las cláusulas adverbiales español iv. adverbial clauses (en inglés) adverbial clauses are clauses...
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Las cláusulas adverbiales
Español IV
Adverbial Clauses (en inglés)
Adverbial clauses are clauses that act like adverbs. In other words, they add information about the action or event described in the independent clause.
Adverbial Clauses (en inglés)
time place
manner frequenc
y
duratio
n
reason
cause condition
Adverbial Clauses (en inglés)
Adverbial clauses modify the verb in the main clause by indicating how, when, for what purposes, and under what circumstances the action of the main clause takes place.
ALWAYS Take Subjunctive
These clauses tell why and under what circumstances.
a fin de que in order that
a menos que unless
antes (de)
que
before
con tal de
que
provided (that)
en caso de
que
in case
para que for + subject + infinitive, so
(that)
sin que without + subject + gerund,
unless
ALWAYS Take the Subjunctive
In order to use the subjunctive you must have a change in subject. If there is no change of subject, leave out the que and use the infinitive.◦La alcaldesa ha desarrollado un plan para que los jóvenes puedan encontrar empleo.
◦La alcaldesa ha desarrollado un plan para ayudar a los jóvenes.
Almost Always Take Indicative
These clauses typically refer to an action that has already occurred.
desde que (ever) since
así que, conque, de ahí
que
so, as a result,
thus
a pesar de que in spite of the
fact
si bien while, although
porque because
puesto que, ya que since, because
por si just in case
dado que given that
Indicative or Subjunctive
cuando when
después de
que
after
en cuanto as soon as
hasta que until
tan pronto
como
as soon as
aunque even though, although,
even if
mientras While, meanwhile
Indicative or Subjunctive
Use the subjunctive if the adverbial clause refers to to a future action or situation.
Special note: Aunque with subjunctive means although or even if. Use it to refer to things that may or may not be true or that may or may not have happened.
Indicative or Subjunctive
Use the indicative if the adverbial clause refers to a habitual or a completed action. Typically the independent verb will be in the preterite, the imperfect, or the present tense.
Special note: Aunque with the indicative means even though. It refers to things that you know are true or that you know have happened.
Indicative or Subjunctive
Aunque te graduaste, igual tienes que esforzarte para conseguir trabajo.◦Even though you graduated, just the same you
have to make an effort to find a job.Why indicative?
◦You have already graduated.
Indicative or Subjunctive
Aunque te gradúes, igual tienes que esforzarte para conseguir trabajo.◦Even if you graduate, just the same you have
to make an effort to find a job.Why subjunctive?
◦You have not graduated yet.