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a sharp turn at 10 to 15 mph. If itsways significantly while unloaded onflat ground, it's likely to roll over whenfully loaded if a driver swerves tomiss something.

For suspension, you'll want a systemthat allows adequate ground clearance andwon't let the UV sag too much under a fullload. Consider hydraulic shock absorbers,which are adept at smoothing out bumps.For steering, consider a rack-and-pinion system, which provides a tightturning radius.Body and Frame

A UV, especially a heavy-duty one,should have a frame that can withstandthe most grueling punishment. Notice thegauge of steel used in construction and ifthe frame is welded or bolted together.Welded "unitized" frames are preferable.Durability increases with the addition ofrust- and corrosion-proof materials, espe-cially for frames and cargo boxes. Injec-tion-molded plastic components canenhance durability and appearance. Vehi-cles with rust- and corrosion-proof mate-rials have higher trade-in values andcan lower long-term operating expenses.

ServiceabilityHow do you purchase serviceability?

Buy a brand with a service departmentin your area. Also, buy a model thatmakes self-servicing as easy as possible.In other words, when deciding on a UV,consider design simplicity and accessibilityof areas that need servicing. Mainte-nance like changing oil, oil filters, cleaningair filters, tire pressure and so forth canbe done in-house.

For some servicing, however, you'llneed to take the UV to a dealer's servicedepartment, so consider how convenientlyit's located and its reputation for pro-viding quick, reliable service. Whenlooking at UVs, also check out the vehicle'swarranty and cost of service contracts.Safety and Operability

UVs get used hard, and not always bythe most knowledgeable or skilled workers.Therefore, to help part-time operators, somemodels have controls familiar to anyonewho can drive a stick-shift pickup.

In general, less-complicated vehiclesthat require less gear shifting are easierto operate, so people are less likely to makemistakes and are thus safer. Controlsshould be easy to reach when the UV isin motion, so drivers have no difficultymaintaining control. Now, most UVs useautomatic transmissions since they areusually hydrostatic drive. Gas, brakeand steering wheel are all the controls younormally use.

There are many other possible safetyfeatures you'll want to consider. Forinstance, today's UVs include the fol-lowing options: reverse warning beeper,front grille guard, rear fenders, roll bar,restraining cage, revolving amber roof light,spare tire and wheel, spark arrestor,hazard warning flashers, seat belts, taillights, stop lights, electric horn, mudflaps, and emergency power on-off button.Some manufacturers also offer the nec-essary equipment for making a UV street

legal should you want to operate it onpublic roads.

Outlined above are but a few of thechoices you face when you shop aroundfor a utility vehicle. You'll run into manymore as you peruse catalogs and cruiseshow rooms. You'll also see various optionsfor handling weather conditions, dif-ferent types of transmissions, and tiresof various widths and pressures, to namea few. It seems like there's something outthere to meet every turf manager's needs. •

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CHEMICAL LOG

Spreading Your Time and Money Using AdjuvantsBy Helen M. Stone

A lthough adjuvants may not be themost glamorous horticulturaltopic, getting to know these useful

additions can aid you by cutting labor andmaterial costs while enhancing chem-ical efficacy. Webster's Dictionary definesan adjuvant as, "A substance added to aprescription to aid the operation of the prin-cipal ingredient." In simple words, adju-vants can make your "plant prescrip-tions" work better.

Technically, then, surfactants,spreaders, stickers and wetting agents canbe thought of as adjuvants. They areadded to emulsifiable concentrates, flow-ables, wettable powders, soluble pow-ders and other chemicals during themixing process. They can extend, enhance,concentrate, reduce drift or disperse theliquid formulation to make it more effec-tive. However, used incorrectly, they can

cause phytotoxicity or even damageplant roots.

Water is a unique compound becauseof a phenomenon called hydrogen bonding.Hydrogen atoms in the water moleculehave a strong attraction to other hydrogenatoms in other water molecules. However,these charged hydrogen atoms also havea strong inclination to bond to other sur-faces with an opposite charge. Organicmatter and the minerals in soil cause themolecules to "attach" themselves, makingthem available to absorptive plant roots.

Some surfaces are considered"hydrophobia" Plant leaves are oftencoated with a natural waxy surface or havesmall "hairs" to minimize water loss.However, this surface also causes thewater molecules to bond together tightlyon the leaf surface, resulting in water"beading." If a chemical is mixed with thewater, it will not be distributed evenly over

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the plant leaf. Adjuvants allow thesebonds to "relax." The water/chemicalmixture can then be dispersed evenlyover the leaf surface.

Surfactants are one of the largestgroups of adjuvants. The term surfactantis shorthand for "surface active agents."Surfactants reduce the surface tension ofthe water drops, causing them to flattenout instead of beading up. This results ingreater coverage. Spreaders and wet-ting agents are surfactants.

Nonionic surfactants have no elec-trical charge and are generally compat-ible with most pesticides and herbicides.They can make a water droplet "flatten"to cover six times the area of a droplet ofplain water.

As well as the component that causesthe release of surface tension (the alkylpolyoxylkanes or similar compounds), anonionic surfactant also should containfatty acids. The fatty acids cause themixture to adhere better to the leaves. Alkylpolyoxylkanes will reactivate the firsttime the plant becomes wet from irriga-tion, rainfall or dew, causing the pesticideto wash off the leaves. The fatty acids pre-vent this, and the compound will staywhere it is put after it dries.

A new family of nonionic surfactants,the organosilicones, is the latest in adju-vant technology. Organosilicones came onthe scene about six years ago. The newchemistry caused a great deal of excite-ment, because a water droplet could be dis-persed to cover 15 to 16 times the area thanwithout the surfactant. However, earlyorganosilicones were extremely dan-gerous to the eyes (most had a "Danger"signal word), had a high potential forphytotoxicity and evaporated so quicklythat the pesticide had little or no residualaction. Manufacturers have thoroughlyresearched these initial problems, and prod-ucts are now available that have greatlyreduced or eliminated them.

Because the leaves of the plants arethoroughly covered, pesticide action isenhanced. Therefore, where two spraysmay have been necessary to achieve con-trol, sports turf managers might be ableto do the job with a single spray. In addi-tion, since a drop of pesticide solution covers16 times the area of a solution without anorganosilicone surfactant, the total amountof spray solution to achieve complete

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coverage can be dramatically reduced. Thiscan result in substantial savings whenspraying acres of turf in an athletic fieldor park.

Organosilicones do not require fattyacids to adhere. The compound breaksdown within 24 hours, so additionalrewetting will not cause the pesticideto wash off the leaves. For this reason, besure to use the pesticide immediately orshortly after mixing. Some organosili-cones even contain an ultraviolet lightscreen, so pesticide degradation by sun-light is slowed.

Stickers cause the pesticide to adheremore firmly to the leaves. They are pri-marily used if rain is expected afterspraying. Spreader/sticker combinationsare often sold together. However, rememberthat the more a compound spreads, it willgenerally stick that much less.

Drift control agents keep spray dropletsfrom breaking apart during application.The larger and heavier drops stay ontarget more consistently and are lesslikely to be blown away by light winds. Inaddition, evaporation is reduced.

Buffering agents control the pH ofthe mixture. Many pesticides are designed

to work at a pH of 7 (neutral). If your wateris above or below that pH, the effective-ness of the formulation can be greatlyreduced. Buffering agents will eliminatethis problem. Foam suppressants areself-explanatory. They can reduce foamingboth in the tank and at the nozzle tip.

Selecting for SuccessYour first reference point when selecting

the appropriate adjuvant is to read the labelof the chemical you are applying. More than200 chemicals have label requirements forsome type of adjuvant. Some chemicals'labels require the use of an adjuvant.Others specifically prohibit the use ofadjuvants. Some state that you may usean adjuvant. Considering the benefits,unless a label specifically states that anadjuvant should not be used, it makes eco-nomic sense to add a surfactant(spreader/sticker).

The wide array of available adjuvantscan make selection a confusing process.There are more than 4,000 named adju-vants, with approximately 300 companiesmanufacturing them. Unfortunately,studies have shown that many arenot effective, or do not live up to theirclaims. There have been materials

touted as adjuvants that are 92-percentplain water!

How can this be? The main problem isthat, unlike pesticides, adjuvants do notrequire EPA registration. This meansthat manufacturers can call a wide rangeof formulations adjuvants and be withintheir legal limits.

For example, alcohol can be legallycalled an adjuvant. Also seen on labels asisopropanol (IPA), alcohol evaporatesvery quickly and is relatively ineffectiveas a spreader.

Your best defense against an ineffec-tive product is to educate yourself aboutadjuvants. Ask questions about alcohol per-centage, fatty acids and the actual for-mulations of the adjuvants you are con-sidering for purchase. Read label rates.

Finally, ask about support materials.A reputable manufacturer will be happyto provide you with literature that explainsexact formulations. Manufacturer's rep-resentatives should be able to answerany questions to your satisfaction. Thebottom line is that the right adjuvant canhelp your spray program become moreeffective and less costly. •

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sportsTURF

What You MustKnow About TurfPesticides and the

EnvironmentDr. Richard J. Cooper

I n order to understand the movementof pesticides after application to turf-grass areas, one must first understand

the nature and composition of a turfgrasscommunity. Any analysis of the poten-tial for a pesticide to leach into ground-water must take into account the amountof applied material reaching the soilsurface and the amount that, in fact,moves down through the soil past the rootsystem. Thus, plant density, rootingand thatch development have a signif-icant effect on leaching potential.

Following seeding, turfgrass plantshave a great capacity to produce additionalplants from the one primary plant thatdevelops from the seed. This process oftillering, as well as rhizome or stolon pro-duction, enables a turfgrass area tomaintain and actually increase its den-sity over a period of years, despite the factthat existing plants are maturing,senescing and dying due to environ-mental stresses and pests.

Although we think of turfgrass asperennial in nature, individual plants arenot truly perennial and seldom livemore than a year. The turf stand as awhole is perennial only because of itsability to continuously produce addi-tional plants that grow and mature to takethe place of those that die. Thus, turfgrassareas can attain plant densitiesapproaching 2,000 to 4,000 plants persquare foot, depending upon speciesand conditions.

44 sportsTURF

This dense soil cover of plants iscapable of intercepting and significantlyreducing the amount of applied pesticideavailable to reach the soil surface andpotentially leach.

Each of the several thousand plantsgrowing per square foot of turf developsa root system to provide for water andnutrient uptake. As with shoot devel-opment and tillering, the roots of turf-grasses are not long-lived perennialsand must be replaced on a regular basisin order to maintain their function.

Thus, in a period of one to two yearsthere exists an extensive and well-devel-oped network of roots underlying healthyturfgrass areas. Root systems under-lying bentgrass and Kentucky bluegrassturf have been observed to reach max-imum depths of 12 and 48 inches, respec-tively, with a majority of the root systemoccurring within the top four to sixinches of soil.

While root development will varywith soil texture, mowing height, fertility,etc., these estimates provide an appre-ciation for the extensive nature of atypical turfgrass and are capable ofadsorbing and absorbing applied pesti-cides that might penetrate the canopy andthatch and reach roots. Indeed, numerouspesticides are formulated as systemicmaterials designed to be absorbed by plantroots. The prolific rooting of healthyturf helps to reduce the vertical move-ment of applied pesticides.

Used properly, pesticides do notleach into groundwater and are little,if any, threat to the environment.Photo courtesy: Cushman.

In a vigorously growing turf envi-ronment, such as a golf course, the rateof plant tissue accumulation often exceedsthe rate of decay, resulting in the devel-opment of thatch. Thatch is defined asa layer of living and dead plant materialthat accumulates between the zone ofgreen vegetation and the soil. A moderatethatch layer is useful in tying up pesti-cide residues and preventing theirleaching in soil. Also, the eventualdecay of leaves, stems, roots and thatchincreases the organic matter content ofunderlying soil. This increase in soilorganic matter may aid in binding pes-ticides and retarding their movementto groundwater.

In addition to the tendency of theturf system itself to adsorb pesticides andlimit their vertical movement, otherprocesses act to degrade or absorb pes-ticides applied to turf and thus reducetheir potential to leach. Depending uponthe compound applied, avenues of dis-sipation include gaseous losses (volatiliza-tion), photodegradation by ultraviolet light,microbial decay, hydrolysis (breakdownin water), conversion to other compoundsand adsorption to soil particles in unavail-able forms.

Concerns about possible adverseeffects of turfgrass pesticides on theenvironment generally focus on poten-tial pesticide movement in runoff orgroundwater contamination. Severalresearch studies have demonstratedthat a well-maintained, dense turf areacan reduce runoff to near zero. This is duein large part to the fact that a turfgrassarea has tremendous potential to absorbprecipitation. It has been estimatedthat a 150-acre golf course has thecapacity to absorb 12 million gallons ofwater during a heavy (three-inch) rain-

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storm. The velocity of overland flow ofwater across a dense turfgrass standis sufficiently slowed enough that, undermost conditions, the vast majority ofwater will infiltrate into the turf/thatch/soil profile before it can movehorizontally from a site as runoff.

Studies conducted in Rhode Islandhave revealed that during a two-yearperiod overland runoff from lawn type turf(three-percent slope) occurred on only twooccasions. Both runoff events resultedfrom unusual climatic conditions. Inone case, rain fell on snow-covered frozenground, and in the other case, extremelywet conditions preceded a five-inch rain-storm that generated runoff.

In the latter case, although a total of10 inches of rain fell within one week, thedepth of runoff was less than 1/13 inch.Work in Pennsylvania determined thatirrigation applied at a rate of six inchesper hour was necessary to cause mea-surable runoff from sodded slopes ofnine to 14 percent overlying a clay soil.Runoff due to natural rainfall did not occurduring the study (1985-1988).

In many areas of the northeasternUnited States, storms generating rain-

fall of even four inches can be expectedto occur only once every five years.Because turfed areas have a greatcapacity to absorb precipitation andprevent runoff, runoff from turf would notbe expected to routinely travel ontoadjacent nontarget areas.

Research concerning the effect of pes-ticide applications on groundwaterunderlying turf areas has increasedsubstantially within the past five years.Most of this work has focused on thefate of herbicides and insecticides. Thefact that these materials are, in manycases, intended to reach soil and aremore persistent than most fungi-cides makes them a greater concern forleaching than materials targeted forabove-ground pests.

Work in Ohio by Niemczyk and Asso-ciates has consistently shown that turf-grass insecticides normally penetrateno deeper that one to one-and-a-halfinches into the soil profile. When com-monly used turfgrass insecticidesincluding bendiocarb, chlorpyrifos, etho-prop, isazofos and isofenphos wereapplied to a golf course fairway, 98 to 99percent of the residue remained in the

thatch layer rather than leaching into thesoil below (as determined one to twoweeks after treatment). Residues in theupper inch of soil never exceeded 0.8 ppmduring the 34-week sampling period.Indeed, one of the factors hamperingsoil-inhabiting insect control is theinability of turf insecticides to pene-trate below the first few centimeters ofthe soil profile.

Research evaluating the verticalmobility of preemergence herbicidesapplied to turfgrass has recently beenreported in Ohio by Krause and Niem-czyk. When applied to thatch turf, 78 to100 percent of recovered residues ofpendimethalin, bensulide and oxadi-azon were found in the thatch layer.When applied to thatch-free turf, 82 to99 percent of recovered residues of thoseherbicides were located in the upperinch of soil. Other work evaluating thepreemergence herbicide pendimethalinhas shown it to be relatively immobile andnot susceptible to leaching.

The mobility of the broadleaf herbi-cides 2,4-D and dicamba has been

continued on page 46

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Pesticidescontinued from page 45

evaluated by Gold, et al., following appli-cation on Kentucky bluegrass growingon a sandy loam soil. Both herbicides wereapplied at standard rates (2,4-D: onepound per acre; dicamba: 0.009 pound peracre) either during June alone or threetimes yearly in April, July and September.In addition, duplicate treatments wereoverwatered by applying 1/2-inch of irri-gation three times weekly regardlessof rainfall. During the two-year study,2,4-D and dicamba concentrations wereless than one part per billion (ppb) in 80percent and 91 percent, respectively, ofa total of more than 350 samples. Noincrease in soil concentrations weredetected during the second year, indicatingthat degradation of both herbicides wassufficient to prevent accumulation.

Average concentrations of 2,4-Dranged from 0.55-0.87; standards for2,4-D and dicamba are 100 ppb and12.5 ppb, respectively. These researchersstated that the thatch/soil zone under-lying Kentucky bluegrass creates anaerobic zone high in organic matter that

enhances microbial degradation andadsorption of the herbicides. They con-cluded, "Given the current water qualitystandards, routine applications of 2,4-Dand dicamba to home lawns do notappear to threaten groundwater quality."

Evidence concerning the immobilityof turfgrass fungicides and herbicides hasalso come from recent groundwater sam-pling studies on Cape Cod, MA, golfcourses. Four Cape Cod courses werechosen for study because they repre-sented a "worst-case scenario" for leachingof pesticides into groundwater. All fourcourses are located on highly perme-able, sandy soils, more than 30 years old,and had a history of high pesticide use.In addition, sampling wells were locatedwhere the depth to groundwater averaged28.5 feet and was as shallow as5.3 feet below the surface in one case.Cohen, et al., reported that no currentlyregistered turfgrass pesticides weredetected in toxicologically significantconcentrations.

In addition, they concluded that the"use of turfgrass pesticides by the fourgolf courses with vulnerable hydrogeology

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was found to have minimal impact ongroundwater quality."

The potential environmental hazardassociated with most turfgrass pesti-cides appears to be minimal since the pes-ticides most frequently used on turf arenot generally highly mobile, highly toxicor very persistent. Those herbicides andinsecticides that are intended to reachsoil are not usually applied more than onceor twice per year. In addition, turfgrasspesticides are normally applied inextremely dilute solutions rather thanin concentrated forms. Processes such asvolatilization, photodegradation, hydrol-ysis and microbial decay often act tobreak down existing residues. Andfinally, the dense canopy of a well-main-tained turf and highly adsorptive thatchminimize runoff and potential leaching.

The pesticide-binding capacity of a turfis strongly related to plant density,thatch development and rooting, whichare improved through proper fertiliza-tion and pest management. Rather thanthreatening environmental quality,improved turf quality achieved throughjudicious use of pesticides can protect thequality of water emanating from a turfarea compared to a poorly maintainedarea or other land uses.

While the evidence is strong that theuse of turfgrass pesticides does notappear to threaten groundwater, oneshould not take this as a license to applypesticides excessively or without duecaution. Cultural and biologicalapproaches to pest control need to be morefully integrated into management plans,with an eye toward reducing pesticideapplication. There is little doubt that,in numerous cases, pesticide use couldbe reduced substantially by employingprimarily curative spray programs fornon-lethal pest problems and by increasedadherence to integrated pest man-agement practices. •

Dr. Richard J. Cooper works at theDepartment of Plant and Soil Scienceswithin the University of Massachusetts.This article is reprinted from the Uni-versity of Massachusetts CooperativeExtension System publication, Plantingand Maintaining Sustainable Land-scapes: A Guide for Public Officials andthe Green Industry. To order the 75-page manual, send your check for $7.50payable to UMass Bulletin DistributionCenter, Cottage A, University of Mas-sachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003. Call (413)545-2717 for more information.

46 sportsTURF Circle 114 on Postage Free Card

Managers Association

CHAPTER NEWSFlorida Chapter #1: The Florida

Chapter will hold a meeting on December12 at the Royal Palm Polo Grounds inRoyal Palm Beach, FL. The programwill include an examination of the recentinstallation of ground rubber (Rebound)and details on polo-ground maintenance.

The Chapter's January meeting willbe held on January 17 in Lake Worth, FL,in conjunction with the Southeast FloridaTurf Conference. For more informationon these events, the Florida Chapter, andother pending activities, contact JohnMascaro at (305) 938-7477.

Southern California Chapter: TheSouthern California Chapter combineda total field renovation workshop and ahelping hand on October 28. A combi-nation of corporate donations and vol-unteer expertise and effort converged onthe Cal State Fullerton baseball field. TheTitan's Field was dubbed the "Field ofScreams" by the Orange County Registerlast April.

Results of the Chapter's handiwork willbe on display at the STMA NationalField Day when the Southern CaliforniaChapter hosts the National Sports TurfManagers Association Conference onJanuary 24-28, 1996. Also featuredduring the conference will be educa-tional sessions, tours and a top-notch tradeshow. For information on the SouthernCalifornia Chapter and upcoming activ-ities, contact Chris Bunnell at (619)432-2421.

Midwest Chapter: Plans are alreadyunderway for the next annual meeting,which will be held in March. Those withsuggestions for the annual meeting or withtopics that they would like to have cov-ered, are urged to call the Chapter Hot-line at (708) 439-4727.

Colorado Chapter: The ColoradoChapter's annual meeting and electionof officers will be held in conjunction withthe 42nd Annual Rocky Mountain TurfConference and Trade Show, December6-8 at Currigan Hall in Denver.

For information on the turf conference,the Colorado Chapter or other upcomingevents call the 24-Hour CCSTMA Hot-line/FAX: (303) 438-9645 and leave a mes-sage, or contact: Ross Kurcab, DenverBroncos, at (303) 649-9000.

Minnesota Chapter: The formingchapter in Minnesota will hold its next

meeting in conjunction with the Min-nesota Turf & Grounds Annual TradeShow and Convention on December 6-8at the Minneapolis Convention Center.For more information contact: ScottTurtinen, Executive Director of the Min-nesota Turf and Grounds Foundation, at(612) 473-0557. For more information onthe Minnesota Chapter or for detailson becoming a member, contact: BrianDeyak at (612) 255-7223.

Iowa Chapter: Welcome to the IowaSports Turf Managers Association,

STMA's newest official chapter. ISTMAwill hold its next meeting January 22-24, 1996, in conjunction with the IowaTurfgrass Conference at the Des MoinesConvention Center. The conference willfeature workshops for both beginning andadvanced sports turf managers, pesticiderecertification training, and the ISTMAannual membership meeting. For moreinformation on this event, the IowaChapter or other upcoming activities, con-tact Lori at the Turf Office, (515) 232-8222or fax, (515)232-8228.

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HAPPENINGS

Gwynn to KeynoteSTMA Conference

Future Hall-of-Famer Tony Gwynn ofthe San Diego Padres will be amongthe top speakers at the Seventh AnnualSports Turf Managers AssociationNational Conference and Exhibition,January 24-28 in Anaheim, CA. Gwynnwill keynote STMA's awards banquet witha player's perspective on field condi-tions and provide an entertaining lookat life in the big leagues. Gwynn has beena member of the Padres for more thanten seasons, earning five batting titlesand completing 12 consecutive seasonsof hitting .300 or better. As a strongsupporter of local charities and educa-tional efforts, Gwynn gives inspirationto sports turf managers in their effortsto gain new knowledge through theSTMA Annual Conference.

The conference will also include edu-cational sessions, facility tours andhands-on product demonstrations. Formore information about the conference,call the national STMA headquarters at(312)644-6610.

Video ShowcasesLouisville Expo

Where should all members of thelawn, garden and power equipmentindustries be July 28-30, 1996, if theywant to stay on the cutting edge? Expo96, in Louisville, KY. The dates are set,plans are under way and contractsreserving exhibition space are beingreturned daily for the 13th annualInternational Lawn, Garden and PowerEquipment Expo.

For more information, call Bill Lewis,(214) 709-5562.

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k Reef Industries, Inc.P.O. Box 750250Houston, TX 77275-0250713/507-4200713/507-4295 FAX

Gravely, DewEze SignJoint-Venture Agreement

Gravely International of Winston-Salem, NC, and DewEze of Harper, KS,announced a joint-venture agreement forthe manufacture and marketing ofDewEze mower products. GravelyInternational is a division of Ariens Co.ofBrillion,WI.

DewEze manufactures three modelsof all-terrain mowers sold primarily tofederal and state governments, munic-ipalities and commercial markets. GravelyInternational will assume worldwidemarketing and distribution of DewEzeproducts. Manufacture of the all-ter-rain mowers will continue in Harper, KS.Gravely International was founded in1916 by Benjamin F. Gravely, theinventor of the motor plow.

Grounds MaintenanceSchool Set

The Southern Illinois Grounds Main-tenance School, sponsored by the Uni-versity of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign,College of Agriculture Cooperative Exten-sion Service is scheduled for February 28-29, 1996, at the Gateway ConventionCenter in Collinsville, IL.

The program features two keynotespeakers and 18 educational sessions cov-ering topics such as woody ornamen-tals and landscaping, turf and herbaceousplants. A trade show is also included.For more information, contact RonCornwell, (618) 692-9434.

Send your industry news to:EditorsportsTURF68-860 Perez Road Ste. JCathedral City, CA 92234or FAX us at: (619) 770-4380

48 sportsTURF Circle 118 on Postage Free Card

ROOKIESNew Tractor Line

The Sabre is a line of four mid-pricedtractors and two walk-behind mowers.The mowers will feature a 5.5-hp engineand 21-inch cast aluminum deck. Model14ss has a two-speed transmission,while the 14PS is a push mower.

The tractor line includes four modelsfrom 13 to 16 hp. All will be produced inGreeneville, TN. The 1338G includes agear-drive transmission and a 38-inchmower deck, while the 15-hp 1538H ispowered by an OHV powerplant forreduced emissions. The 15-hp 1546Gand 16-hp 1646H both feature OHVengines and 46-inch decks. Safety featuresinclude color-coded controls, mainte-nance-free battery, and a safety seatswitch that turns off the engine if the oper-ator leaves the seat while the bladesare engaged.JOHN DEERECircle 131 on Postage Free Card

Core AeratorsTopdresser

This topdresser will fit in the box ofmost utility vehicles. A single operatorcan mount it in the box in minutes,without dismantling any part of theutility vehicle. The unit is self-containedand powered by a five-hp Briggs &Stratton engine. It can distribute top-dressing material from either side orin a full-spread pattern.TERRACARE PRODUCTSCircle 132 on Postage Free Card

The models TA-19 and TA-26 areroll-type core aerators with 3/4-inchtines that give up to nine holesper square foot and are powered by afour-hp Honda engine.

The smaller TA-19 can aerate 24,000square feet per hour and the TA-26 canaerate up to 34,000 square feet per hour.CLASSENMANUFACTURING INC.Circle 133 on Postage Free Card

continued on page 50

DO YOU NEED PRODUCT INFOFAXED TO YOU NOW?

USE THE ADAMS FASTFAX SYSTEM*BY CALLING: I (800) 817-1889

Simply dial our 1(800) number, and followthe simple instructions; when you hang up,

the information you requested will be faxedimmediately and directly to the fax number you entered.

"Product information can only be received from those advertisers with a FASTFAX #.

Just another important service to our readersbrought to you by your friends at Adams.

November/December 1995 49

Rookiescontinued from page 49

Field Marker Snow, Ice Melter

Turf Tire

The turf-friendly wide profile is lessprone to leaving ruts and will carryheavy loads over soft terrain. The turftread pattern is puncture-resistant andwill give equipment the industrial-strength look. Two sizes of the pneumaticHF224 are available: the 16-by-2.125 sizeis 16.2 inches tall, 2.1 inches wide andwill carry a load of 174 pounds per tire.The 20-by-2.125 size is 20 inches tall, 2.2inches wide and will carry a load of 213pounds per tire.DURO TIRE CORP.Circle 134 on Postage Free Card

The Trumark Athletic Field Markeris designed for safety, convenience andeconomy. Mark fields all day with the 12-volt deep-cycle marine battery. Dualnozzle spray head provides a distinctiveline from two to six inches wide in a singlepass. The fold-down handle is conve-nient for storage and transportation.Ten-inch pneumatic tires on ball-bearinghubs provide rolling ease. The Trumarkfield marker is safe to use because thereare no combustible fuels, pressurizedvessels or canisters.SPARTAN INDUSTRIESCircle 135 on Postage Free Card

Melt Man® Plus contains no rocksalt, yet quickly melts snow and ice attemperatures below zero Fahrenheit.A combination of three fast-meltingproven ingredients, it will not harmgrass, trees or shrubs, nor leave a chalkyor oily residue.

It's offered in two sizes, 18 pounds and40 pounds, with easy-carry handles,and stores well from season to season.LANGE-STEGMANN CO.Circle 136 on Postage Free Card

PRODUCT SHOWCASE

Mandatory EquipmentTURFACE MVP™ &TURFACE Quick Dry™.The #1 Choice ofProfessionals for over 25years. TURFACE MVPhas been mandatoryequipment for majorleague and NFL grounds-keepers for reducingcompaction, improvingdrainage, and providingthe safest, most consis-tent playing surfaces underwet and dry conditons.TURFACE Quick Dry

quickly and easily soaks up puddles with minimal dustand will not cake or harden.Introducing NEW TURFACE MoundMaster™. Turf aceMoundMaster is the highest quality, most durable pack-ing clay available. Pre-formed into easy to use blocks,TURFACE MoundMaster is ideal for renovating andmaintaining pitchers mounds and batters' boxes.

AIMCOR750 Lake Cook Rd., Suite 440, Buffalo Grove, IL 60089

Phone: (708) 215-1144 • (800) 207-6457

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Green Grass Dye and Paintr 1 \ y \

r V ^ V• • • »

V I • «

World Class green grass dye and paint is formulatedto make worn and dormant turf look alive with avibrant green tone. This product will not harm theturf, it will actually coat and protect the plant andenhance growth. Make your turf come alive, for allyour turf paints and graphic stencils.

World Class Athletic SurfacesP.O. Drawer 152, Leland, MS 38756-0152

(601) 686-9997 • Fax (601) 686-9977Toll Free (800) 748-9649

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50 sportsTURF