LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

GUADALUPE APONTE AYALA

JOSE HUGO OCAMPO REA

MARIBEL BARRIOS PAREJA

MARIANA G.L

Is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language.

LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

THEORIES

EARLY THEORIES: Skinner -1957

UNIVERSAL GRAMMAR: Noam Chomsky-1965

CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH

KRASHEN’S HYPOTHESES ABOUT SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

1) THE ACQUISITION-LEARNING DISTINCTION

States that language acquirers are not usually aware of the fact that they are acquiring language.

KRASHEN’S HYPOTHESES ABOUT SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

2) THE NATURAL ORDER HYPOTHESIS

States that individuals tend to acquire certain grammatical morphemes, or functions words, earlier than others.

KRASHEN’S HYPOTHESES ABOUT SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

3) THE MONITOR HYPOTHESIS

• States that a second language performer can use conscious rules only when three conditions are met:

-TIME

-FOCUS ON FORM

-KNOW THE RULE

KRASHEN’S HYPOTHESES ABOUT SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

4) THE INPUT HYPOTHESIS

• states that learners progress in their knowledge of a language when they comprehend language input that is slightly more advanced than their current level.

KRASHEN’S HYPOTHESES ABOUT SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

5) THE AFFECTIVE FILTER HYPOTHESIS

• states that learners' ability to acquire language is constrained if they are experiencing negative emotions such as fear or embarrassment.

1.- MOTIVATION: +2.-SELF-CONFIDENCE: +3.-ANXIETY: -

STAGES OF FIRST AND SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

WOLFANG KLEIN: Three kinds of language acquisition

Language acquisition (1st)

Second language acquisition (2nd)

Reacquisition

The “sensitive period” of language acquisition in which human infants have the ability to learn any language.

1st STAGEFIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE

BABBLING

PREPRODUCTION

This stage is self explanatory in which a child begins to make random sounds with their vocal cords.

During this stage, the individual has minimal comprehension of the language and cannot make sense of words, neither in understanding nor speaking.

FIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE

ONE-WORD

EARLY PRODUCTION

A child can begin to utter recognizable words or at least phonemes that resemble words or simple phrases.

During this period, the individual begins to grasp simple concepts in the foreign language and has the ability to produce simple, one or two phrases.

2nd STAGE

3st STAGEFIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE

TWO-WORD

SPEECH EMERGENCE

The child begins to develop more complex phrases with multiple words which form a more complete thought than in the previous one.

The individual can construct simple phrases and communicate basic ideas. The individual comprehension improves greatly but production is still low.

FIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE

TELEGRAPHIC

INTERMEDIATE FLUENCY

The child’s ability to form complete sentences emerges. Their words have more of a purpose rather than simply identifying objects and people like in the previous stages

The individual is able to form complete thoughts and sentences. Their grammatical errors reduce and they make more of a conscious effort to speak correctly.

4th STAGE

FIRST LANGUAGE SECOND LANGUAGE

FINAL STAGE

FINAL STAGE

The child can verbally produce completely sentences , thoughts, and ideas.

The individual can verbally produce completely sentences , thoughts, and ideas.

5TH STAGE