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Laois Fitzpatrick Cladogram* v.LFP1a 20170201*Median Joining Network unweighted, generated with Network 5.0.0.1 and Network Publisher 2.1.1.2

see http://www.fluxus-engineering.com28 YSTR haplotypes with 33 FTDNA loci; DYS 389i/ii and CDYa/b excluded from 37 marker panel.

Median Vector nodes (mv1-7) and their respective links shown in red.

Kit # Node6539 935218 5166938 27171782 24232012 1236400 20250746 25251442 2259589 2*262717 4362840 22403759 6430948 26443951 28485644 2*502788 8B3696 10H1225 5*H1324 12H1409 2*H1626 21H1631 14H1648 15H1770 16H1878 5*H1890 18H1896 15*H2241 23

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Bandelt et al. (1995) when using RM, or

Bandelt et al. (1999) when using MJ, and

Forster et al. (2001) when using star contraction, and

Polzin et al. (2003) when using MP.

The rho statistic for time estimates was used first (to our knowledge) by Morral et al. (1994)�under a different�name, and �then explored by Forster et al. (1996).�

The calculation of standard errors for rho (taking into account the branching structure of the tree)�was presented by ��Saillard et al. (2000).

Bandelt H-J, Forster P, Sykes BC, Richards MB (1995) Mitochondrial portraits of human populations. Genetics 141:743-753�

Forster P, Harding R, Torroni A, Bandelt H-J (1996) Origin and Evolution of Native American mtDNA Variation: A reappraisal. American Journal of Human Genetics 59:935-945�

Bandelt H-J, Forster P, Röhl A (1999) Median-joining networks for inferring intraspecific phylogenies. Mol Biol Evol 16:37-48�

Forster P, Röhl A, Lünnemann P, Brinkmann C, Zerjal T, Tyler-Smith C, Brinkmann B (2000) A Short Tandem Repeat-Based Phylogeny for the Human Y Chromosome. Am. J. Hum. Genet.,

67:182-196� Saillard J, Forster P, Lynnerup N, Bandelt H-J, Nørby S (2000) mtDNA variation among Greenland Eskimos: the edge of the Beringian expansion. Am J Hum Genet 67:718-726.

Forster P, Torroni A, Renfrew C, Röhl A (2001) Phylogenetic star contraction applied to Asian and Papuan mtDNA evolution. Mol Biol Evol 18:1864-1881.

Polzin T, Daneschmand S V (2003) On Steiner trees and minimum spanning trees in hypergraphs. Operations Research Letters 31:12-20�

Note: This includes the following kit numbers with extra alleles: #25 and #267154. The re-scoring and subsequent placement of these kits in the cladogram is, therefore, only an estimate.