%)
Sandy 7.5 0.3-0.5
Medium 3.75 0.2-0.4
Heavy 1.25 0.05-0.2
• Land looks leveled but even then wide topographic variation exists
• Wide variability in crop yields at field/ village/ block/ district/ regional level
• Better distribution of water • Water savings • Improvement in nutrient use efficiencies• Option for Precision Farming • Higher crop productivity
Why Laser Leveling
What is laser leveling?
• Laser land leveling is leveling the field within certain degree of desired slope using a guided laser beam through out the field.
Components in Laser leveling
• Laser Transmitter
• Laser eye receiver
• Laser receiver
• Control box
• Double acting hydraulic valve
• Drag scraper
Laser Type 670 nm visible, class 1/2
Self Leveling Electronics servo, + 5° range
Accuracy + 10 arc second+ 1.5mm per 30 m ( +1/16 in per100 ft)
Battery Life Alkaline or NiMH (50 Hrs.)
Operating Range
800 -1500 Mtr. Diameter
Operating Temperature
-20°C to 50°C (-4° to 122° F)
Weight 3.5 Kg. (7.72 Lbs)
Laser Transmitter
Operating Temperature
20°C to 55°C
Weight 340 Gm
Battery Life 100 Hrs. Normal Operation
Detection 180°
Laser-Eye® Receiver
Temperature Operating & Storage
-40°C to +71°C (-40°F to +160°F)-55°C to +85°C (-67°F to +185°F)
Weight <2.8 kg (6.3 lb)
Electrical Input Voltage
9 to 30 V DC
Operating Current
500mA maximum @12 VDC
Laser Beam Acceptance Angle
360°
Humidity 100%, fully sealed, weatherproof
Laser Receiver
Operating Temperature -28°C to +71°C (-20° F to 160° F)
Weight 2.5 KG (5.6 Lbs.)
Electrical Input 12V or 24V DC (10 Amp maxim.)
Electrical Output 12V or 24V DC (4.5 Amp/Valve Output)
Control Box
Operating Temperature
-28°C to +50°C (-20° F to 122°F)
Weight 2.5 KG (5.6 Lbs.)
Electrical Input
12V or 24V DC (10 Amp maxim.)
Electrical Output
12V or 24V DC (4.5 Amp/Valve Output)
Double Acting Hydraulic Control Valve
Weight 550 Kg
Height 2.5 ft.
Width 6 ft.
Depth 2 ft.
Drag Scrapper
Specification
• Horsepower required 50 hp range
• Width of coverage 6 ft• Capacity depends on initial condition of field
• Cost of equipment (Rs) 3,50,000
2.32 2.31 2.35 2.40 2.45
2.35 2.32 2.19 2.39 2.48
2.35 2.35 2.32 2.42 2.42
10 to 15 foot steps
Surveying MapMean Value: 2.35
Name of the farmers
Laser Leveling Before Leveling After Leveling % Time Saving
Area (acers)
Time (h)
Canal (min)
Tube well, (h)
Canal (min)
Tube well, (h)
Canal (min)
Tube well, (h)
Hari Singh 4.25 12.0 40 5.0 27 4.0 32.5 20
Gurbachan Singh
5.5 8.5 35 4.5 21 3.25 40 27.8
Nahar Singh 3.0 3.0 - 5.0 - 3.75 - 25
Chanjit Singh
7.0 10.5 - 4.25 - 3.25 - 23.5
Iqbal Singh 9.0 12.5 38 4.0 20 3.0 47.4 25
Gurtej Singh
2.75 3.25 - 4.5 - 3.5 - 22.2
Harpal singh
8.5 20.0 - 5.0 - 4.0 - 20
Gurcharan Singh
8.0 15.0 - 5.0 - 3.75 - 25
Jagsir singh 10.0 13.5 34 5.5 20 4.0 41.2 27.27
Bikram Singh
2.5 7.5 - 4.0 - 3.0 - 25
Average 36.8 4.7 22 3.5 40.3 24.1
Use of Laser Land Leveler at Gurusar Kaonke command area (Distt. Ludhiana)
Farmer’s name Total area
(Acres)
Time taken for one irrigation/ acre rice (Hours) % Time
saved for one
irrigation
Farmer practice
After leveling with laser land leveler
Jagmohan Singh 14 5.5 3.5 36.4
Jai singh 5 5 3.5 30.0
Nachattar Singh 6 5.25 3.25 38.1
Binder Singh 3.5 5.5 3.5 36.4
Pal Singh 5 5.25 3.5 33.3
Gurdev Singh 2 5 3 40.0
Mean 5.3 3.4 36.9
Dept. of Agronomy, Agromet. and Forestry
Use of Laser Land Leveler at Nurpur Betcommand area (Distt. Ludhiana)
Farmer’s name Total area
(acres)
Time taken for one irrigation/ acre rice
(Hours)Time
saved for one
irrigation
(Hours)
Farmer practice
After leveling with laser
land leveler
Surinder Singh 15 6 4.5 25.0
Harminder ` 8 5.5 4 27.3
Ajmer Singh 7.5 5.5 4 27.3
Amrik Singh` 4.5 6 4 33.3
Mean 5.75 4.1 28.2Dept. of Agronomy, Agromet. and Forestry
DASKA, Pakistan
July, 2004
0.0
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0
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2900
Annual Usage (h)
Co
st
(Rs
/h)
Total Cost Rs/h (Without T)
Total Cost Rs/h (With T)
Custom Hiring Rate Rs/h
500 h/year1300 h/year
Break even Usage of Laser Land Leveler
Some new Interventions – Double tyre – more 25% Field capacity
8150
550
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0
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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Years
Nu
mb
er
of
La
se
r L
ev
elle
rs
GROWTH OF LASER LEVELING IN PUNJAB
With Due Acknowledgement to CIMMYT
Benefits
• Improved Crop Establishment
• Uniform Crop Maturity
• Increased Productivity
• Increased Yield
• Reduced Chemical Run-off
• Assist in Top Soil Management
• Increased in Cultivable area (2% - 3%)
• Increase in Water application efficiency• Saving in irrigation water, (20 – 30%)• Better crop stand• Improved weed control efficiency• Less area under bunds/ridges• Very good for Bed/Ridge Farming• Reduced labor requirement for irrigation• Totally Automatic (less load on operator)
Farmers Response
Limitations
• High cost of the equipment/laser instrument
• Needs training to the operator to set/adjust laser and operate the tractor
• More efficient for regularly sized and shaped field
• Few custom operators
Thanks