landscaping.pdf

7/24/2019 Landscaping.pdf

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8 . 1 . L A N D S C A P E P L A N N I N G C O N C E P T S

8 .1 .1 LANDSCAPE PLANNING CONCEPTS

Landscape option based upon Masterplan Nested Campus Option

MD1


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The following diagram shows an overview of

the four landscape types proposed for Zones

B and C. These include:

Type A: Regimented Rainforest, a multi-

tiered and biodiverse planting of native spe-

cies, connecting the Academic Green to the

landscape of Kent Ridge.

Type B: Arcades, providing covered link-

age between the various buildings, Activity

Nodes and landscape spaces.

Type C: Themed Gardens, providing a vari-

ety of open spaces in the Academic Green for

passive recreation and study. These employ

a variety of planting, hard-scape, seating and

lighting to create unique identities.

Type D: Activity Nodes, offering spaces for

recreation and gathering, as well as a range

of uses to the academic community. Activ-

ity Nodes may be open or enclosed (with air

conditioning), partially or fully covered.

More information regarding Types A

through D is given in the subsequent pages.

MD 1

A

A B

BB

B

B

B

C

C

C

C

C

C

C

D

D

A

A


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Landscape plays a vital role in any large campus. In an aca-

demic setting, where visitors are constantly passing from one

building to the next, it is critical that the landscape assume

more responsibility than simply being that green stuff or

leftover space between buildings. It is a means by which

students reach their destinations, as well as a destination in

itself.

At present, the NUS landscape is maintenance-intensive and

yet remains little-used, either for pedestrian passage or recre-

ation. Nonetheless, the current campus presents an existing

network of green spaces that is complex and rich, in spite

of a lack of landscape planning at the campus level. It is the

goal of the current exercise to create an over-arching series of

landscape guidelines to bring the courtyards, hillsides, road

verges and green buffers of NUS into a coherent system that

is simple to implement, sustainable, stimulating, and adap-

tive to future needs.

This plan does not propose major disruptions to the existing

distribution of landscape spaces, nor to the plants that are

currently established. However, there exists a need to am-

plify existing resources, as well as to supplement a landscape

that is principally composed of lawn and feature plantings

(such as would be found in Botanical gardens). These are nec-

essarily maintenance-intensive, as well as low in the repre-

sentation of native species that will contribute to the health of

the campus landscape.

The NUS landscape, as in the case of Singapore more gener-

ally, is one that has resulted from large-scale disruption; little

of the former equatorial dipterocarpforest exists, and much of

the current stock was imported, prior to independence, from

other British colonial holdings.


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Landscapes of surprise

An important principle of the landscape mas-

ter plan is to incorporate a broad-spectrum

approach to design. This proposal aims to

maintain and augment the different types of

landscape spaces, creating a rich sequence of

landscape spaces that strive to be distinctive in

character and qualitatively different from their

surroundings.

Open spaces should generate surprise and plea-

sure, inviting the user to linger. From an aes-

thetic viewpoint, the current landscape suffers

from a dual problem:

1. A monotony of the general landscape that

contributes to a system of open spaces that tend

toward similarity of experience, and do not

encourage the user to take full advantage of the

broader facilities.

2. A selection of disparate smaller landscapes

that are themed, locally-developed in an ad-

hoc manner.

This proposal aims to improve the quality of

the general landscape through the clarication

of landscape elements, using an inll land -

scape technique. It also proposes to make sense

of the existing themed gardens by introducing a

system of such gardens throughout the campus

proper.

While achieving these goals, this proposal

simultaneously addresses the aesthetic goals

as well as the pragmatic challenges of mainte-

nance and sustainability.

A number of the existing NUS landscapes have great potential to contribute a special quality tothe campus; however, many of these currently show a history of ad-hoc management.

Inll landscaping

It is notthe recommendation of this master plan

that new landscapes at NUS should be con-

structed as if on a greeneld site. While some

spaces will involve completely ground-up

implementation - such as the new Academic

Green - it is intended that existing natural re-

sources, trees and shrubs, should be maintained

and incorporated into design improvements

wherever possible.

As such, the existing landscape provides a

frame-work for future works, where inlling

of additional specimens (as well as new hard-

scape and program areas) can take place.

Currently, the biodiversity of the NUS campus

is notably low; landscapes tend to consist of

a background of lawn and canopy trees, with

periodic planting of shrubs and ground-covers.

In some cases (see image at right), this has re-

sulted in a feeling of desolate or under-tended

environments - what one observer called green

deserts. These should be taken as opportuni-

ties to ll in the landscape, increasing Green

Plot Ratio by reintroducing hardy native species

where possible.

Other sustainability issues will also be ad-

dressed; the planting schemes propose to in-

crease leaf area indices so as to increase shady

areas that might encourage outdoor walking.

The amplication of existing spaces through the

admixture of programs, lighting, furniture and

features is also recommended.


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Space for improvement

The existing landscape at NUS, as noted above, depends heavily upon lawn, tree, and very occasional shrubplanting. This establishes an effective framework for the future landscape of the campus. However, by itself this

planting scheme creates a number of sub-optimal conditions for the user.

1. Extensive lawn cover doesnot help to mitigate storm-water run-off, creating aburden on drainage systems.

2. Lawn is water and fuelintensive to maintain.

3. On topography too steepfor human habitation, thereis no necessity to use turf-ing as opposed to shrubs or

groundcover.

4. Planting of shrubs in adispersed fashion discour-ages use by birds and micro-fauna, which prefer swaths

of contiguous planting cover.

1

6

3

42

5. Lack of under-story plant-ing can create view corridorstoward less attractive fa-cades; can also lend a bar-

ren look.

5

6. Monospecial plantingleaves the landscape vulner-able to pest and disease.


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8 .1 .2 LANDSCAPE TYPES

Type A: Regimented Rainforest

These extend as green ngers from Kent Ridge to

create a landscape of native species in multiple tiers

at certain areas of the campus. As in Zone A, these

are understood as extensions of the secondary forest

landscape at Kent Ridge. The planting of Regimented

Rainforests is simplied and structured to avoid the

messy appearance of secondary forest, which may

strike the user as unkempt, and thus be considered

inappropriate for campus landscaping.

Regimented Rainforest is developed in conjunction

with Associate Professor Hugh Tan of Department of

Biological Sciences/ RMBR.

Type B: Arcades

Any system of paths proposed for the NUH and NUS

campuses will be required to work within the Singa-

pore climate. Intense heat and occasional storms are a

reality of this environment. As such, the current plan

proposes a network of Arcades - covered walkways or

colonnades - that link all buildings and provide shade

and cover for staff & students. These are used to link

Activity Nodes as well as buildings, and are hoped to

encourage student use of exterior spaces.

Type C: Themed Gardens

The notion of a campus in a rainforest will be bal-

anced with Themed Gardens. In the options presented

here, Themed Gardens are used to dene common areas

between new and existing buildings in Zones B and C.

Themed Gardens, placed alongside Regimented Rainfor-

ests and Arcades are understood to provide these Zones

with a clear and unique identity.

Type D: Activity Nodes

Activity Nodes comprise covered activity areas for groupevents, student amenities, learning spaces, as well as

passive recreation. These are understood largely as archi-

tectural elements such as green-roofed pavilions or other

enclosed spaces.

Nonetheless, it is expected that some Activity Nodes can

be designed as sheltered landscape areas. Primarily hard-

scape, these would have feature canopies and other ele-

ments of interest. The latter may also include feature seat-

ing and lighting, as well as artwork and paving systems. It

is encouraged that attractive and innovative shading and

roong systems are explored for these areas, to encour-

age more student use of semi-external spaces despite thegenerally hot & humid Singapore environment.

Landscape elements with distinct charac-

teristics

To achieve the Landscape Planning Con-

cepts, the landscape is devised as a system of

parts that can be implemented by phasing in

parts or as a whole. These parts correspond

to different Landscape Types with distinct

characteristics.

Regardless of the nal Master Plan Option

chosen, the landscape plan will consist of

these four elements, which can be re-orga-

nized in a modular manner to best suit the

architectural elements of the plan. Below, we

show how these Types would be arranged to

suit the Master Plan.


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8 .1 .3 MASTERPLAN NESTED CAMPUS OPTION

The preferred Nested Campus master plan

features a double-row of buildings for FoS

and SoM that maintain a clear central green

space. The Formal Boulevard of NUH area

extends into NUS and becomes the central

axis in a network of Arcades, and leads di-

rectly to University Hall. Arcades crisscross

the expanse of landscape dened by the

building edges, creating Themed Gardens

between them.

Regimented Rainforest Themed Gardens Arcades Activity Node


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8 . 2 T Y P E A : R E G I M E N T E D R AI N F O R E S T

A secondary forest landscape

The Kent Ridge landscape is a major landscape

amenity for the NUS and NUH campuses. As a

lush stand of secondary forest, this is one of few

remaining landscapes of its type in Singapore.

There are intact regions of native secondary forest

in the interior of the hillside (set back from Kent

Ridge Road) and areas of the slope are protected

natural reserves.

The role of Kent Ridge is not as an inhabited

landscape, but rather as a green reservoir that

assists in maintaining the ecological health of the

campus. It is recommended that these areas be

conserved and protected, and their perimetersreinforced with additional planting of native spe-

cies, such that invasive species do not inltrate.

Small viewing decks may be placed at the perim-

eter, such that users of the NUS campus can ex-

perience the Kent Ridge landscape more closely.

However, incursion of pathways or boardwalks

into the perimeter is not recommended as these

might prove disruptive to the forest ecosystem.

Within-forest bat roosts should be introduced

where possible, to reduce the current problem of

bat roosting/ guano on buildings at NUS.

Regimented Rainforests are extensions of this

Kent Ridge landscape into the NUS/NUH cam-

pus. The planting scheme which will characterize

this landscape is described in detail in Chap 8.2.2.

Regimented Rainforests brings the unique character of the Kent Ridge landscape into the campus.

8 .2 .1 THE EXPANSION OF KENT RIDGE


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8 .2 .2 LOWER KENT RIDGE ROAD - A ROAD IN A RAINFOREST

Landscape at Lower Kent Ridge Road

Lower Kent Ridge Road (LKRR) remains the central ve-

hicular accessway for the NUH and NUS campuses, and

provides a point of entry from South Buona Vista Road. As

such, LKRR forms a major ceremonial axis - it is the central

processional space and has a strong inuence on the visi -

tors impression of character and quality of the campus

landscapes.

LKRR benets from a collection of mature canopy trees that

assist in providing shade, as well as forming an attractive

green envelope around the roadway. Small shrub plantings

are to be found on either side of LKRR, as well as at spo-

radic points along the median.

The master plan proposes to strengthen the existing char-

acter of LKRR through additional planting. While canopy

tree plantings have historically tended to be monospecial,

it is recommended that additional native canopy species be

added to wayside rows. This adds to biodiversity, and also

makes LKRR less vulnerable to the threat of canopy extinc-

tion by pest or disease.

Likewise, the addition of native shrubs and understory

planting is highly recommended, in particular on the east

side of LKRR. Here, the road closely abuts the AYE, and

at present inadequate visual screening exists between the

campus and the highway.

Understory planting should be executed in the manner of a

Regimented Rainforest, using a selection of native species

in a multi-tiered distribution to be a lush, attractive cor-

ridor. The route should likewise incorporate elements for

shading, seating, and safe passage across vehicular roads.

Green envelope around Lower Kent Ridge Road


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8 .2 .3 SPECIAL CONDIT IONS - MAINTAINING V ISUAL CONNECTIV ITY

Across large vertical drops

At Block S5, between Kent Ridge Road and

the Academic Core at the +122 level, there

is a vertical drop of approximately 40 metres.

At this location, most of the drop occurs over

an existing slope. At the base, however, is

a retaining wall condition that produces a

sharp discontinuity between the landscape

of the Ridge, and that of the NUS campus.

It is suggested - at this particular central

green nger - that the vertical drop be medi-

ated via the localized addition of landscape

ll, creating an achievable, gentle slope of

15 degrees. With Regimented Rainforest

planting, a continuous green nger can be

achieved.

At interface between buildings and landscape

The green ngers of Regimented Rainforest extend-

ing from Kent Ridge may occasionally be interrupted

by a building. Yet it is important that these ngers

continue as if through these buildings to the other

side such that they form visible and robust elements

of the campus landscape.

To maintain a visual connectivity, the Regimented

Rainforest planting scheme can extend to the plant-

ing on the grounds directly surrounding these build-

ings.

Along the axis of these green ngers, a green-roofed

canopy or walkway can extend from the building

face to act as a transitional element between the for-

est exterior and the building interior.


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RAINFOREST or JUNGLE NUS LAWN AND TREEREGIMENTED RAINFOREST

Found at Bukit Timah Nature Reserve (above)and Kent Ridge, as well as numerous reserve

sites in Singapore.

Strong representation of native species

High biomass and biodiversity

Low maintenance requirement

Messy appearance unsuited to campusenvironment

Found at Cluny Road.

Potentially strong representation of native species

Good biomass and biodiversity

Low to medium maintenance requirement

Structured appearance despite density

Found at NUS, elsewhere in Singapore.

Poor representation of native species

Poor biomass and biodiversity

High medium maintenance requirement

Very clean appearance

8 .2 .4 SPECTRUM OF PLANTING SCHEMES


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RAINFOREST or JUNGLE NUS LAWN AND TREEREGIMENTED RAINFOREST

8 .2 .4 SPECTRUM OF PLANTING SCHEMES

Recommended for use in many areas of NUH and NUS Recommended for use in selected areas of NUHand NUS, particularly in areas of high outdooractivity

Not recommended for use at NUH and NUS


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8 .2 .5 ADDIT ION OF REGIMENTED RAINFOREST : INF ILL ING / NATIV IZ ING

Tree and lawn prior to inlling/nativizing

Tree and lawn after inlling/nativizing

Lawn

Width of zonemay vary toaccount for

available space;4m minimum

It is an assumption of this master plan that destroying existing landscapes

to build new ones is counter-productive. A benet of regimented rainfor -

ests is the ability to maintain existing mature specimens and incorporate

these within an expanded planting palette.

In the common instance of canopy trees distributed in a row, or grid, regi-

mented rainforests may be added within a similarly narrow or linear zone,

surrounding the existing.

At left are diagrams showing one preferred method of inlling/nativizing

in which inll species of different types are layered beneath and between

existing canopy trees.

Additional planting should be introduced with a visible order to prevent

the new landscape from appearing messy. To this end, it is encouraged

that inll understorey trees be monospecially clustered in the interval

between each pair of existing canopy trees. Species may vary from interval

to interval, similarly for shrubs, small trees, and epiphytes. It is preferred

that shrubs and groundcovers form a gradient of height, becoming shorter

towards the perimeter.

Canopy tree

Understorey tree

Shrub/small tree

Shrub/epiphyte

Shrub

Groundcover


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Before After

Before After

At left are examples showing specic areas at

the NUS campus before and after inlling/

nativizing. The familiar lawn and canopy

tree model will be gradually replaced with

a Regimented Rainforest to reduce the

amount of lawn and related water consump-tion, and increase biodiversity and green

density.

As shown, understorey shrubs and trees can

be easily added around and below existing

canopy trees to achieve the desired outcome.



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Phasing linearly : Inlling along a stretch occurs systematically from one end to the other, in phases of variable length

Phasing by node : Inlling occurs at various key nodes (intersections, points of interest, et cetera) and radiates outwards

Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3

Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3

Phasing by inll type : Inlling occurs by plant type, from largest to smallest

Phase 1:Understory trees

Phase 2:Shrubs, epiphytes

Phase 3:Groundcover


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8 . 3 T Y P E B : A R C A D E S

An extensive and pleasant pedestrian route

An academic campus requires an extensivepedestrian network that offers a comfortable,

sheltered pedestrian experience and ex-

ibility of routes. To this end, the Arcades are

designed to crisscross the open space be-

tween the buildings of FoS and SoM, linking

academic buildings, Themed Gardens and

Activity Nodes.

In contrast to the singular and expedient

Formal Boulevard of NUH area, the Arcades

of NUS (FoS, SoM & FoD) range across the

campus to link its various components.

It is desired that the network comprises a

variety of Arcade types, each designed in

accordance with the following guidelines.

These Arcades will remain unied by the

strong geometry of the network in the Plan,

and by other unifying elements described in

the following pages.

Network of arcades linking buildings, Themed Gardens and Activity Nodes

Variety of arcade types within the pedestrian route network

MD 1

8 .3 .1 TYPE B : ARCADES


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8 .3 .2 TYPE B : ARCADES - DAY ONE SCENARIO

Starting with a clear gesture

The goals of a Campus Master Plan are nec-

essarily sweeping, and will take decades toimplement. During this time, it is reasonable

to expect that other planning priorities and

concepts will be introduced. It is unlikely

that the present Master Plan will be exactly

implemented as envisaged in 2009, without

modication.

However, it is important to establish certain

elements, anchors or touch-stones that

provide a clear and appealing structure that

will maintain in spite of changes to the evo-

lution of NUS campus.

To this end, it is proposed that a central

pedestrian axis linking the NUH, MRT, and

the broader NUS campus be considered as

such an element. As a relatively light (in-

expensive, quick and minimally destructive)

element, a pedestrian route seems to offer an

effective place to start.

The exact course of this route may, in future,

shift to take advantage of new openings pro-

vided by the subsequent removal of existing

buildings. However, a clearly appreciable

gesture on Day One will help to place this

element within the campus landscape.

An additional benet to this strategy is the

impression that major changes are afoot

from the very inception of this scheme - an

impression that can be produced without

major capital expenditure.

Day Onescenario: start with aclear gesture by in-troducing the centralpedestrian axis

MD 1


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8 .3 .3 VARIETY OF SPATIAL ENVELOPES

Those familiar with the NUH and NUS

campuses will be well aware that many

existing circulation paths are planned forgreat lengths, while maintaining a consistent

length and character. While efcient, this

can lead to a monotonous experience for the

user, and suggests that the campus is to be

bypassed rather than enjoyed.

In contrast to the standard pedestrian link-

way, in which the spatial envelope remains

constant, it is proposed that new pathways,

such as the central spine, make use of avail-

able peripheral spaces to expand at the side

where possible and where appropriate. Small

gardens are created at either side. This lendsan element of surprise and relief, and pres-

ents the pedestrian routes as linear parkways

rather than infrastructural corridors.

Paths may expand to accommodate adjacent Themed Gardens

Crossing ThemedGardens on either side,the Arcade can takeadvantage of the sur-

rounding greenery

Abutting buildingfaces, can also be incor-porated within buildingfootprints as a portico

Passing throughabove a Trench, pe-destrians can enjoy thesights of the Regiment-ed Rainforest

CANTEEN


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8 .3 .4 C IRCULATION

One of the central roles of the landscape

master plan is to support the experience of

the user during the process of circulatingacross the many spaces of the campus. Care-

ful choices of hardscape and softscape - both

in type and in distribution - can assist in

making movement at NUS both clearer and

more pleasant.

The goal of the future master plan is to es-

tablish a circulatory system that, while main-

taining multiple routes across the campus, is

nonetheless clear and user-friendly.

NUH user

non-NUH user


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8 .3 .5 A VARIETY OF ARCADE TYPES

In addition of high-quality execution at the detail level, Ar-

cade structures should take advantage of a full range of design

methods to provide comfort as well as visual interest and vari-

ety between areas in NUS campus.

Such variations may include: expressive geometries in the ceiling

plane, optical effects such as changes in color and porosity, form

and geometry of columns and structural elements; and incorpora-

tion of occasional lighting, seating, and art work.


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Sample Formal Boulevard Canopy shown in Master Plan of NUH area


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Gardens as place-makers

It is imagined that each Themed Garden willpresent a fresh destination to visitors to the

NUS campus.

To achieve this, each Garden should employ

a characteristic set of landscape techniques to

create its own distinct identity. These can in-

clude the use of particular planting palettes,

material palettes, paving patterns, water

features, earth works, and lighting schemes,

amongst others.

Not only will there be an increase in points

of interest within the campus, there will alsobe a system of gardens that help to create

identities within the larger landscape. By in-

creasing imageability of various parts of the

campus, these gardens can help to orient the

user within NUS.

Existing Gardens

NUS already has a system of extant Themed

Gardens. However, these have heretofore re-

mained largely as localised phenomena and

have been developed on an ad-hoc basis.

By introducing an entire patchwork of

Themed Gardens, the existing and new land-

scape parcels become unied in an overarch-

ing landscape planning concept that ties the

disparate parts of the NUS campus together.

8 . 4 T Y P E C : T H E M E D G A R DE N S

MD1

8 .4 .1 TYPE C : THEMED GARDENS


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8 .4 .2 TYPE C : THEMED GARDENS - REPRESENTATIVE IMAGES

Michael Van Valkenburgh, Avenue Montaigne Courtyard, Paris, France 1993

Innocenti and Webel, University of South Carolina, South Caro-lina, USA 1964-85

Klan and Singer, ENBW Zentrale, Karlsruhe, Germany 1997


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Special circumstances

While most Activity Nodes will be enclosedgreen-roof structures, there may be certain

circumstances where a landscape-based Ac-

tivity Node may be desired.

In these cases, it is proposed that these land-

scapes will be characterised by a predomi-

nance of hardscape, and/ or the presence of

a feature canopy.

These canopies will provide both a visual

signature to the Node, but also provide relief

from the heat and rain. It is intended that

these areas will be aesthetically and environ-mentally attractive to students such that they

will be encouraged to spend time outside of

the academic buildings themselves.

The surrounding landscape should be con-

sidered in the design of the ground plane of

these spaces. It is encouraged that no distinct

separation between the two should be made

as this might deter visitors from crossing into

the landscape.

It is intended to create favourable circum-

stances for increased outdoor use.

Example of a feature shading for an Activity Node

8 . 5 T Y P E D : A C T I V IT Y N O D E S

Turinscape, The Red Ribbon, Hebei Province, China 2006 Public landscape , The Nether lands

8 .5 .1 TYPE D : ACTIV ITY NODES


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8 .5 .2 GREEN ROOFS

The Academic Green is essentially an extensive green roof. Efforts should as well be made to introduce green roofs to LTs and activity pavilions

within the Academic Green. Some successful built examples of both extensive and intensive green roofs are shown here:


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HERBS

Scientic Name Common Name Family Phylum Habit Max. Height Remarks Image

Acanthusebracteatus

Holy-LeavedMangrove,Sea Holly,Jeruju, Jerujah

Acanthaceae Magnoliophyta Herb, spiny 2m Can propagate

Acanthusilicifolius

Acanthaceae Magnoliophyta Herb, spiny 2m Can propagate

Acrostichum

aureum

Leather Fern,

Paku Laut,Mangrove Fern,Coarse SwampFern

Pteridaceae Filicinophyta Herb, aquatic 4m Available

Acrostichumspeciosum

Mangrove Fern Pteridaceae Filicinophyta Herb, aquatic 1.5m Can propagate

Crinum asiaticum Seashore Lily,Poison Bulb,Bakung, CrinumLily, AsiaticPoison Lily,Spider Lily,SeashoreCrinum

Amaryllidaceae Magnoliophyta Herb 2m Available;can propagate

8 . 6 R E C O M M E N D E D S P E C I E S


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Wollostonia bifora Holy-LeavedMangrove,Sea Holly,Jeruju, Jerujah

Asteraceae Magnoliophyta Herb; scandent 1.5m Can propagate

CLIMBERSANDTRAILERS

Acanthaceae Magnoliophyta Climber/ herb 2m Can propagateAcanthus volubilis

Cayratia trifolia Vitaceae Magnoliophyta Climber/ trailer NA Can propagate

Cissus repens Vitaceae Magnoliophyta Climber/ trailer NA Can propagate

Derris trifoliata Fabaceae Magnoliophyta Climber/ trailer NA Can propagate


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Apocynaceae Magnoliophyta Climber NAFinlaysonia obovata

Hoya verticillata Ridleys Hoya Apocynaceae Magnoliophyta Climber/laticiferous

NA Can propagate

Ipomoea pes-caprae Beach MorningGlory, RailroadVine, SeaMorning Glory,

Tapak Kuda,Goats Foot

Convolvulaceae Magnoliophyta Trailer/laticiferous

NA Available

Birds Nest Fern,RumahLangsuyar

Aspleniaceae Filicinophyta Crown epiphyte;terrestrial herb

1.5m Can propagate;available

Asplenium nidus

Rabbits-foot Fern Davall iaceae Fi licinophyta Epiphy te,lithophyte;trailing herb

0.7m AvailableDavalliadenticulata


EPIPHYTES


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Pigeon Orchid,AnggerekMerpati, WhiteDove Orchid

Orchidaceae Magnoliophyta Crown epiphyte 1.5m Can propagateDendrobiumcrumenatum

Fagraea auriculata Pelir Musang,Bira Bira

Log aniaceae Magnoli ophy ta Shrub, small tree;epiphyte,litophytic,terrestrial

4m Can propagate;slow growing

Platyceriumcoronarium

Staghorn Fern,Crown Staghorn,Stags HornFern, Disc StagsHorn Fern,Elkhorn Fern,Semum Bidadari,Rumah Langsuyar,Paku Langsuyar

Polypodiaceae Filicinophyta Crown epiphyte NA Available

Seashore Ardisia,Mata Pelanduk,Penah, Periah,Buah Letus, Cem-penai, Daun BisaHati, Mata Ayam,Mata Itek

Myrsinaceae Magnoliophyta Shrub; small tree 3m AvailableArdisia elliptica

Indian Privet,SeashoreTubeower,Bunga Pawang,Wild Jasmine,Sorcerers Bush,SeasideClerodendrum

Verbenaceae Magnoliophyta Shrub; scandent 1.5m Available;can propagate

Clerodendruminerme


SHRUBS


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Rhamnaceae Magnoliophyta Shrub; small tree 5m Can propagateColubrina asiatica

Licuala spinosa Palas,Mangrove FanPalm, SpinyLicuala Palm

Arecaceae Magnoliophyta Shrub 5m Available

Fish-killer Tree,BeachBarringtonia,Poison Fish Tree,Sea Putat,Barringtonia,Butun, Butong,Pertun, Putat

Lecythidaceae Magnoliophyta Tree 10m AvailableBarringtoniaasiatica

Lecythidaceae Magnoliophyta Tree 8m AvailableBarringtoniaconoidea

Common Putat,Putat Ayam, PutatKampong, Com-mon Putat PowderPuff

Lecythidaceae Magnoliophyta Tree 8m AvailableBarringtoniaracemosa


TREES


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Borneo Mahogany,Penaga Laut,BodekLaut, Paku Achu,Indian Laurel,Alexandra Laurel,Bintangur Bunga

Clusiaceae Magnoliophyta Tree 20 m AvailableCalophylluminophyllum

Casuarinaequisetifolia

Horsetail Tree,Southsea Iron-wood, Mile Tree,Australian Pine,Cemara Laut,Common Rhu,Aru

Casuarinaceae Magnoliophyta Tree 30m Available

Coconut, Kelapa,Niyor, CoconutPalm

Arecaceae Magnoliophyta Tree, unbranched 20m AvailableCocos nucifera

Cycadaceae Cycadophyta Tree, usually un-branched

5m Available; expen-sive

Cycas edentata

Katong Laut Fabaceae Magnoliophyta Tree 8m AvailableCynometra

ramifora


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Malayan Banyan,Jejawi, IndianLaurel, CurtainFig, Chinese Ban-yan, Glossy-leafFig

Moraceae Magnoliophyta Strangler; tree;laticiferous

30 m Can propagateFicus microcarpa

Ficus superba Sea Fig Moraceae Magnoliophyta Strangler; tree;laticiferous

20m Have NUS NativePlant Nursery stock

Meninjau, Belinjau,Bago, GnemonTree,Maninjau, Minjau,

Songkok, SpanishJointFir

Gnetaceae Gnetophyta Tree 8m AvailableGnetum gnemon

Merbau Ipil, Mer-bauAyer, Ipil, Kwila

Fabaceae Magnoliophyta Tree 15m Have NUS NativePlant Nursery stock

Intsia bijuga

Small-Leaved

Nutmeg,Gerahan,MerbatuKechil,Penarahan Padi

Myristicaceae Magnoliophyta Tree 10m Have NUS Native

Plant Nursery stock

Knema globularia


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Nibung, Nibong,Nibung Palm

Arecaceae Magnoliophyta Tree; clumpingpalm; prickly

25 m AvailableOncospermatigillarium

Pandanusodoratissimus

Pandanus Palm,ScrewPine, MengkuangLaut, MengkuangDuri,Pandan Darat

Pandanaceae Magnoliophyta Tree; spiny 6m Can propagate

Yellow Flamboy-ant,Jemerlang Laut,Yellow Flame,

Batai, BataiLaut, YellowPoinciana

Fabaceae Magnoliophyta Tree 10m AvailablePeltophorumpterocarpum

Menasi, Sea Gutta,Misi

Sapotaceae Magnoliophyta Tree 8m AvailablePouteria obovata

Sea Almond,

Ketapang, IndianAlmond, Tropi-cal Almond Tree,Lingtak, BastardAlmond,SingaporeAlmond,Telisai, JelawaiKetapang

Combretaceae Magnoliophyta Tree 30m Have NUS Native

Plant Nursery stock

Terminalia catappa


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Bendy Tree, Milo,Bhendi Tree, PortiaTree, Pacic Rose-wood, Baru Baru,Baru Laut, Bebaru

Malvaceae Magnoliophyta Tree 5 m Have NUS NativePlant Nursery stock

Thespesiapopulnea

Tristaniopsiswhiteana

River Tristania,Pelawan, Selunchor

Myrtaceae Magnoliophyta Tree 10m Available


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8 .7 TRE E CONS E RV ATION S TRATE GY

For Tree Conservation Strategy, please refer to Nparks guide-

lines for Development Control Submission for Private/Public

Building Developments.

Under the Parks & Trees Act S14, written approval must be

obtained from the Commissioner of Parks & Recreation to

remove or cut any tree with a girth exceeding 1m, unless it is:

i. for the prevention of imminent danger; or

ii in compliance with any obligation imposed by any

written law; or

iii an expendable species listed in Annex 5.

It is a general recommendation that all existing trees be re-

tained unless felling is deemed necessary for future construc-

tion, or as above.

Topographical surveys with detailed surveys shall be carried

out for specic areas as required. Surveys shall be conducted

during planning and design stages of new works, to ensure

that all trees and relative soil/ground levels are accurate at

the time of construction.

Existing trees are shown at right.

location of existing trees on campus


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8 .7 TRE E CONS E RV ATION S TRATE GYline of min. treeprotection zone

hoarding to beprovided alongthe limits of thetree protectionzone

outline of canopy

tree trunk

Illustration 2: Minimum TPZ;Tree girth < or = 1.0m

line of min. treeprotection zone


outline of canopy

tree trunk

Illustration 3: Minimum TPZ;1.0m < Tree girth < or = 1.5m

line of min. treeprotection zone


outline of canopy

tree trunk

Illustration 4: Minimum TPZ;1.5m 2.0m

Illustration 1: Minimum TPZ;1.5m < Tree Girth < or = 2.0m;Section

line of minimum protection zone

hoarding to be provided along thelimits of the tree protection zone

no excavation, raise/lower of soillevel, compaction and any form ofconstruction including temporaryworks are allowed in this zone

soil levels are to be adjustedoutside of hoarding. con-struction works are allowedin this area.original soil prole

roadsidegreenverge

cementcrossing


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Suggested paving patterns Built examples of recommended paving material and patterns which are textured, durable andsustainable. and those which are not recommended.

Activity areas should create interest through a lively use of materials and patterns. These may take advantage of the growing market in recycled

paving products and reconstituted woods to create a ground surface that is textured, durable, and sustainabl e.

8 .8 RE COMME N DE D P AV ING P ATTE RNS


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Taylor Cullity Lethlean - Customs House Park,Greater Geelong, Australia, 2001

Josef Pleskot - Pedestrian Walkway of Deer Moat,Prague, Czech Republic, 2002

SLA - Frederiksberg New Urban Space,Copenhagen, Denmark, 2005

OMA - Casa da Musica,Porto, Portugal, 2005

A variety of lighting options

Lighting can add invaluably to the experi-ence of a landscape. Landscape in turn offers

many different contexts in which lighting

effects can be produced. The NUS campus

would do better to avoid traditional institu-

tional lighting provisions, such as mast lights

at regular intervals.

While it is important that the campus is well-

lit for safety reasons, there are numerous

ways in which this goal can be achieved. It

is likewise important to acknowledge that a

well-lit public space will represent a range of

lighting atmospheres from bright to restful.

8 . 9 L I G H T I N G , S E AT I N G , A N D A R T W O R K S


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BCA Landscape - Face of Liverpool,Liverpool, UK, 2004

Klahn + Singer - Castle of Gottesaue,Karlsruhe, Germany, 2003

Landworks Studio - Court Square Press Courtyard,Massachusetts, USA, 2003

Zvi Hecker - The Page, Lindenstrasse Memorial,Berlin, Germany, 1996

A variety of seating options

In the contemporary campus environment,it is acknowledged that seating of various

kinds can contribute a sense of fun and aes-

thetic interest. It is no longer expected that a

single bench type be employed throughout a

common campus. Rather, different areas can

benet from the unique identity conferred by

a combination of lighting, seating and other

landscape elements.

8 . 9 L I G H T I N G , S E AT I N G , A N D A RT W O R K S


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Kusama, Yayoi - Ascension of Polkadots on the

Trees, 2006

Wilma Cruise - Bronze sculpture, Alice

Taylor Cullity Lethlean - Eucalyptus,Montreal, USA, 2005

Nip Paysage - Annual Garden Festival installation,Montreal, USA, 2005

A variety of artwork options

Art work can be used in a creative way toenliven spaces within NUS campus, and in

particular, those areas with a high degree of

pedestrian ow.

Those art pieces that produce a sensation of

surprise or invite interactivity are preferred

as these will contribute a sense of enjoyment

and excitement to the new spaces.

8 . 9 L I G H T I N G , S E AT I N G , A N D A R T W O R K S


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