language assessment - assessing listening by efl learning
TRANSCRIPT
The two interacting concepts; Performance Observing
The one important principle for assessing a learner’s competence is to consider the fallibillity of the results of a single performance.
The second principle is we must rely as much as possible on observable performance in our assessments of students.
Following design : Several tests that are combined to form an assessment A single test with multiple test tasks to account for learning styles and
performance variables In-class and extra-class graded work Alternative forms of assessment (e.g., journal, portofolio)
Multiple measures will always give you a more reliable and valid assessment than a single measure
Observing the Performance of the Four Skills
Listening is often implied as a component of speaking
The Importance of Listening
Designing appropriate assessment tasks in listening begin with the specifiation of objectives, or criteria.* Objectives may be classified in terms of several types of listening performance
The 4 stages in processing to flash through you brain: Recognize speech sound and hold temporary imprint of them in short-term
memory Determine the type of speech event Use linguistic decoding skills Delete the exact linguistic form in which the message was originally
received in favor of conceptually retaining important or relevant information in long-term memory
4 commonly identified types of listening performance Intensive Responsitive Selective extensive
Basic Types of Listening
Microskills; attending to the smaller bits and chunks of language
Macroskills; focusing on the larger elementsIt is provided 17 different objectives to assess in
listening8 reasons for what makes listening difficult;
ClusteringRedudancyReduced formsPerformance variablesColloquial languageRate of deliveryStress, ryhthm, and intonationinteraction
Micro- and Macroskills of Listening
Investing ListeningRecognizing Phonological and Morphological ElementsPharaprase recognition
Reponsive ListeningSelective Listening
Listening ClozeInformation TransferSentence Repetition
Extensive ListeningDictationCommunicative Stimulus-Response TasksAuthentic Listening Tasks
Designing Assessment Tasks
Source : eflearners.blogspot.com